Abstract
Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of 12 different dentin desensitizing agents (DDAs) on the shear bond strength of a one step self- etch adhesive to dentin.Materials and Methods: To that end, one hundred ninety-five intact human mandibular third molar teeth were used in this study. The buccal cervical enamel tissues of teeth were removed to expose cervical dentin. The teeth were randomly divided into 13 treatment groups (n=15).Twelve different DDAs (Smart Protect, Systemp Desensitizer, Seal&Protect, Aqua-Prep F, Isodan, Gluma, BisBlock, UltraEZ, D/Sense Crystal, Colgate Sensitive Pro- Relief, Topex ve Clinpro White Varnish) were applied to dentin surfaces according to manufacturers’instructions. No desensitizing treatment was applied to group 13. After desensitizing treatment, all specimens were kept in artificial saliva for 14 days at 37 °C. At the end of this soaking period, all specimen were taken out of the saliva, rinsed with water and dentin surfaces were brushed 8-10 times in circular motion. Clearfil Tri-S Bond (Kuraray Medical Inc, Japan) was applied to dentin surfaces according to manifacturers’ instructions. A microhybride composite resin (Filtek Z 250, 3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA) was applied to dentin surfaces according to manifacturers’ instructions by means of cylindrical tubes. Prepared specimens were stored in distilled water and kept in the etuve at 37°C for 24 hours. Shear bond strength test were performed by using Universal Tension/Compression Testing Machine (Instron 3382, USA). The occlusive effect of DHGA on dentin tubuls were examined with SEM by preparing three specimens for each group. The significance of the differences between groups within shearbond strength was investigated with One-Way Analysis of Variance (One-Way ANOVA) and post hoc Tukey test. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.Results: The shear bond strength values of D/Sense Crystal, Topex ve Clinpro White Varnish groups were found statistically lower than the control group (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the control group and the other groups (Smart Protect, Systemp Desensitizer, Seal&Protect, Aqua-Prep F, Isodan, Gluma, BisBlock, UltraEZ, Colgate Sensitive Pro- Relief)Conclusions: In this in vitro study, the application of DDAs which contain fluoride and potassium oxalate reduced the resin-dentin shear bond strength of a one step self-etch adhesive. The possible reason of this situation could be that the penetration of the self-etch adhesive resin that had weak acidity to dentin tubules was prevented by dentin plugs that were produced by these agents as viewed on SEM investigations
References
- REFERANSLAR
- Consensus-based recommendations for the diagnosis and management of dentin hypersensitivity. J Can Dent Assoc 2003;69:221-226.
- Walters PA. Dentinal hypersensitivity: a review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005;6:107-117.
- Bartold PM. Dentinal hypersensitivity: a review. Aust Dent J 2006;51:212-218.
- Al-Sabbagh M, Brown A, Thomas MV. In-office treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity. Dent Clin North Am 2009;53:47-60.
- Vieira AH, Santiago SL. Management of dentinal hypersensitivity. Gen Dent 2009 ;57:120-126.
- Brannstrom M. Etiology of dentin hypersensitivity. Proc Finn Dent Soc 1992;88 Suppl 1:7-13.
- Porto IC, Andrade AK, Montes MA. Diagnosis and treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity. J Oral Sci 2009;51:323-332.
- Orchardson R, Gillam DG. Managing dentin hypersensitivity. J Am Dent Assoc 2006 ;137:990-998.
- Swift EJ, Jr. Causes, prevention, and treatment of dentin hypersensitivity. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2004;25:95-106.
- Debner T, Warren DP, Powers JM. Effects of fluoride varnish on color of esthetic restorative material. J Esthet Dent 2000;12(3):160-163.
- Gangarosa LP, Sr. Current strategies for dentist-applied treatment in the management of hypersensitive dentine. Arch Oral Biol 1994;39 Suppl:101S-6.
- Pashley DH. Dentin permeability, dentin sensitivity, and treatment through tubule occlusion. J Endod 1986;12:465-474.
- Collaert B, Fischer C. Dentine hypersensitivity: a review. Endod Dent Traumatol 1991;7:145-152.
- Tung MS, Bowen HJ, Derkson GD, Pashley DH. Effects of calcium phosphate solutions on dentin permeability. J Endod 1993;19:383-387.
- Kishore A, Mehrotra KK, Saimbi CS. Effectiveness of desensitizing agents. J Endod 2002;28:34-35.
- Azarpazhooh A, Limeback H. Clinical efficacy of casein derivatives: a systematic review of the literature. J Am Dent Assoc 2008;139:915-924.
- Gandolfi MG, Silvia F, H PD, Gasparotto G, Carlo P. Calcium silicate coating derived from Portland cement as treatment for hypersensitive dentine. J Dent 2008;36:565-578.
- Kleinberg I. SensiStat. A new saliva-based composition for simple and effective treatment of dentinal sensitivity pain. Dent Today 2002;21:42-44.
- Hamlin D, Williams KP, Delgado E, Zhang YP, DeVizio W, Mateo LR. Clinical evaluation of the efficacy of a desensitizing paste containing 8% arginine and calcium carbonate for the in-office relief of dentin hypersensitivity associated with dental prophylaxis. Am J Dent 2009;22 Spec No A:16A-20A.
- Schiff T, Delgado E, Zhang YP, Cummins D, DeVizio W, Mateo LR. Clinical evaluation of the efficacy of an in-office desensitizing paste containing 8% arginine and calcium carbonate in providing instant and lasting relief of dentin hypersensitivity. Am J Dent 2009;22 Spec No A:8A-15A.
- Pashley EL, Tao L, Pashley DH. Effects of oxalate on dentin bonding. Am J Dent 1993;6(3):116-118.
- Kwong SM, Cheung GS, Kei LH, Itthagarun A, Smales RJ, Tay FR, et al. Micro-tensile bond strengths to sclerotic dentin using a self-etching and a total-etching technique. Dent Mater 2002;18:359-369.
- Akca T, Yazici AR, Celik C, Ozgunaltay G, Dayangac B. The effect of desensitizing treatments on the bond strength of resin composite to dentin mediated by a self-etching primer. Oper Dent 2007;32:451-456.
- Manso AP, Marquezini L, Jr., Silva SM, Pashley DH, Tay FR, Carvalho RM. Stability of wet versus dry bonding with different solvent-based adhesives. Dent Mater 2008;24:476-482.
- Nakabayashi N, Watanabe A, Gendusa NJ. Dentin adhesion of "modified" 4-META/MMA-TBB resin: function of HEMA. Dent Mater 1992;8:259-264.
- Perdigao J, Van Meerbeek B, Lopes MM, Ambrose WW. The effect of a re-wetting agent on dentin bonding. Dent Mater 1999;15:282-295.
- Qin C, Xu J, Zhang Y. Spectroscopic investigation of the function of aqueous 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate/glutaraldehyde solution as a dentin desensitizer. Eur J Oral Sci 2006;114:354-359.
- Camps J, About I, Van Meerbeek B, Franquin JC. Efficiency and cytotoxicity of resin-based desensitizing agents. Am J Dent 2002;15:300-304.
- Kolker JL, Vargas MA, Armstrong SR, Dawson DV. Effect of desensitizing agents on dentin permeability and dentin tubule occlusion. J Adhes Dent 2002;4:211-221.
- Al Qahtani MQ, Platt JA, Moore BK, Cochran MA. The effect on shear bond strength of rewetting dry dentin with two desensitizers. Oper Dent 2003;28:287-296.
- Perdigao J, Swift EJ, Jr., Heymann HO, Malek MA. Effect of a re-wetting agent on the performance of acetone-based dentin adhesives. Am J Dent 1998;11:207-213.
- Ritter AV, de LDW, Miguez P, Caplan DJ, Swift EJ, Jr. Treating cervical dentin hypersensitivity with fluoride varnish: a randomized clinical study. J Am Dent Assoc 2006 ;137:1013-1020.
- Nystrom GP, Holtan JR, Douglas WH. Effects of fluoride pretreatment on bond strength of a resin bonding agent. Quintessence Int 1990;21:495-499.
- Huh JB, Kim JH, Chung MK, Lee HY, Choi YG, Shim JS. The effect of several dentin desensitizers on shear bond strength of adhesive resin luting cement using self-etching primer. J Dent 2008;36:1025-1032.
- www.bisco.com..../bisblock.
- Pashley DH, Carvalho RM, Pereira JC, Villanueva R, Tay FR. The use of oxalate to reduce dentin permeability under adhesive restorations. Am J Dent 2001;14:89-94.
- Cummins D. Dentin hypersensitivity: from diagnosis to a breakthrough therapy for everyday sensitivity relief. J Clin Dent 2009;20:1-9.
- Wang Y, Liu S, Pei D, Du X, Ouyang X, Huang C. Effect of an 8.0% arginine and calcium carbonate in-office desensitizing paste on the microtensile bond strength of self-etching dental adhesives to human dentin. Am J Dent 2012;25:281-286.
- Yang H, Pei D, Liu S, Wang Y, Zhou L, Deng D, et al. Effect of a functional desensitizing paste containing 8% arginine and calcium carbonate on the microtensile bond strength of etch-and-rinse adhesives to human dentin. Am J Dent 2013;26:137-142.
- Silva e Souza MH, Jr., Carneiro KG, Lobato MF, Silva e Souza Pde A, de Goes MF. Adhesive systems: important aspects related to their composition and clinical use. J Appl Oral Sci 2010;18:207-214.
- Tanaka J, Ishikawa K, Yatani H, Yamashita A, Suzuki K. Correlation of dentin bond durability with water absorption of bonding layer. Dent Mater J 1999;18:11-18.
- Tay FR, Pashley DH, Yoshiyama M. Two modes of nanoleakage expression in single-step adhesives. J Dent Res 2002;81:472-476.
- Zhang Y, Agee K, Pashley DH, Pashley EL. The effects of Pain-Free Desensitizer on dentine permeability and tubule occlusion over time, in vitro. J Clin Periodontol 1998;25:884-891.
- Sauro S, Pashley DH, Montanari M, Chersoni S, Carvalho RM, Toledano M, et al. Effect of simulated pulpal pressure on dentin permeability and adhesion of self-etch adhesives. Dent Mater 2007;23:705-713.
- Sengun A, Unlu N, Ozturk B, Ozer F. Microtensile bond strength of two resin composite materials placed with direct and indirect techniques under simulated pulpal pressure. J Adhes Dent 2005;7:197-202.
- Perdigao J. Dentin bonding-variables related to the clinical situation and the substrate treatment. Dent Mater 2010;26:e24-37.
- Shimada Y, Sattabanasuk V, Sadr A, Yuan Y, He Z, Tagami J. Shear bond strength of tooth-colored indirect restorations bonded to mid-coronal and cervical dentin. Dent Mater J 2006;25:7-12.
- Sengun A, Koyuturk AE, Sener Y, Ozer F. Effect of desensitizers on the bond strength of a self-etching adhesive system to caries-affected dentin on the gingival wall. Oper Dent 2005;30:430-435.
Dentin hassasiyet giderici ajanların tek aşamalı bir self-etch adezivin makaslama bağlanma dayanımına etkisi
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı içerikleri farklı 12 adet dentin hassasiyet giderici ajanın (DHGA) bir
self-etch adeziv rezinin makaslama bağlanma dayanımına etkisinin belirlenmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada kullanılmak üzere 195 adet çürüksüz daimi alt 3. molar
dişin bukkal yüzeyindeki dentin dokusu açığa çıkacak şekilde mine dokusu uzaklaştırıldı.
Dentin örnekleri rastgele 13 gruba ayrıldı (n=15). On iki farklı DHGA (Smart Protect, Systemp
Desensitizer, Seal&Protect, Aqua-Prep F, Isodan, Gluma, BisBlock, D/Sense Crystal, UltraEZ,
Colgate Sensitive Pro- Relief, Topex ve Clinpro White Varnish) uygulama talimatlarına göre
dentin yüzeylerine uygulandı. Kontrol grubuna DHGA uygulanmadı. Dentin örnekleri 14 gün
boyunca 37°C’de yapay tükrük içinde bekletildi. Sonra yumuşak bir diş fırçası yardımıyla dentin
yüzeyindeki kalıntılar 8-10 kez uygulanan dairesel hareketlerle uzaklaştırıldı.
Clearfil Tri-S Bond (Kuraray Medical) dentin yüzeylerine uygulandıktan sonra silindirik
kalıplar yardımıyla kompozit rezin (Filtek Z 250, 3M ESPE, USA) dentin yüzeyine uygulandı.
Hazırlanan örnekler 24 saat boyunca distile suda, 37 ºC’de, etüvde bekletildi. Makaslama
bağlanma dayanımının ölçüm testleri Universal Çekme-Basma Test Sistemi (Instron 3382, USA)
kullanılarak yapıldı. Her bir grup için 3 adet dentin örneği hazırlanarak DHGA’nın dentin tübül
tıkaç etkinliği SEM ile incelendi.
Gruplar arasında bağlanma dayanımı yönünden farkın önemliliği Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi
(One-Way ANOVA) ve post hoc Tukey testi kullanılarak tespit edildi. p0.05).
Sonuçlar: Bu in vitro çalışmada fluorür ve potasyum okzalat içeren DHGA uygulamaları tek
aşamalı bir self-etch adezivin rezin-dentin makaslama bağlanma dayanım değerinde azalmaya
neden olmuştur. Bunun muhtemel nedeni SEM incelemelerinde görüntülendiği gibi bu ajanların
oluşturduğu dentin tübül tıkaçlarının, zayıf asiditesi olan self-etch adezivin dentin tübüllerine
penetrasyonunu engellemesi olabilir.
Keywords
dentin hassasiyeti hassasiyet giderici ajanlar makaslama bağlanma dayanımı self-etch adeziv
References
- REFERANSLAR
- Consensus-based recommendations for the diagnosis and management of dentin hypersensitivity. J Can Dent Assoc 2003;69:221-226.
- Walters PA. Dentinal hypersensitivity: a review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005;6:107-117.
- Bartold PM. Dentinal hypersensitivity: a review. Aust Dent J 2006;51:212-218.
- Al-Sabbagh M, Brown A, Thomas MV. In-office treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity. Dent Clin North Am 2009;53:47-60.
- Vieira AH, Santiago SL. Management of dentinal hypersensitivity. Gen Dent 2009 ;57:120-126.
- Brannstrom M. Etiology of dentin hypersensitivity. Proc Finn Dent Soc 1992;88 Suppl 1:7-13.
- Porto IC, Andrade AK, Montes MA. Diagnosis and treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity. J Oral Sci 2009;51:323-332.
- Orchardson R, Gillam DG. Managing dentin hypersensitivity. J Am Dent Assoc 2006 ;137:990-998.
- Swift EJ, Jr. Causes, prevention, and treatment of dentin hypersensitivity. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2004;25:95-106.
- Debner T, Warren DP, Powers JM. Effects of fluoride varnish on color of esthetic restorative material. J Esthet Dent 2000;12(3):160-163.
- Gangarosa LP, Sr. Current strategies for dentist-applied treatment in the management of hypersensitive dentine. Arch Oral Biol 1994;39 Suppl:101S-6.
- Pashley DH. Dentin permeability, dentin sensitivity, and treatment through tubule occlusion. J Endod 1986;12:465-474.
- Collaert B, Fischer C. Dentine hypersensitivity: a review. Endod Dent Traumatol 1991;7:145-152.
- Tung MS, Bowen HJ, Derkson GD, Pashley DH. Effects of calcium phosphate solutions on dentin permeability. J Endod 1993;19:383-387.
- Kishore A, Mehrotra KK, Saimbi CS. Effectiveness of desensitizing agents. J Endod 2002;28:34-35.
- Azarpazhooh A, Limeback H. Clinical efficacy of casein derivatives: a systematic review of the literature. J Am Dent Assoc 2008;139:915-924.
- Gandolfi MG, Silvia F, H PD, Gasparotto G, Carlo P. Calcium silicate coating derived from Portland cement as treatment for hypersensitive dentine. J Dent 2008;36:565-578.
- Kleinberg I. SensiStat. A new saliva-based composition for simple and effective treatment of dentinal sensitivity pain. Dent Today 2002;21:42-44.
- Hamlin D, Williams KP, Delgado E, Zhang YP, DeVizio W, Mateo LR. Clinical evaluation of the efficacy of a desensitizing paste containing 8% arginine and calcium carbonate for the in-office relief of dentin hypersensitivity associated with dental prophylaxis. Am J Dent 2009;22 Spec No A:16A-20A.
- Schiff T, Delgado E, Zhang YP, Cummins D, DeVizio W, Mateo LR. Clinical evaluation of the efficacy of an in-office desensitizing paste containing 8% arginine and calcium carbonate in providing instant and lasting relief of dentin hypersensitivity. Am J Dent 2009;22 Spec No A:8A-15A.
- Pashley EL, Tao L, Pashley DH. Effects of oxalate on dentin bonding. Am J Dent 1993;6(3):116-118.
- Kwong SM, Cheung GS, Kei LH, Itthagarun A, Smales RJ, Tay FR, et al. Micro-tensile bond strengths to sclerotic dentin using a self-etching and a total-etching technique. Dent Mater 2002;18:359-369.
- Akca T, Yazici AR, Celik C, Ozgunaltay G, Dayangac B. The effect of desensitizing treatments on the bond strength of resin composite to dentin mediated by a self-etching primer. Oper Dent 2007;32:451-456.
- Manso AP, Marquezini L, Jr., Silva SM, Pashley DH, Tay FR, Carvalho RM. Stability of wet versus dry bonding with different solvent-based adhesives. Dent Mater 2008;24:476-482.
- Nakabayashi N, Watanabe A, Gendusa NJ. Dentin adhesion of "modified" 4-META/MMA-TBB resin: function of HEMA. Dent Mater 1992;8:259-264.
- Perdigao J, Van Meerbeek B, Lopes MM, Ambrose WW. The effect of a re-wetting agent on dentin bonding. Dent Mater 1999;15:282-295.
- Qin C, Xu J, Zhang Y. Spectroscopic investigation of the function of aqueous 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate/glutaraldehyde solution as a dentin desensitizer. Eur J Oral Sci 2006;114:354-359.
- Camps J, About I, Van Meerbeek B, Franquin JC. Efficiency and cytotoxicity of resin-based desensitizing agents. Am J Dent 2002;15:300-304.
- Kolker JL, Vargas MA, Armstrong SR, Dawson DV. Effect of desensitizing agents on dentin permeability and dentin tubule occlusion. J Adhes Dent 2002;4:211-221.
- Al Qahtani MQ, Platt JA, Moore BK, Cochran MA. The effect on shear bond strength of rewetting dry dentin with two desensitizers. Oper Dent 2003;28:287-296.
- Perdigao J, Swift EJ, Jr., Heymann HO, Malek MA. Effect of a re-wetting agent on the performance of acetone-based dentin adhesives. Am J Dent 1998;11:207-213.
- Ritter AV, de LDW, Miguez P, Caplan DJ, Swift EJ, Jr. Treating cervical dentin hypersensitivity with fluoride varnish: a randomized clinical study. J Am Dent Assoc 2006 ;137:1013-1020.
- Nystrom GP, Holtan JR, Douglas WH. Effects of fluoride pretreatment on bond strength of a resin bonding agent. Quintessence Int 1990;21:495-499.
- Huh JB, Kim JH, Chung MK, Lee HY, Choi YG, Shim JS. The effect of several dentin desensitizers on shear bond strength of adhesive resin luting cement using self-etching primer. J Dent 2008;36:1025-1032.
- www.bisco.com..../bisblock.
- Pashley DH, Carvalho RM, Pereira JC, Villanueva R, Tay FR. The use of oxalate to reduce dentin permeability under adhesive restorations. Am J Dent 2001;14:89-94.
- Cummins D. Dentin hypersensitivity: from diagnosis to a breakthrough therapy for everyday sensitivity relief. J Clin Dent 2009;20:1-9.
- Wang Y, Liu S, Pei D, Du X, Ouyang X, Huang C. Effect of an 8.0% arginine and calcium carbonate in-office desensitizing paste on the microtensile bond strength of self-etching dental adhesives to human dentin. Am J Dent 2012;25:281-286.
- Yang H, Pei D, Liu S, Wang Y, Zhou L, Deng D, et al. Effect of a functional desensitizing paste containing 8% arginine and calcium carbonate on the microtensile bond strength of etch-and-rinse adhesives to human dentin. Am J Dent 2013;26:137-142.
- Silva e Souza MH, Jr., Carneiro KG, Lobato MF, Silva e Souza Pde A, de Goes MF. Adhesive systems: important aspects related to their composition and clinical use. J Appl Oral Sci 2010;18:207-214.
- Tanaka J, Ishikawa K, Yatani H, Yamashita A, Suzuki K. Correlation of dentin bond durability with water absorption of bonding layer. Dent Mater J 1999;18:11-18.
- Tay FR, Pashley DH, Yoshiyama M. Two modes of nanoleakage expression in single-step adhesives. J Dent Res 2002;81:472-476.
- Zhang Y, Agee K, Pashley DH, Pashley EL. The effects of Pain-Free Desensitizer on dentine permeability and tubule occlusion over time, in vitro. J Clin Periodontol 1998;25:884-891.
- Sauro S, Pashley DH, Montanari M, Chersoni S, Carvalho RM, Toledano M, et al. Effect of simulated pulpal pressure on dentin permeability and adhesion of self-etch adhesives. Dent Mater 2007;23:705-713.
- Sengun A, Unlu N, Ozturk B, Ozer F. Microtensile bond strength of two resin composite materials placed with direct and indirect techniques under simulated pulpal pressure. J Adhes Dent 2005;7:197-202.
- Perdigao J. Dentin bonding-variables related to the clinical situation and the substrate treatment. Dent Mater 2010;26:e24-37.
- Shimada Y, Sattabanasuk V, Sadr A, Yuan Y, He Z, Tagami J. Shear bond strength of tooth-colored indirect restorations bonded to mid-coronal and cervical dentin. Dent Mater J 2006;25:7-12.
- Sengun A, Koyuturk AE, Sener Y, Ozer F. Effect of desensitizers on the bond strength of a self-etching adhesive system to caries-affected dentin on the gingival wall. Oper Dent 2005;30:430-435.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Original Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | April 5, 2014 |
| Submission Date | April 5, 2014 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2014 |
Cited By
FARKLI HASSASİYET GİDERİCİ AJANLARIN TEK AŞAMALI BİR SELF-ETCH ADEZİV SİSTEMİN DENTİNE MAKASLAMA BAĞLANMA DAYANIMINA ETKİSİ
Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi
Keziban OLCAY
https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.543358
FARKLI HASSASİYET GİDERİCİ AJANLARIN TEK AŞAMALI BİR SELF-ETCH ADEZİV SİSTEMİN DENTİNE MAKASLAMA BAĞLANMA DAYANIMINA ETKİSİ
Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi
Keziban OLCAY
https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.482746
Cumhuriyet Dental Journal (Cumhuriyet Dent J, CDJ) is the official publication of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry. CDJ is an international journal dedicated to the latest advancement of dentistry. The aim of this journal is to provide a platform for scientists and academicians all over the world to promote, share, and discuss various new issues and developments in different areas of dentistry. First issue of the Journal of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry was published in 1998. In 2010, journal's name was changed as Cumhuriyet Dental Journal. Journal’s publication language is English.
CDJ accepts articles in English. Submitting a paper to CDJ is free of charges. In addition, CDJ has not have article processing charges.
Frequency: Four times a year (March, June, September, and December)
IMPORTANT NOTICE
All users of Cumhuriyet Dental Journal should visit to their user's home page through the "https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/user" " or "https://dergipark.org.tr/en/user" links to update their incomplete information shown in blue or yellow warnings and update their e-mail addresses and information to the DergiPark system. Otherwise, the e-mails from the journal will not be seen or fall into the SPAM folder. Please fill in all missing part in the relevant field.
Please visit journal's AUTHOR GUIDELINE to see revised policy and submission rules to be held since 2020.