Research Article
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The Effect of Photodynamic Therapy Applied with Different Photosensitizers on Dentin Hardness in Comparison with Conventional Irrigation

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: Suppl/2, 26 - 31, 29.12.2022

Cihan Küden

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.1199515
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using toluidine blue O (TBO), curcumin (CUR) and methylene blue (MB) photosensitizers on root canal dentin microhardness by comparing it with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) + ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA).
Materials and methods: The root canals of 100 human premolar teeth were shaped by the R25 file (Reciproc; VDW, Munich, Germany). The working length of the teeth was determined by using a #10 K-file, keeping it 1mm shorter than the tooth apex. The R25 file was used to prepare the root canals. After every three pecking motions, irrigation was performed and a total of 10 mm of distilled water was used. The specimens were randomly distributed according to the disinfection method; NaOCl+EDTA, PDT with TBO, PDT with CUR, PDT with MB and distilled water (DS) (n=20). Grooves were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces of the prepared teeth, parallel to the long axis of the tooth, without touching the root canals. The roots were divided into two parts by means of a cement spatula placed in these grooves. Root canal dentin microhardness was evaluated by the Vickers test method. Three measurements were made by applying 300 g of force for 15 seconds and the average was calculated. It was recorded as the Vickers hardness value. The data were analyzed by using the one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s post hoc tests (α=0.05).
Results: All photosensitizer groups showed significantly higher microhardness value than the groups of DS and NaOCl + EDTA (p<0.05). There were no differences the groups of photosensitizers (p>0.05).
Conclusions: PDT with CUR obtained the highest radicular dentin microhardness.

Keywords

Curcumin Microhardness Photodynamic Therapy Photosensitizers

Thanks

I would like to thank Seda Nur Karakaş for her support.

References

  • Saghiri MA, Delvarani A, Mehrvarzfar P, Malganji G, Lotfi M, Dadresanfar B et al. A study of the relation between erosion and microhardness of root canal dentin. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009;108:e29-e34.
  • Poggio C, Arciola CR, Dagna A, Florindi F, Chiesa M, Saino E et al. Photoactivated disinfection (PAD) in endodontics: an in vitro microbiological evaluation. Int J Artif Organs 2011;34:889-897.
  • Aktener BO and Bilkay U. Smear layer removal with different concentrations of EDTA-ethylenediamine mixtures. J Endod 1993;19:228-231.
  • Hennequin M, Pajot J, and Avignant D. Effects of different pH values of citric acid solutions on the calcium and phosphorus contents of human root dentin. J Endod 1994;20:551-554.
  • Rotstein I, Dankner E, Goldman A, Heling I, Stabholz A, and Zalkind M. Histochemical analysis of dental hard tissues following bleaching. J Endod 1996;22:23-26.
  • Garcez AS, Arantes-Neto JG, Sellera DP, and Fregnani ER. Effects of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and surgical endodontic treatment on the bacterial load reduction and periapical lesion healing. Three years follow up. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2015;12:575-580.
  • Chrepa V, Kotsakis GA, Pagonis TC, and Hargreaves KM. The Effect of Photodynamic Therapy in Root Canal Disinfection: A Systematic Review. J Endod 2014;40:891-898.
  • Gursoy H, Ozcakir-Tomruk C, Tanalp J, and Yılmaz S. Photodynamic therapy in dentistry: a literature review. Clin Oral Investig 2013;17:1113-1125.
  • Plotino G, Grande N, and Mercade M. Photodynamic therapy in endodontics. Int Endod J 2019;52:760-774.
  • Santezi C, Reina BD, and Dovigo LN. Curcumin-mediated Photodynamic Therapy for the treatment of oral infections—A review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018;21:409-415.
  • Alkahtany MF, Almadi KH, Sohail M, Alzahrani KM, Vohra F, and Abduljabbar T. Influence of adjunctive photodynamic therapy (curcumin) on the extrusion bond strength of radicular dentin to contemporary root canal sealers. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021;34:102341.
  • Sahyon HBS, da Silva PP, de Oliveira MS, Cintra LTA, Dezan-Júnior E, Gomes-Filho JE et al. Influence of curcumin photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy on the mechanical properties and push-out bond strength of glass-fiber posts to intraradicular dentin. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019;25:376-381.
  • Keskin G and Çiloğlu M. Efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and Er, Cr: YSGG laser-activated irrigation on dentinal tubule penetration of MTA-based root canal sealer: A confocal microscopy study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021;36:102584.
  • Prado M, Simão RA, and Gomes BP. Effect of different irrigation protocols on resin sealer bond strength to dentin. J Endod 2013;39:689-692.
  • Ok E, Ertas H, Saygili G, and Gok T. Effect of photo-activated disinfection on bond strength of three different root canal sealers. Eur J Dent 2014;8:085-089.
  • Souza MA, Padilha Rauber MG, Zuchi N, Bonacina LV, Ricci R, Dias CT et al. Influence of final irrigation protocols and endodontic sealer on bond strength of root filling material with root dentin previously treated with photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019;26:137-141.
  • Küden C and Karakaş SN. Photodynamic therapy and gaseous ozone versus conventional post space treatment methods on the push-out bond strength of fiber posts luting with different resin cements. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021;36:102586.
  • Bonsor S, Nichol R, Reid T, and Pearson G. An alternative regimen for root canal disinfection. Brit Dent J 2006;201:101-105.
  • Sahyon HBS, da Silva PP, de Oliveira MS, Cintra LTA, Gomes-Filho JE, Dos Santos PH et al. Effect of photodynamic therapy on the mechanical properties and bond strength of glass-fiber posts to endodontically treated intraradicular dentin. J Prosthet Dent 2018;120:317. e1-317. e7.
  • Saffarpour M, Abasalizadeh F, fathollahi Ms, and Chiniforush N. The in vitro effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with toluidine blue and indocyanine green on microleakage of class V cavities. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022:103005.
  • Stelzer R, Schaller H-G, and Gernhardt CR. Push-out bond strength of RealSeal SE and AH Plus after using different irrigation solutions. J Endod 2014;40:1654-1657.
  • Guedes APA, Moda MD, Suzuki TYU, Godas AGdL, Sundfeld RH, Briso ALF et al. Effect of fluoride-releasing adhesive systems on the mechanical properties of eroded dentin. Braz Dent J 2016;27:153-159.
  • Küden C and Karakaş SN. Güncel Dezenfektan Yöntemlerinin Kök Kanal Dentin Mikrosertliği Üzerine Etkisi. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilim Derg 2021;10:405-409.
  • Chun K, Choi H, and Lee J. Comparison of mechanical property and role between enamel and dentin in the human teeth. J Dent Biomechanics 2014;5.
  • Kreisler M, Kohnen W, Beck M, Al Haj H, Christoffers A, Götz H et al. Efficacy of NaOCl/H2O2 irrigation and GaAlAs laser in decontamination of root canals in vitro. Lasers Surg Med 2003;32:189-196.
  • Siqueira Jr JF, Rôças IN, Favieri A, and Lima KC. Chemomechanical reduction of the bacterial population in the root canal after instrumentation and irrigation with 1%, 2.5%, and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. J Endod 2000;26:331-334.
  • Ari H, Erdemir A, and Belli S. Evaluation of the effect of endodontic irrigation solutions on the microhardness and the roughness of root canal dentin. J Endod 2004;30:792-795.
  • Strazzi-Sahyon HB, Oliveira AKL, Carvalho AP, Figueiredo RB, Cintra LTA, Gomes-Filho JE et al. Influence of photodynamic therapy and intracanal medication on Martens hardness, elastic modulus and bond strength of glass-fiber posts to endodontically treated root dentin. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021;36:102571.
  • Ballal NV, Roy A, and Zehnder M. Effect of Sodium Hypochlorite Concentration in Continuous Chelation on Dislodgement Resistance of an Epoxy Resin and Hydraulic Calcium Silicate Sealer. Polymers 2021;13:3482.
  • Abuidris A, Abdelaziz SM, Roshdy NN, and Issa MY. Evaluation of the antibacterial efficacy of two herbals and their effect on dentin microhardness (A comparative in vitro study). Egypt Dent J 2020;66:2739-2750.
  • Baldasso FER, Roleto L, Silva VDd, Morgental RD, and Kopper PMP. Effect of final irrigation protocols on microhardness reduction and erosion of root canal dentin. Braz Oral Res 2017;31.
  • Zanin IC, Lobo MM, Rodrigues LK, Pimenta LA, Höfling JF, and Gonçalves RB. Photosensitization of in vitro biofilms by toluidine blue O combined with a light‐emitting diode. Eur J Oral Sci 2006;114:64-69.
  • Souza MA, Pazinatto B, Bischoff KF, Palhano HS, Cecchin D, and de Figueiredo JAP. Influence of ultrasonic activation over final irrigants in the removal of photosensitizer from root canal walls after photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017;17:216-220.
  • Alkhudhairy F, Naseem M, Ahmad ZH, Alnooh AN, and Vohra F. Influence of photobio-modulation with an Er, Cr: YSGG laser on dentin adhesion bonded with bioactive and resin-modified glass ionomer cement. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2019;17:2280800019880691.
  • Strazzi-Sahyon HB, de Oliveira MS, da Silva PP, Banci HA, de Melo FS, Martinez CMT et al. Does photodynamic therapy with methylene blue affect the mechanical properties and bond strength of glass-fiber posts in different thirds of intraradicular dentin? Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020;30:101673.

Farklı Işığa Duyarlılaştırıcılar ile Uygulanan Foto Dinamik Terapinin Konvansiyonel İrrigasyon ile Karşılaştırılarak Dentin Sertliğine Etkisi

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: Suppl/2, 26 - 31, 29.12.2022

Cihan Küden

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.1199515
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, toluidin mavisi O (TBO), kurkumin (CUR) ve metilen mavisi (MB) ışığa duyarlılaştırıcılar kullanılarak yapılan fotodinamik tedavinin (PDT) kök kanal dentin mikrosertliği üzerindeki etkisini sodyum hipoklorit (NaOCl) + etilendiamin tetraasetik asit (EDTA) ile karşılaştırarak incelemektir.
Gereç ve yöntem: 100 adet insan premolar dişinin kök kanalları R25 eğesi (Reciproc; VDW, Münih, Almanya) ile şekillendirildi. Dişlerin çalışma uzunluğu, diş apeksinden 1 mm daha kısa tutularak #10 K-file kullanılarak belirlendi. Kök kanallarını hazırlamak için R25 eğesi kullanıldı. Her üç gagalama hareketinden sonra irrigasyon yapıldı ve toplam 10 mm distile su kullanıldı. Numuneler dezenfeksiyon yöntemine göre rastgele dağıtıldı; NaOCl+EDTA, TBO ile PDT, CUR ile PDT, MB ve distile su ile PDT (DS) (n=20). Hazırlanan dişlerin bukkal ve lingual yüzeylerine, dişin uzun eksenine paralel olacak şekilde, kök kanallarına dokunmadan oluklar hazırlandı. Bu oluklara yerleştirilen siman spatülü ile kökler iki parçaya bölündü. Kök kanal dentin mikrosertliği Vickers test yöntemi ile değerlendirildi. 15 saniye boyunca 300 g kuvvet uygulanarak üç ölçüm yapıldı ve ortalaması hesaplandı. Vickers sertlik değeri olarak kaydedildi. Veriler, tek yönlü ANOVA ve Dunnett'in post hoc testleri (α=0.05) kullanılarak analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Tüm ışığa duyarlılaştırıcı grupları, DS ve NaOCl + EDTA gruplarından önemli ölçüde daha yüksek mikrosertlik değeri gösterdi (p<0.05). Işığa duyarlılaştırıcı grupları arasında fark bulunmadı (p>0.05).
Sonuçlar: CUR ile PDT, en yüksek radiküler dentin mikrosertliği gösterdi.

Keywords

Kürkümin Mikrosertlik Fotodinamik Tedavi Işığa duyarlaştırıcılar

References

  • Saghiri MA, Delvarani A, Mehrvarzfar P, Malganji G, Lotfi M, Dadresanfar B et al. A study of the relation between erosion and microhardness of root canal dentin. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009;108:e29-e34.
  • Poggio C, Arciola CR, Dagna A, Florindi F, Chiesa M, Saino E et al. Photoactivated disinfection (PAD) in endodontics: an in vitro microbiological evaluation. Int J Artif Organs 2011;34:889-897.
  • Aktener BO and Bilkay U. Smear layer removal with different concentrations of EDTA-ethylenediamine mixtures. J Endod 1993;19:228-231.
  • Hennequin M, Pajot J, and Avignant D. Effects of different pH values of citric acid solutions on the calcium and phosphorus contents of human root dentin. J Endod 1994;20:551-554.
  • Rotstein I, Dankner E, Goldman A, Heling I, Stabholz A, and Zalkind M. Histochemical analysis of dental hard tissues following bleaching. J Endod 1996;22:23-26.
  • Garcez AS, Arantes-Neto JG, Sellera DP, and Fregnani ER. Effects of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and surgical endodontic treatment on the bacterial load reduction and periapical lesion healing. Three years follow up. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2015;12:575-580.
  • Chrepa V, Kotsakis GA, Pagonis TC, and Hargreaves KM. The Effect of Photodynamic Therapy in Root Canal Disinfection: A Systematic Review. J Endod 2014;40:891-898.
  • Gursoy H, Ozcakir-Tomruk C, Tanalp J, and Yılmaz S. Photodynamic therapy in dentistry: a literature review. Clin Oral Investig 2013;17:1113-1125.
  • Plotino G, Grande N, and Mercade M. Photodynamic therapy in endodontics. Int Endod J 2019;52:760-774.
  • Santezi C, Reina BD, and Dovigo LN. Curcumin-mediated Photodynamic Therapy for the treatment of oral infections—A review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018;21:409-415.
  • Alkahtany MF, Almadi KH, Sohail M, Alzahrani KM, Vohra F, and Abduljabbar T. Influence of adjunctive photodynamic therapy (curcumin) on the extrusion bond strength of radicular dentin to contemporary root canal sealers. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021;34:102341.
  • Sahyon HBS, da Silva PP, de Oliveira MS, Cintra LTA, Dezan-Júnior E, Gomes-Filho JE et al. Influence of curcumin photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy on the mechanical properties and push-out bond strength of glass-fiber posts to intraradicular dentin. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019;25:376-381.
  • Keskin G and Çiloğlu M. Efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and Er, Cr: YSGG laser-activated irrigation on dentinal tubule penetration of MTA-based root canal sealer: A confocal microscopy study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021;36:102584.
  • Prado M, Simão RA, and Gomes BP. Effect of different irrigation protocols on resin sealer bond strength to dentin. J Endod 2013;39:689-692.
  • Ok E, Ertas H, Saygili G, and Gok T. Effect of photo-activated disinfection on bond strength of three different root canal sealers. Eur J Dent 2014;8:085-089.
  • Souza MA, Padilha Rauber MG, Zuchi N, Bonacina LV, Ricci R, Dias CT et al. Influence of final irrigation protocols and endodontic sealer on bond strength of root filling material with root dentin previously treated with photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019;26:137-141.
  • Küden C and Karakaş SN. Photodynamic therapy and gaseous ozone versus conventional post space treatment methods on the push-out bond strength of fiber posts luting with different resin cements. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021;36:102586.
  • Bonsor S, Nichol R, Reid T, and Pearson G. An alternative regimen for root canal disinfection. Brit Dent J 2006;201:101-105.
  • Sahyon HBS, da Silva PP, de Oliveira MS, Cintra LTA, Gomes-Filho JE, Dos Santos PH et al. Effect of photodynamic therapy on the mechanical properties and bond strength of glass-fiber posts to endodontically treated intraradicular dentin. J Prosthet Dent 2018;120:317. e1-317. e7.
  • Saffarpour M, Abasalizadeh F, fathollahi Ms, and Chiniforush N. The in vitro effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with toluidine blue and indocyanine green on microleakage of class V cavities. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022:103005.
  • Stelzer R, Schaller H-G, and Gernhardt CR. Push-out bond strength of RealSeal SE and AH Plus after using different irrigation solutions. J Endod 2014;40:1654-1657.
  • Guedes APA, Moda MD, Suzuki TYU, Godas AGdL, Sundfeld RH, Briso ALF et al. Effect of fluoride-releasing adhesive systems on the mechanical properties of eroded dentin. Braz Dent J 2016;27:153-159.
  • Küden C and Karakaş SN. Güncel Dezenfektan Yöntemlerinin Kök Kanal Dentin Mikrosertliği Üzerine Etkisi. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilim Derg 2021;10:405-409.
  • Chun K, Choi H, and Lee J. Comparison of mechanical property and role between enamel and dentin in the human teeth. J Dent Biomechanics 2014;5.
  • Kreisler M, Kohnen W, Beck M, Al Haj H, Christoffers A, Götz H et al. Efficacy of NaOCl/H2O2 irrigation and GaAlAs laser in decontamination of root canals in vitro. Lasers Surg Med 2003;32:189-196.
  • Siqueira Jr JF, Rôças IN, Favieri A, and Lima KC. Chemomechanical reduction of the bacterial population in the root canal after instrumentation and irrigation with 1%, 2.5%, and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. J Endod 2000;26:331-334.
  • Ari H, Erdemir A, and Belli S. Evaluation of the effect of endodontic irrigation solutions on the microhardness and the roughness of root canal dentin. J Endod 2004;30:792-795.
  • Strazzi-Sahyon HB, Oliveira AKL, Carvalho AP, Figueiredo RB, Cintra LTA, Gomes-Filho JE et al. Influence of photodynamic therapy and intracanal medication on Martens hardness, elastic modulus and bond strength of glass-fiber posts to endodontically treated root dentin. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021;36:102571.
  • Ballal NV, Roy A, and Zehnder M. Effect of Sodium Hypochlorite Concentration in Continuous Chelation on Dislodgement Resistance of an Epoxy Resin and Hydraulic Calcium Silicate Sealer. Polymers 2021;13:3482.
  • Abuidris A, Abdelaziz SM, Roshdy NN, and Issa MY. Evaluation of the antibacterial efficacy of two herbals and their effect on dentin microhardness (A comparative in vitro study). Egypt Dent J 2020;66:2739-2750.
  • Baldasso FER, Roleto L, Silva VDd, Morgental RD, and Kopper PMP. Effect of final irrigation protocols on microhardness reduction and erosion of root canal dentin. Braz Oral Res 2017;31.
  • Zanin IC, Lobo MM, Rodrigues LK, Pimenta LA, Höfling JF, and Gonçalves RB. Photosensitization of in vitro biofilms by toluidine blue O combined with a light‐emitting diode. Eur J Oral Sci 2006;114:64-69.
  • Souza MA, Pazinatto B, Bischoff KF, Palhano HS, Cecchin D, and de Figueiredo JAP. Influence of ultrasonic activation over final irrigants in the removal of photosensitizer from root canal walls after photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017;17:216-220.
  • Alkhudhairy F, Naseem M, Ahmad ZH, Alnooh AN, and Vohra F. Influence of photobio-modulation with an Er, Cr: YSGG laser on dentin adhesion bonded with bioactive and resin-modified glass ionomer cement. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2019;17:2280800019880691.
  • Strazzi-Sahyon HB, de Oliveira MS, da Silva PP, Banci HA, de Melo FS, Martinez CMT et al. Does photodynamic therapy with methylene blue affect the mechanical properties and bond strength of glass-fiber posts in different thirds of intraradicular dentin? Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020;30:101673.
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Original Research Articles
Authors

Cihan Küden 0000-0002-2663-9828

Publication Date December 29, 2022
Submission Date November 7, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022Volume: 25 Issue: Suppl/2

Cite

EndNote Küden C (December 1, 2022) The Effect of Photodynamic Therapy Applied with Different Photosensitizers on Dentin Hardness in Comparison with Conventional Irrigation. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 25 Suppl/2 26–31.

Cited By

Effect of silver diamine fluoride combined with photodynamic therapy on primary enamel microhardness
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104274
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