Research Article
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A cross-sectional survey study on the use of communication methods in the dentist-geriatric patient relationship

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: 3, 230 - 238, 01.10.2022

Kübra Güler , Emine Pirim Görgün

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.1111262

Abstract

According to the data the World Health Organization (WHO) provides, the population has been aging more rapidly than in the past, and it has been reported that the number of people over the age of 60 exceeds the number of children under the age of 5. This demographic change has forced countries to plan their health systems with the aging population in mind. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to see and evaluate the attitudes of dentists and trainee dentists towards communication with patients they describe as "elderly" during their examination and treatment. This study applied a 25-item questionnaire on dentist-geriatric patient communication to 168 trainee dentists and 73 dentists in our faculty, including 4th and 5th-year students, residents, and faculty members. Sixteen items, the first 7 of which are "basic", include questions that examine the methods recommended by the American Medical Association in physician-patient communication and whether they find these methods effective. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 23.0, and a p-value of 0.05 is used as the cutoff for significance. Dentists routinely use an average of 4.6 of the 16 methods and 2.5 of the seven basic methods. While the most frequently used methods were “speaking slowly” and "using a simple language", the least was "using videos". Health literacy awareness and outcome expectancy were associated with the number of methods used. The number of routine use of the methods is quite low among dentists and trainee dentists. It has been observed that communication methods that would be effective in relationships with geriatric patients with low health literacy skills are not routinely used. It has been concluded that the communication methods that can be used effectively for communication with geriatric patients should be embedded into the dental curriculum.

Keywords

elderly communication delivery of health care health literacy dentistry for aged health services for the aged

References

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  • 29. Kao AC, Green DC, Davis NA, Koplan JP, Cleary PD. Patients’ Trust in Their Physicians: Effects of Choice, Continuity, and Payment Method. J Gen Intern Med. 1998;13(10):681.
  • 30. Muirhead VE, Marcenes W, Wright D. Do health provider-patient relationships matter? Exploring dentist-patient relationships and oral health-related quality of life in older people. Age Ageing. 2014;43(3):399-405.
  • 31. Asan O, Yu Z, Crotty BH. How clinician-patient communication affects trust in health information sources: Temporal trends from a national cross-sectional survey. PLoS One. 2021;16(2 February).
  • 32. Tarrant C, Stokes T, Baker R. Factors associated with patients’ trust in their general practitioner: a cross-sectional survey. 798 Br J Gen Pract. 2003.
  • 33. Hillen MA, De haes HCJM, Stalpers LJA, et al. How can communication by oncologists enhance patients’ trust? An experimental study. Ann Oncol. 2014;25(4):896-901.

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: 3, 230 - 238, 01.10.2022

Kübra Güler , Emine Pirim Görgün

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.1111262

Abstract

References

  • 1. Alvarez S, Schultz JH. A communication-focused curriculum for dental students - An experiential training approach. BMC Med Educ. 2018;18(1):143-147.
  • 2. Schiavo R. Health Communication: From Theory to Practice. 1st ed. John Wiley & Sons; 2007.
  • 3. Anderson R. Patient expectations of emergency dental services: A qualitative interview study. Br Dent J. 2004;197(6):331-334.
  • 4. Haskard Zolnierek KB, Dimatteo MR. Physician communication and patient adherence to treatment: A meta-analysis. Med Care. 2009;47(8):826-834.
  • 5. Ouchi Y, Rakugi H, Arai H, et al. Redefining the elderly as aged 75 years and older: Proposal from the Joint Committee of Japan Gerontological Society and the Japan Geriatrics Society. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2017;17(7):1045-1047.
  • 6. Ageing. https://www.who.int/health-topics/ageing#tab=tab_1. Accessed January 5, 2022.
  • 7. Koçak A, Bulduklu Y. Sağlık İletişimi: Yaşlıların Televizyonda Yayınlanan Sağlık Programlarını İzleme Motivasyonları. Selçuk İletişim. 2013;6(3):5-17.
  • 8. Okyay P, Abacıgil F, eds. Türkiye Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçekleri Güvenilirlik ve Geçerlilik Çalışması. Ankara: T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı; 2016.
  • 9. Rozier GR, Horowitz AM, Podschun G. Dentist-patient communication techniques used in the United States: The results of a national survey. J Am Dent Assoc. 2011;142(5):518-530.
  • 10. Schwartzberg JG, Cowett A, VanGeest J, Wolf MS. Communication techniques for patients with low health literacy: A survey of physicians, nurses, and pharmacists. Am J Health Behav. 2007;31(SUPPL. 1).
  • 11. Koo LW, Horowitz AM, Radice SD, Wang MQ, Kleinman D V. Nurse practitioners’ use of communication techniques: Results of a Maryland oral health literacy survey. PLoS One. 2016;11(1):1-16.
  • 12. Weatherspoon J, Horowitz AM, Kleinman D V., Wang MQ. The use of recommended communication techniques by maryland family physicians and pediatricians. PLoS One. 2015;10(4):1-16.
  • 13. Walker D, Howe C. The AMA Communication Techniques Survey: A Psychometric Analysis. HLRP Heal Lit Res Pract. 2017;1(4):208-215.
  • 14. Truluck JE, Courtenay BC. Learning style preferences among older adults. Educ Gerontol. 2010;25(3):221-236.
  • 15. Gramss D, Struve D. Instructional videos for supporting older adults who use interactive systems. Educ Gerontol. 2009;35(2):164-176.
  • 16. Merkt M, Weigand S, Heier A, Schwan S. Learning with videos vs. learning with print: The role of interactive features. Learn Instr. 2011;21(6):687-704.
  • 17. Williams DM. Outcome expectancy and self-efficacy: Theoretical implications of an unresolved contradiction. Personal Soc Psychol Rev. 2010;14(4):417-425.
  • 18. Salomon G. Communication and education: Social and psychological interactions. People Commun. 1981;Vol 13:9-271.
  • 19. Morreale SP, Pearson JC. Why communication education is important: The centrality of the discipline in the 21st century. Commun Educ. 2008;57(2):224-240.
  • 20. Nancy S, Dongre AR. Behavior change communication: Past, present, and future. Indian J Community Med. 2021;46(2):186-190.
  • 21. Hannah A, Millichamp CJ, Ayers KMS. A Communication Skills Course for Undergraduate Dental Students. J Dent Educ. 2004;68(9):970-977.
  • 22. Sangappa SB, Tekian A. Communication Skills Course in an Indian Undergraduate Dental Curriculum: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Dent Educ. 2013;77(8):1092-1098.
  • 23. Berry M, Rodrigues V, Evans JL, de Souza MI de C, Reher V. Design of a communication skills course in dentistry: Applying active-learning strategies to improve educational outcomes. Eur J Dent Educ. 2021.
  • 24. MacDonald-Wicks L, Levett-Jones T. Effective teaching of communication to health professional undergraduate and postgraduate students: A Systematic Review. JBI Libr Syst Rev. 2012;10(28):1-12.
  • 25. Liu C, Wang D, Liu C, et al. What is the meaning of health literacy? A systematic review and qualitative synthesis. Fam Med Community Heal. 2020;8(2):e000351.
  • 26. Sağlığın Teşviki ve Geliştirilmesi Sözlüğü. Ankara: T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı; 2011.
  • 27. McDonald M, Shenkman LJ. Health Literacy and Health Outcomes of Adults in the United States: Implications for Providers. Internet J Allied Heal Sci Pract. 2018;16(4):2.
  • 28. Wehmeyer MMH, Corwin CL, Guthmiller JM, Lee JY. The impact of oral health literacy on periodontal health status. J Public Health Dent. 2014;74(1):80-87.
  • 29. Kao AC, Green DC, Davis NA, Koplan JP, Cleary PD. Patients’ Trust in Their Physicians: Effects of Choice, Continuity, and Payment Method. J Gen Intern Med. 1998;13(10):681.
  • 30. Muirhead VE, Marcenes W, Wright D. Do health provider-patient relationships matter? Exploring dentist-patient relationships and oral health-related quality of life in older people. Age Ageing. 2014;43(3):399-405.
  • 31. Asan O, Yu Z, Crotty BH. How clinician-patient communication affects trust in health information sources: Temporal trends from a national cross-sectional survey. PLoS One. 2021;16(2 February).
  • 32. Tarrant C, Stokes T, Baker R. Factors associated with patients’ trust in their general practitioner: a cross-sectional survey. 798 Br J Gen Pract. 2003.
  • 33. Hillen MA, De haes HCJM, Stalpers LJA, et al. How can communication by oncologists enhance patients’ trust? An experimental study. Ann Oncol. 2014;25(4):896-901.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Original Research Articles
Authors

Kübra Güler 0000-0003-2032-6203

Emine Pirim Görgün 0000-0002-8867-1663

Publication Date October 1, 2022
Submission Date May 10, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022Volume: 25 Issue: 3

Cite

EndNote Güler K, Pirim Görgün E (October 1, 2022) A cross-sectional survey study on the use of communication methods in the dentist-geriatric patient relationship. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 25 3 230–238.
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