Abstract
References
- 1. Armfield JM, Mejia GC, Jamieson LM. Socioeconomic and psychosocial correlates of oral health. International dental journal 2013;63: 202-9.
- 2. Pieper K, Dressler S, Heinzel-Gutenbrunner M, Neuhauser A, Krecker M, Wunderlich K, et al. The influence of social status on pre-school children's eating habits, caries experience and caries prevention behavior. International journal of public health 2012;57: 207-15.
- 3. Chu CH, Fung DS, Lo EC. Dental caries status of preschool children in hong kong. British dental journal 1999;187: 616-20; discussion 05.
- 4. Schroder U, Granath L. Dietary habits and oral hygiene as predictors of caries in 3-year-old children. Community dentistry and oral epidemiology 1983;11: 308-11.
- 5. Nelson-Filho P, Faria G, da Silva RA, Rossi MA, Ito IY. Evaluation of the contamination and disinfection methods of toothbrushes used by 24- to 48-month-old children. Journal of dentistry for children 2006;73: 152-8.
- 6. Nelson Filho P, Macari S, Faria G, Assed S, Ito IY. Microbial contamination of toothbrushes and their decontamination. Pediatric dentistry 2000;22: 381-4.
- 7. Kennedy HF, Morrison D, Tomlinson D, Gibson BE, Bagg J, Gemmell CG. Gingivitis and toothbrushes: Potential roles in viridans streptococcal bacteraemia. The Journal of infection 2003;46: 67-70.
- 8. Glass RT, Carson SR, Barker RL, Peiper SC, Shapiro S. Detection of hiv proviral DNA on toothbrushes: A preliminary study. Journal - Oklahoma Dental Association 1994;84: 17-20.
- 9. Nascimento AP, Watanabe E, Ito IY. Toothbrush contamination by candida spp. And efficacy of mouthrinse spray for their disinfection. Mycopathologia 2010;169: 133-8.
- 10. Bunetel L, Tricot-Doleux S, Agnani G, Bonnaure-Mallet M. In vitro evaluation of the retention of three species of pathogenic microorganisms by three different types of toothbrush. Oral microbiology and immunology 2000;15: 313-6.
- 11. Saravia ME, Nelson-Filho P, da Silva RA, Faria G, Rossi MA, Ito IY. Viability of streptococcus mutans toothbrush bristles. Journal of dentistry for children 2008;75: 29-32.
- 12. Kozai K, Iwai T, Miura K. Residual contamination of toothbrushes by microorganisms. ASDC journal of dentistry for children 1989;56: 201-4.
- 13. Hammond K, Watson GK, Huntington E, Raven SJ, Verran J, LeahyGilmartin A. Microbial contamination of toothbrushes: Effect of usage period. J Dent Res 1997;76: 3390-90.
- 14. Verran J, LeahyGilmartin A, Watson GK, Hammond K, Huntington E, Raven SJ. Microbial contamination of toothbrushes during an in-home trial. J Dent Res 1997;76: 3391-91.
- 15. Nelson P, da Silva LAB, da Silva RAB, da Silva LL, Ferreira PDF, Ito IY. Efficacy of microwaves and chlorhexidine on the disinfection of pacifiers and toothbrushes: An in vitro study. Pediatric dentistry 2011;33: 10-13.
- 16. Chu CH, Ho PL, Lo EC. Oral health status and behaviours of preschool children in hong kong. BMC public health 2012;12: 767.
- 17. Creedon MI, O'Mullane DM. Factors affecting caries levels amongst 5-year-old children in county kerry, ireland. Community dental health 2001;18: 72-8.
- 18. Paunio P, Rautava P, Helenius H, Alanen P, Sillanpaa M. The finnish family competence study: The relationship between caries, dental health habits and general health in 3-year-old finnish children. Caries research 1993;27: 154-60.
- 19. Febres C, Echeverri EA, Keene HJ. Parental awareness, habits, and social factors and their relationship to baby bottle tooth decay. Pediatric dentistry 1997;19: 22-7.
- 20. Armfield JM. High caries children in australia: A 'tail' of caries distribution. Australian dental journal 2005;50: 204-6.
- 21. Borges HC, Garbin CA, Saliba O, Saliba NA, Moimaz SA. Socio-behavioral factors influence prevalence and severity of dental caries in children with primary dentition. Brazilian oral research 2012;26: 564-70.
- 22. Christensen LB, Petersen PE, Hede B. Oral health in children in denmark under different public dental health care schemes. Community dental health 2010;27: 94-101.
- 23. Quirynen M, De Soete M, Pauwels M, Gizani S, Van Meerbeek B, van Steenberghe D. Can toothpaste or a toothbrush with antibacterial tufts prevent toothbrush contamination? Journal of periodontology 2003;74: 312-22.
- 24. Neal PR, Rippin JW. The efficacy of a toothbrush disinfectant spray--an in vitro study. Journal of dentistry 2003;31: 153-7.
- 25. Basic brushing. In: Assocation AD, editor: ADA. Chicago III, 1984.
- 26. Yokosuka N, Tanaka T, Ebisudani K, Iwai T. [studies on bacterial contamination of chlorhexidine coated filaments of the toothbrush]. Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai kaishi 1989;31: 960-9.
- 27. Caudry SD, Klitorinos A, Chan EC. Contaminated toothbrushes and their disinfection. Journal 1995;61: 511-6.
- 28. Turner LA, McCombs GB, Hynes WL, Tolle SL. A novel approach to controlling bacterial contamination on toothbrushes: Chlorhexidine coating. International journal of dental hygiene 2009;7: 241-5.
THE EVALUATION OF Streptococcus Mutans COLONIZATION IN PRIVATE SCHOOL NURSERY-KINDERGARTEN CHILDREN's TOOTHBRUSH AT DIYARBAKIR REGION
Abstract
AIM: Disinfection of the toothbrush is an essential parameter for oral hygiene. As a result, especially children can not clean their toothbrushes sufficiently after brushing their teeth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accumulation level of Streptococcus mutans colonization at private school nursery-kindergarten children's toothbrushes and evaluate the effectiveness of chlorhexidine solution in four weeks for disinfection.
METHODS: This study was approved by the local ethics committee. Two hundred thirty-four private school nursery-kindergarten children were selected for this study, who's aged between 24-72 months. These selected children for this study did not have any dental, antibiotic, antimycotic treatment in the last three months. Before the study, a survey was conducted about parents' education, employment, the income. A pediatric dentist made an oral examination of these children, dental caries, fillings, and missing teeth were determined. Children were divided into two groups; toothbrushes, toothpaste, and practical solutions distilled water and %0,12 chlorhexidine gluconate solution was given in a bottle for four weeks. In addition, the toothbrushes of children were collected every week. After incubation, Streptococcus mutans colonization was evaluated under stereomicroscope. All the collected data were statistically evaluated.
RESULTS: The DMF-T scores were statistically significant when evaluated with parents' education and income (p<0,05), but there was no statistical relationship between parents' employment and DMF-T scores (p0,05). Streptococcus mutans colony reduction at the Chlorhexidine group was statistically significant (p<0,05).
CONCLUSION: From the first brushing, toothbrushes can be contaminated with bacteria. If the toothbrushes are not clean sufficiently, the bacteria taken from the oral environment have a chance to form a colony on the toothbrushes with the effect of moisture. In addition, Streptococcus Mutans is a bacteria that can stay on toothbrushes and cause re-infection. This study shows that toothbrush disinfection is essential to prevent bacteria from re-infection and contamination of oral flora.
References
- 1. Armfield JM, Mejia GC, Jamieson LM. Socioeconomic and psychosocial correlates of oral health. International dental journal 2013;63: 202-9.
- 2. Pieper K, Dressler S, Heinzel-Gutenbrunner M, Neuhauser A, Krecker M, Wunderlich K, et al. The influence of social status on pre-school children's eating habits, caries experience and caries prevention behavior. International journal of public health 2012;57: 207-15.
- 3. Chu CH, Fung DS, Lo EC. Dental caries status of preschool children in hong kong. British dental journal 1999;187: 616-20; discussion 05.
- 4. Schroder U, Granath L. Dietary habits and oral hygiene as predictors of caries in 3-year-old children. Community dentistry and oral epidemiology 1983;11: 308-11.
- 5. Nelson-Filho P, Faria G, da Silva RA, Rossi MA, Ito IY. Evaluation of the contamination and disinfection methods of toothbrushes used by 24- to 48-month-old children. Journal of dentistry for children 2006;73: 152-8.
- 6. Nelson Filho P, Macari S, Faria G, Assed S, Ito IY. Microbial contamination of toothbrushes and their decontamination. Pediatric dentistry 2000;22: 381-4.
- 7. Kennedy HF, Morrison D, Tomlinson D, Gibson BE, Bagg J, Gemmell CG. Gingivitis and toothbrushes: Potential roles in viridans streptococcal bacteraemia. The Journal of infection 2003;46: 67-70.
- 8. Glass RT, Carson SR, Barker RL, Peiper SC, Shapiro S. Detection of hiv proviral DNA on toothbrushes: A preliminary study. Journal - Oklahoma Dental Association 1994;84: 17-20.
- 9. Nascimento AP, Watanabe E, Ito IY. Toothbrush contamination by candida spp. And efficacy of mouthrinse spray for their disinfection. Mycopathologia 2010;169: 133-8.
- 10. Bunetel L, Tricot-Doleux S, Agnani G, Bonnaure-Mallet M. In vitro evaluation of the retention of three species of pathogenic microorganisms by three different types of toothbrush. Oral microbiology and immunology 2000;15: 313-6.
- 11. Saravia ME, Nelson-Filho P, da Silva RA, Faria G, Rossi MA, Ito IY. Viability of streptococcus mutans toothbrush bristles. Journal of dentistry for children 2008;75: 29-32.
- 12. Kozai K, Iwai T, Miura K. Residual contamination of toothbrushes by microorganisms. ASDC journal of dentistry for children 1989;56: 201-4.
- 13. Hammond K, Watson GK, Huntington E, Raven SJ, Verran J, LeahyGilmartin A. Microbial contamination of toothbrushes: Effect of usage period. J Dent Res 1997;76: 3390-90.
- 14. Verran J, LeahyGilmartin A, Watson GK, Hammond K, Huntington E, Raven SJ. Microbial contamination of toothbrushes during an in-home trial. J Dent Res 1997;76: 3391-91.
- 15. Nelson P, da Silva LAB, da Silva RAB, da Silva LL, Ferreira PDF, Ito IY. Efficacy of microwaves and chlorhexidine on the disinfection of pacifiers and toothbrushes: An in vitro study. Pediatric dentistry 2011;33: 10-13.
- 16. Chu CH, Ho PL, Lo EC. Oral health status and behaviours of preschool children in hong kong. BMC public health 2012;12: 767.
- 17. Creedon MI, O'Mullane DM. Factors affecting caries levels amongst 5-year-old children in county kerry, ireland. Community dental health 2001;18: 72-8.
- 18. Paunio P, Rautava P, Helenius H, Alanen P, Sillanpaa M. The finnish family competence study: The relationship between caries, dental health habits and general health in 3-year-old finnish children. Caries research 1993;27: 154-60.
- 19. Febres C, Echeverri EA, Keene HJ. Parental awareness, habits, and social factors and their relationship to baby bottle tooth decay. Pediatric dentistry 1997;19: 22-7.
- 20. Armfield JM. High caries children in australia: A 'tail' of caries distribution. Australian dental journal 2005;50: 204-6.
- 21. Borges HC, Garbin CA, Saliba O, Saliba NA, Moimaz SA. Socio-behavioral factors influence prevalence and severity of dental caries in children with primary dentition. Brazilian oral research 2012;26: 564-70.
- 22. Christensen LB, Petersen PE, Hede B. Oral health in children in denmark under different public dental health care schemes. Community dental health 2010;27: 94-101.
- 23. Quirynen M, De Soete M, Pauwels M, Gizani S, Van Meerbeek B, van Steenberghe D. Can toothpaste or a toothbrush with antibacterial tufts prevent toothbrush contamination? Journal of periodontology 2003;74: 312-22.
- 24. Neal PR, Rippin JW. The efficacy of a toothbrush disinfectant spray--an in vitro study. Journal of dentistry 2003;31: 153-7.
- 25. Basic brushing. In: Assocation AD, editor: ADA. Chicago III, 1984.
- 26. Yokosuka N, Tanaka T, Ebisudani K, Iwai T. [studies on bacterial contamination of chlorhexidine coated filaments of the toothbrush]. Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai kaishi 1989;31: 960-9.
- 27. Caudry SD, Klitorinos A, Chan EC. Contaminated toothbrushes and their disinfection. Journal 1995;61: 511-6.
- 28. Turner LA, McCombs GB, Hynes WL, Tolle SL. A novel approach to controlling bacterial contamination on toothbrushes: Chlorhexidine coating. International journal of dental hygiene 2009;7: 241-5.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Original Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 25, 2022 |
| Submission Date | December 10, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022Volume: 25 Issue: Supplement |
Cumhuriyet Dental Journal (Cumhuriyet Dent J, CDJ) is the official publication of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry. CDJ is an international journal dedicated to the latest advancement of dentistry. The aim of this journal is to provide a platform for scientists and academicians all over the world to promote, share, and discuss various new issues and developments in different areas of dentistry. First issue of the Journal of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry was published in 1998. In 2010, journal's name was changed as Cumhuriyet Dental Journal. Journal’s publication language is English.
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