Research Article
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Antibiofilm Evaluation of Two Different Denture Liners Incorporated with Zirconium Oxide Nanoparticles

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: 1, 9 - 19, 25.03.2022

Gulfem Ergun , Ayşe Seda Ataol , Zeynep Şahin , Nurdan Saraç , Tuba Baygar , Aysel Uğur

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.970931
Cited By: 2

Abstract

Abstract
Objectives: This in vitro study was purposed to examine the effects of incorporation nano-ZrO2 on antibiofilm activity, glucose sorption, weight change, and surface roughness of two different types of denture liners.
Materials and Methods: Modified nano-ZrO2 were added to silicone-based and acrylic resin-based prosthetic lining materials at two different concentrations (0.5% and 1%). The antibiofilm potentials of test groups against Candida albicans (C. albicans), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) method. Surface roughness, weight change, and glucose sorption of denture liners were also evaluated after modifying with nano-ZrO2.
Results: According to the antibiofilm activity results, 1% nano-ZrO2 addition to silicon-based and acrylic resin-based denture liners resulted in 16.48% and 13.39% of biofilm inhibition for S. aureus, respectively. 1% nano-ZrO2 addition to silicon-based denture liners also inhibited the S. mutans biofilm formation at an 8.16% rate. Nano-ZrO2 addition to the test groups had no inhibition effect on C. albicans biofilm formation. Surface roughness decreased significantly once nano-ZrO2 was added in tissue conditioner test groups (p=0.012), however, the addition of 0.5% nano-ZrO2 increased soft denture liner test group significantly (p<0.001).
Conclusions: To overcome the microbial biofilm problems (especially against S. aureus and S. mutans) caused by the use of denture liners, addition of nano-ZrO2 might be a promising agent with its antibiofilm capacities.

Keywords

biofilms denture liners glucose nanoparticles zirconium oxide

Supporting Institution

Mersin University

Project Number

2017-1-AP3-2181

Thanks

The authors would like to thank the Mersin University Scientific Research Projects Commission, which supported our study financially.

References

  • Nowakowska-Toporowska A, Raszewski Z, Wieckiewicz W. Color change of soft silicone relining materials after storage in artificial saliva. J Prosthet Dent 2016; 115:377-380.
  • Das G, Khokhar M, Naeem S, Baloch R. Comparison of solubility and water sorption of two different soft lining material. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2018; 30:175-179.
  • Kasuga Y, Takahashi H, Akiba N, Minakuchi S, Matsushita N, Hishimoto M. Basic evaluation on physical properties of experimental fluorinated soft lining materials. Dent Mater J 2011; 30:45-51.
  • Salloum AM. Effect of 5.25 % sodium hypochlorite on color stability of acrylic and silicone based soft liners and a denture base acrylic resin. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2014; 14:179-186.
  • Garcia RM, Léon BT, Oliveira VB, Del Bel Cury AA. Effect of a denture cleanser on weight, surface roughness, and tensile bond strength of two resilient denture liners. J Prosthet Dent 2003; 89:489-494.
  • Rodrigues S, Shenoy V, Shetty T. Resilient liners: a review. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2013; 13:155-164.
  • Maciel JG, Sugio CYC, de Campos Chaves G, Procópio ALF, Urban VM, Neppelenbroek KH. Determining acceptable limits for water sorption and solubility of interim denture resilient liners. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 121:311-316.
  • Gupta P, Ariga P, Deogade SC. Effect of monopoly-coating agent on the surface roughness of a tissue conditioner subjected to cleansing and disinfection: a contact profilometric in vitro study. Contemp Clin Dent 2018; 9:122-126.
  • Niarchou A, Ntala P, Pantopoulos A, Polyzois G, Frangou M. Effect of immersion cleansing in color stability and hardness of soft denture reliners. J Craniofac Surg 2012; 23:426-429.
  • Hashem MI. Advances in soft denture liners: an update. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015; 16:314-318.
  • Garg A, Shenoy KK. A comparative evaluation of effect on water sorption and solubility of a temporary soft denture liner material when stored either in distilled water, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite or artificial saliva: An in vitro study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2016; 16:53-62.
  • Hayakawa I, Akiba N, Keh E, Kasuga Y. Physical properties of a new denture lining material containing a fluoroalkyl methacrylate polymer. J Prosthet Dent 2006; 96:53-58.
  • Chladek G, Kasperski J, Barszczewska-Rybarek I, Zmudzki J. Sorption, solubility, bond strength and hardness of denture soft lining incorporated with silver nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 14:563-574.
  • Vieira AP, Senna PM, Silva WJ, Del Bel Cury AA. Long-term efficacy of denture cleansers in preventing candida spp. biofilm recolonization on liner surface. Braz Oral Res 2010; 24:342-348.
  • Baygar T, Ugur A, Sarac N, Balci U, Ergun G. Functional denture soft liner with antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties. J Dent Sci 2018; 13:213-219.
  • Urban VM, Lima TF, Bueno MG, Giannini M, Arioli Filho JN, de Almeida AL, Neppelenbroek KH. Effect of the addition of antimicrobial agents on Shore A hardness and roughness of soft lining materials. J Prosthodont 2015; 24:207-214.
  • Usta Kutlu I, Yanikoglu ND, Kul E, Duymuş ZY, Sagsoz NP. Effect of sealer coating and storage methods on the surface roughness of soft liners. J Prosthet Dent 2016; 115:371-376. Altinci P, Mutluay M, Soderling E, Tezvergil-Mutluay A. Antimicrobial efficacy and mechanical properties of BAC-modified hard and soft denture liners. Odontology 2018; 106:83-89.
  • Alcântara CS, Macêdo AF, Gurgel BC, Jorge JH, Neppelenbroek KH, Urban VM. Peel bond strength of resilient liner modified by the addition of antimicrobial agents to denture base acrylic resin. J Appl Oral Sci 2012; 20:607-612.
  • Uchimaru M, Sakai T, Moroi R, Shiota S, Shibata Y, Deguchi M, Sakai H, Yamashita Y, Terada Y. Antimicrobial and antifungal effects of tissue conditioners containing a photocatalyst. Dent Mater J 2011; 30:691-699.
  • Nam KY. In vitro antimicrobial effect of the tissue conditioner containing silver nanoparticles. J Adv Prosthodont 2011; 3:20-24.
  • Iqbal Z, Zafar MS. Role of antifungal medicaments added to tissue conditioners: A systematic review. J Prosthodont Res 2016; 60:231-239.
  • Kokila T, Ramesh PS, Geetha D. Biosynthesis of AgNPs using Carica Papaya peel extract and evaluation of its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2016; 134:467-473.
  • Ergun G, Sahin Z, Ataol AS. The effects of adding various ratios of zirconium oxide nanoparticles to poly (methyl methacrylate) on physical and mechanical properties. J Oral Sci 2018; 60:304-315.
  • Chen R, Han Z, Huang Z, Karki J, Wang C, Zhu B, Zhang X. Antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity and mechanical behavior of nano-enhanced denture base resin with different kinds of inorganic antibacterial agents. Dent Mater J 2017; 36:693-699.
  • Ihab NS. Evaluation the effect of modified nano-fillers addition on some properties of heat cured acrylic denture base material. J Bagh Coll Dent 2011; 23:23-29. Gad MM, Rahoma A, Al-Thobity AM, Arrejaie AS. Influence of incorporation of ZrO2 nanoparticles on the repair strength of polymethyl methacrylate denture bases. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:5633-5643.
  • Gad MM, Al-Thobity AM, Shahin SY, Alsaqer BT, Ali AA. Inhibitory effect of zirconium oxide nanoparticles on Candida albicans adhesion to repaired polymethyl methacrylate denture bases and interim removable prostheses: a new approach for denture stomatitis prevention. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:5409-5419.
  • Gowri S, Gandhi RR, Sundrarajan M. Structural, optical, antibacterial and antifungal properties of zirconia nanoparticles by biobased protocol. J Mater Sci Technol 2014; 30:782-790.
  • Jangra SL, Stalin K, Dilbaghi N, Kumar S, Tawale J, Singh SP, Pasricha R. Antimicrobial activity of zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles and zirconium complexes. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2012; 12:7105-7112.
  • Jabłońska-Stencel E, Pakieła W, Mertas A, Bobela E, Kasperski J, Chladek G. Effect of silver-emitting filler on antimicrobial and mechanical properties of soft denture lining material. Materials 2018; 11:318.
  • Lima JF, Maciel JG, Arrais CA, Porto VC, Urban VM, Neppelenbroek KH. Effect of incorporating antifungals on the water sorption and solubility of interim resilient liners for denture base relining. J Prosthet Dent 2016; 115:611-616.
  • Boscato N, Radavelli A, Faccio D, Loguercio AD. Biofilm formation of Candida albicans on the surface of a soft denture-lining material. Gerodontology 2009; 26:210-213.
  • Rodger G, Taylor RL, Pearson GJ, Verran J. In vitro colonization of an experimental silicone by Candida albicans. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2010; 92:226-35.
  • Yasser AD, Abdul Fatah N. The effect of addition of zirconium nano particles on antifungal activity and some properties of soft denture lining material. J Bagh Coll Dent 2017; 325:1-6.
  • Muttagi S, Subramanya JK. Effect of incorporating seed oils on the antifungal property, surface roughness, wettability, weight change, and glucose sorption of a soft liner. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 117:178-185.
  • Yanikoglu N, Yeşil Duymus Z. Evaluation of the solubility of dental cements in artificial saliva of different pH values. Dent Mater J 2007; 26:62-67.
  • Bueno MG, Urban VM, Barbério GS, da Silva WJ, Porto VC, Pinto L, Neppelenbroek KH. Effect of antimicrobial agents incorporated into resilient denture relines on the Candida albicans biofilm. Oral Dis 2015; 21:57-65.
  • Badaró MM, Leite-Fernandes VMF, Martin LT, Oliveira VC, Watanabe E, Paranhos HFO, Silva-Lovato CH. Antibiofilm activity of an experimental ricinus communis dentifrice on soft denture liners. Braz Dent J 2019; 30:252-258.
  • de Castro DT, Valente ML, da Silva CH, Watanabe E, Siqueira RL, Schiavon Ma, Alves OL, Dos Reis AC. Evaluation of antibiofilm and mechanical properties of new nanocomposites based on acrylic resins and silver vanadate nanoparticles. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 67:46-53.
  • Garcia IM, Rodrigues SB, Rodrigues Gama ME, Branco Leitune VC, Melo MA, Collares FM. Guanidine derivative inhibits C. albicans biofilm growth on denture liner without promote loss of materials' resistance. Bioact Mater 2020; 5:228-232.
  • de Moraes AP, Barwaldt CK, Nunes TZ, Sarkis-Onofre R, Ogliari FA, Boscato N, Pereira-Cenci T. Effect of triazine derivative added to denture materials on a microcosm biofilm model. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2012; 100:1328-1333.
  • Koroglu A, Sahin O, Kurkcuoglu I, Dede DO, Ozdemir T, Hazer B. Silver nanoparticle incorporation effect on mechanical and thermal properties of denture base acrylic resins. J Appl Oral Sci 2016; 24:590-596.
  • Brown V, Sexton JA, Johnston M. A glucose sensor in Candida albicans. Eukaryot Cell 2006; 5:1726-1737.
  • Sabina J, Brown V. Glucose sensing network in Candida albicans: a sweet spot for fungal morphogenesis. Eukaryot Cell 2009; 8:1314-1320.
  • Mancuso DN, Goiato MC, Zuccolotti BC, Moreno A, Dos Santos DM, Pesqueira AA. Effect of thermocycling on hardness, absorption, solubility and colour change of soft liners. Gerodontology 2012; 29:215-219.
  • Hoshino Y, Nakajima H, Akiba N, Hibino Y, Nagasawa Y, Sumi Y, Minakuchi S. Effect of composition of experimental fluorinated soft lining materials on bond strength to denture base resin. Dent Mater J 2014; 5:621-630.
  • Luna Malheiros-Segundo A, Pisani MX, Paranhos HDFO, de Souza RF. Effect of a denture cleanser on hardness, roughness and tensile bond strength of denture liners. Braz J Oral Sci 2008; 7:1596-1601.
  • Boscato N, Delavi JD, Muller L, Pereira-Cenci T, Imanishi SW. Influence of varnish application on a tissue conditioner: analysis of biofilm adhesion. Gerodontology 2010; 27:207-210.

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: 1, 9 - 19, 25.03.2022

Gulfem Ergun , Ayşe Seda Ataol , Zeynep Şahin , Nurdan Saraç , Tuba Baygar , Aysel Uğur

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.970931
Cited By: 2

Abstract

Project Number

2017-1-AP3-2181

References

  • Nowakowska-Toporowska A, Raszewski Z, Wieckiewicz W. Color change of soft silicone relining materials after storage in artificial saliva. J Prosthet Dent 2016; 115:377-380.
  • Das G, Khokhar M, Naeem S, Baloch R. Comparison of solubility and water sorption of two different soft lining material. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2018; 30:175-179.
  • Kasuga Y, Takahashi H, Akiba N, Minakuchi S, Matsushita N, Hishimoto M. Basic evaluation on physical properties of experimental fluorinated soft lining materials. Dent Mater J 2011; 30:45-51.
  • Salloum AM. Effect of 5.25 % sodium hypochlorite on color stability of acrylic and silicone based soft liners and a denture base acrylic resin. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2014; 14:179-186.
  • Garcia RM, Léon BT, Oliveira VB, Del Bel Cury AA. Effect of a denture cleanser on weight, surface roughness, and tensile bond strength of two resilient denture liners. J Prosthet Dent 2003; 89:489-494.
  • Rodrigues S, Shenoy V, Shetty T. Resilient liners: a review. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2013; 13:155-164.
  • Maciel JG, Sugio CYC, de Campos Chaves G, Procópio ALF, Urban VM, Neppelenbroek KH. Determining acceptable limits for water sorption and solubility of interim denture resilient liners. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 121:311-316.
  • Gupta P, Ariga P, Deogade SC. Effect of monopoly-coating agent on the surface roughness of a tissue conditioner subjected to cleansing and disinfection: a contact profilometric in vitro study. Contemp Clin Dent 2018; 9:122-126.
  • Niarchou A, Ntala P, Pantopoulos A, Polyzois G, Frangou M. Effect of immersion cleansing in color stability and hardness of soft denture reliners. J Craniofac Surg 2012; 23:426-429.
  • Hashem MI. Advances in soft denture liners: an update. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015; 16:314-318.
  • Garg A, Shenoy KK. A comparative evaluation of effect on water sorption and solubility of a temporary soft denture liner material when stored either in distilled water, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite or artificial saliva: An in vitro study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2016; 16:53-62.
  • Hayakawa I, Akiba N, Keh E, Kasuga Y. Physical properties of a new denture lining material containing a fluoroalkyl methacrylate polymer. J Prosthet Dent 2006; 96:53-58.
  • Chladek G, Kasperski J, Barszczewska-Rybarek I, Zmudzki J. Sorption, solubility, bond strength and hardness of denture soft lining incorporated with silver nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 14:563-574.
  • Vieira AP, Senna PM, Silva WJ, Del Bel Cury AA. Long-term efficacy of denture cleansers in preventing candida spp. biofilm recolonization on liner surface. Braz Oral Res 2010; 24:342-348.
  • Baygar T, Ugur A, Sarac N, Balci U, Ergun G. Functional denture soft liner with antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties. J Dent Sci 2018; 13:213-219.
  • Urban VM, Lima TF, Bueno MG, Giannini M, Arioli Filho JN, de Almeida AL, Neppelenbroek KH. Effect of the addition of antimicrobial agents on Shore A hardness and roughness of soft lining materials. J Prosthodont 2015; 24:207-214.
  • Usta Kutlu I, Yanikoglu ND, Kul E, Duymuş ZY, Sagsoz NP. Effect of sealer coating and storage methods on the surface roughness of soft liners. J Prosthet Dent 2016; 115:371-376. Altinci P, Mutluay M, Soderling E, Tezvergil-Mutluay A. Antimicrobial efficacy and mechanical properties of BAC-modified hard and soft denture liners. Odontology 2018; 106:83-89.
  • Alcântara CS, Macêdo AF, Gurgel BC, Jorge JH, Neppelenbroek KH, Urban VM. Peel bond strength of resilient liner modified by the addition of antimicrobial agents to denture base acrylic resin. J Appl Oral Sci 2012; 20:607-612.
  • Uchimaru M, Sakai T, Moroi R, Shiota S, Shibata Y, Deguchi M, Sakai H, Yamashita Y, Terada Y. Antimicrobial and antifungal effects of tissue conditioners containing a photocatalyst. Dent Mater J 2011; 30:691-699.
  • Nam KY. In vitro antimicrobial effect of the tissue conditioner containing silver nanoparticles. J Adv Prosthodont 2011; 3:20-24.
  • Iqbal Z, Zafar MS. Role of antifungal medicaments added to tissue conditioners: A systematic review. J Prosthodont Res 2016; 60:231-239.
  • Kokila T, Ramesh PS, Geetha D. Biosynthesis of AgNPs using Carica Papaya peel extract and evaluation of its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2016; 134:467-473.
  • Ergun G, Sahin Z, Ataol AS. The effects of adding various ratios of zirconium oxide nanoparticles to poly (methyl methacrylate) on physical and mechanical properties. J Oral Sci 2018; 60:304-315.
  • Chen R, Han Z, Huang Z, Karki J, Wang C, Zhu B, Zhang X. Antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity and mechanical behavior of nano-enhanced denture base resin with different kinds of inorganic antibacterial agents. Dent Mater J 2017; 36:693-699.
  • Ihab NS. Evaluation the effect of modified nano-fillers addition on some properties of heat cured acrylic denture base material. J Bagh Coll Dent 2011; 23:23-29. Gad MM, Rahoma A, Al-Thobity AM, Arrejaie AS. Influence of incorporation of ZrO2 nanoparticles on the repair strength of polymethyl methacrylate denture bases. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:5633-5643.
  • Gad MM, Al-Thobity AM, Shahin SY, Alsaqer BT, Ali AA. Inhibitory effect of zirconium oxide nanoparticles on Candida albicans adhesion to repaired polymethyl methacrylate denture bases and interim removable prostheses: a new approach for denture stomatitis prevention. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:5409-5419.
  • Gowri S, Gandhi RR, Sundrarajan M. Structural, optical, antibacterial and antifungal properties of zirconia nanoparticles by biobased protocol. J Mater Sci Technol 2014; 30:782-790.
  • Jangra SL, Stalin K, Dilbaghi N, Kumar S, Tawale J, Singh SP, Pasricha R. Antimicrobial activity of zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles and zirconium complexes. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2012; 12:7105-7112.
  • Jabłońska-Stencel E, Pakieła W, Mertas A, Bobela E, Kasperski J, Chladek G. Effect of silver-emitting filler on antimicrobial and mechanical properties of soft denture lining material. Materials 2018; 11:318.
  • Lima JF, Maciel JG, Arrais CA, Porto VC, Urban VM, Neppelenbroek KH. Effect of incorporating antifungals on the water sorption and solubility of interim resilient liners for denture base relining. J Prosthet Dent 2016; 115:611-616.
  • Boscato N, Radavelli A, Faccio D, Loguercio AD. Biofilm formation of Candida albicans on the surface of a soft denture-lining material. Gerodontology 2009; 26:210-213.
  • Rodger G, Taylor RL, Pearson GJ, Verran J. In vitro colonization of an experimental silicone by Candida albicans. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2010; 92:226-35.
  • Yasser AD, Abdul Fatah N. The effect of addition of zirconium nano particles on antifungal activity and some properties of soft denture lining material. J Bagh Coll Dent 2017; 325:1-6.
  • Muttagi S, Subramanya JK. Effect of incorporating seed oils on the antifungal property, surface roughness, wettability, weight change, and glucose sorption of a soft liner. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 117:178-185.
  • Yanikoglu N, Yeşil Duymus Z. Evaluation of the solubility of dental cements in artificial saliva of different pH values. Dent Mater J 2007; 26:62-67.
  • Bueno MG, Urban VM, Barbério GS, da Silva WJ, Porto VC, Pinto L, Neppelenbroek KH. Effect of antimicrobial agents incorporated into resilient denture relines on the Candida albicans biofilm. Oral Dis 2015; 21:57-65.
  • Badaró MM, Leite-Fernandes VMF, Martin LT, Oliveira VC, Watanabe E, Paranhos HFO, Silva-Lovato CH. Antibiofilm activity of an experimental ricinus communis dentifrice on soft denture liners. Braz Dent J 2019; 30:252-258.
  • de Castro DT, Valente ML, da Silva CH, Watanabe E, Siqueira RL, Schiavon Ma, Alves OL, Dos Reis AC. Evaluation of antibiofilm and mechanical properties of new nanocomposites based on acrylic resins and silver vanadate nanoparticles. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 67:46-53.
  • Garcia IM, Rodrigues SB, Rodrigues Gama ME, Branco Leitune VC, Melo MA, Collares FM. Guanidine derivative inhibits C. albicans biofilm growth on denture liner without promote loss of materials' resistance. Bioact Mater 2020; 5:228-232.
  • de Moraes AP, Barwaldt CK, Nunes TZ, Sarkis-Onofre R, Ogliari FA, Boscato N, Pereira-Cenci T. Effect of triazine derivative added to denture materials on a microcosm biofilm model. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2012; 100:1328-1333.
  • Koroglu A, Sahin O, Kurkcuoglu I, Dede DO, Ozdemir T, Hazer B. Silver nanoparticle incorporation effect on mechanical and thermal properties of denture base acrylic resins. J Appl Oral Sci 2016; 24:590-596.
  • Brown V, Sexton JA, Johnston M. A glucose sensor in Candida albicans. Eukaryot Cell 2006; 5:1726-1737.
  • Sabina J, Brown V. Glucose sensing network in Candida albicans: a sweet spot for fungal morphogenesis. Eukaryot Cell 2009; 8:1314-1320.
  • Mancuso DN, Goiato MC, Zuccolotti BC, Moreno A, Dos Santos DM, Pesqueira AA. Effect of thermocycling on hardness, absorption, solubility and colour change of soft liners. Gerodontology 2012; 29:215-219.
  • Hoshino Y, Nakajima H, Akiba N, Hibino Y, Nagasawa Y, Sumi Y, Minakuchi S. Effect of composition of experimental fluorinated soft lining materials on bond strength to denture base resin. Dent Mater J 2014; 5:621-630.
  • Luna Malheiros-Segundo A, Pisani MX, Paranhos HDFO, de Souza RF. Effect of a denture cleanser on hardness, roughness and tensile bond strength of denture liners. Braz J Oral Sci 2008; 7:1596-1601.
  • Boscato N, Delavi JD, Muller L, Pereira-Cenci T, Imanishi SW. Influence of varnish application on a tissue conditioner: analysis of biofilm adhesion. Gerodontology 2010; 27:207-210.
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Original Research Articles
Authors

Gulfem Ergun 0000-0001-9981-5522

Ayşe Seda Ataol 0000-0003-3990-179X

Zeynep Şahin 0000-0003-2459-2912

Nurdan Saraç 0000-0001-7676-542X

Tuba Baygar 0000-0002-1238-3227

Aysel Uğur 0000-0002-5188-1106

Project Number 2017-1-AP3-2181
Publication Date March 25, 2022
Submission Date July 13, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022Volume: 25 Issue: 1

Cite

EndNote Ergun G, Ataol AS, Şahin Z, Saraç N, Baygar T, Uğur A (March 1, 2022) Antibiofilm Evaluation of Two Different Denture Liners Incorporated with Zirconium Oxide Nanoparticles. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 25 1 9–19.

Cited By

Bond Strength of Nanocomposite Hard Liner to CAD-CAM Milled, 3D Printed, and Conventionally Fabricated Denture Base Resins
Dentistry Journal
https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12090275
Nanomaterials in Dentistry: Current Applications and Future Scope
Nanomaterials
https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12101676
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