Abstract
References
- 1. Al-Zoubi H, Alharbi AA, Ferguson DJ, Zafar MS. Frequency of impacted teeth and categorization of impacted canines: A retrospective radiographic study using orthopantomograms. Eur J Dent 2017;11(1):117-21. 2. Pedro FL, Bandeca MC, Volpato LE, Marques AT, Borba AM, Musis CR, et al. Prevalence of impacted teeth in a Brazilian subpopulation. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):209-13. 3. Damlar İ, Altan A, Tatlı U, Arpağ OF. Retrospective Investigation of the Prevalence of Impacted Teeth in Hatay. Cukurova Medical Journal 2014;39:559-65. 4. Aydin U, Yilmaz HH, Yildirim D. Incidence of canine impaction and transmigration in a patient population. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2004;33(3):164-9. 5. Bhullar MK, Aggarwal I, Verma R, Uppal AS. Mandibular Canine Transmigration: Report of Three Cases and Literature Review. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2017;7(1):8-14. 6. Joshi MR. Transmigrant mandibular canines: a record of 28 cases and a retrospective review of the literature. Angle Orthod 2001;71(1):12-22. 7. Sumer P, Sumer M, Ozden B, Otan F. Transmigration of mandibular canines: a report of six cases and a review of the literature. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007;8(3):104-10. 8. Celikoglu M, Kamak H, Oktay H. Investigation of transmigrated and impacted maxillary and mandibular canine teeth in an orthodontic patient population. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010;68(5):1001-6. 9. Alhammadi MS, Asiri HA, Almashraqi AA. Incidence, severity and orthodontic treatment difficulty index of impacted canines in Saudi population. J Clin Exp Dent 2018;10(4):e327-e34. 10. Becker A, Chaushu S. Surgical Treatment of Impacted Canines: What the Orthodontist Would Like the Surgeon to Know. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2015;27(3):449-58. 11. Bonardi JP, Gomes-Ferreira PH, de Freitas Silva L, Momesso GA, de Oliveira D, Ferreira S, et al. Large Dentigerous Cyst Associated to Maxillary Canine. J Craniofac Surg 2017;28(1):e96-e97. 12. Guarnieri R, Cavallini C, Vernucci R, Vichi M, Leonardi R, Barbato E. Impacted maxillary canines and root resorption of adjacent teeth: A retrospective observational study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2016;21(6):e743-e50. 13. Yamamoto G, Ohta Y, Tsuda Y, Tanaka A, Nishikawa M, Inoda H. A new classification of impacted canines and second premolars using orthopantomography. Asian Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2003;15(1):31-37. 14. Thilander B, Myrberg N. The prevalence of malocclusion in Swedish schoolchildren. Scand J Dent Res 1973;81(1):12-21. 15. Takahama Y, Aiyama Y. Maxillary canine impaction as a possible microform of cleft lip and palate. Eur J Orthod 1982;4(4):275-7. 16. Counihan K, Al-Awadhi EA, Butler J. Guidelines for the assessment of the impacted maxillary canine. Dent Update 2013;40(9):770-2, 75-7. 17. Kettle MA. Treatment of the unerupted maxillary canine. Trans Br Soc Orthod 1957:74-78. 18. Stivaros N, Mandall NA. Radiographic factors affecting the management of impacted upper permanent canines. J Orthod 2000;27(2):169-73. 19. Preda L, La Fianza A, Di Maggio EM, Dore R, Schifino MR, Campani R, et al. The use of spiral computed tomography in the localization of impacted maxillary canines. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 1997;26(4):236-41. 20. Mah JK, Danforth RA, Bumann A, Hatcher D. Radiation absorbed in maxillofacial imaging with a new dental computed tomography device. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2003;96(4):508-13. 21. Ericson S, Kurol PJ. Resorption of incisors after ectopic eruption of maxillary canines: a CT study. Angle Orthod 2000;70(6):415-23. 22. Sajnani AK, King NM. Retrospective audit of management techniques for treating impacted maxillary canines in children and adolescents over a 27-year period. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011;69(10):2494-9. 23. Penarrocha M, Penarrocha M, Garcia-Mira B, Larrazabal C. Extraction of impacted maxillary canines with simultaneous implant placement. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007;65(11):2336-9. 24. Bishara SE. Impacted maxillary canines: a review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1992;101(2):159-71. 25. Bensaha T. A new approach for the surgical exposure of impacted canines by ultrasonic surgery through soft tissue. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013;42(12):1557-61. 26. Baccetti T, Sigler LM, McNamara JA, Jr. An RCT on treatment of palatally displaced canines with RME and/or a transpalatal arch. Eur J Orthod 2011;33(6):601-7. 27. Roth A, Yildirim M, Diedrich P. Forced eruption with microscrew anchorage for preprosthetic leveling of the gingival margin. Case report. J Orofac Orthop 2004;65(6):513-9.
Abstract
Objective: Treatment of impacted maxillary canines is essential, both aesthetically and functionally. This study aims to define the radiographic features of maxillary impacted canines, evaluate treatment options, and to detect related pathologies.
Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, orthopantomographs, treatment options, and demographic features of the patients were analyzed. Impacted maxillary canines were classified according to the study of Yamamoto et al. According to this classification, maxillary canines are evaluated under seven types according to the occlusal plane and their relative location to adjacent teeth. Moreover, the pathologies around impacted canines were detected via panoramic radiographies.
Results: 323 impacted maxillary canines of 270 patients were analyzed. Two hundred fifteen of these teeth (66.6%) belonged to females, while the rest 108 (33.4%) belonged to males. It was observed that impacted maxillary canines were bilateral in 53 patients and unilateral in 217 patients. In the classification based on direction and position of impacted maxillary canines, the highest rates was Type 2 (55.42%) which was followed by Type 4 (26.93%), Type 1 (12.38%), Type 7 (2.79%), Type 3 (1.86%) and Type 5 (0.62%), respectively. Twenty-eight patients with cystic lesion related to impacted maxillary canines were detected. Impacted maxillary canines concomitant with odontoma was detected in 4 patients. In 52 of the patients, it was detected that maxilla was edentulous except for the impacted canines, and the extractions of impacted canine teeth were due to prosthetic reasons. Thirty impacted maxillary canines of 24 patients (n=30, 9.28%) were placed buttons for orthodontic maintenance, while surgical tooth extraction was preferred as a treatment option in other patients.
Conclusions: Orthodontic, surgical treatments or combinations may be preferred depending on the impact level of the canine. Early diagnosis and correct orientation of the patient is essential for the success of the treatment.
Keywords
References
- 1. Al-Zoubi H, Alharbi AA, Ferguson DJ, Zafar MS. Frequency of impacted teeth and categorization of impacted canines: A retrospective radiographic study using orthopantomograms. Eur J Dent 2017;11(1):117-21. 2. Pedro FL, Bandeca MC, Volpato LE, Marques AT, Borba AM, Musis CR, et al. Prevalence of impacted teeth in a Brazilian subpopulation. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):209-13. 3. Damlar İ, Altan A, Tatlı U, Arpağ OF. Retrospective Investigation of the Prevalence of Impacted Teeth in Hatay. Cukurova Medical Journal 2014;39:559-65. 4. Aydin U, Yilmaz HH, Yildirim D. Incidence of canine impaction and transmigration in a patient population. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2004;33(3):164-9. 5. Bhullar MK, Aggarwal I, Verma R, Uppal AS. Mandibular Canine Transmigration: Report of Three Cases and Literature Review. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2017;7(1):8-14. 6. Joshi MR. Transmigrant mandibular canines: a record of 28 cases and a retrospective review of the literature. Angle Orthod 2001;71(1):12-22. 7. Sumer P, Sumer M, Ozden B, Otan F. Transmigration of mandibular canines: a report of six cases and a review of the literature. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007;8(3):104-10. 8. Celikoglu M, Kamak H, Oktay H. Investigation of transmigrated and impacted maxillary and mandibular canine teeth in an orthodontic patient population. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010;68(5):1001-6. 9. Alhammadi MS, Asiri HA, Almashraqi AA. Incidence, severity and orthodontic treatment difficulty index of impacted canines in Saudi population. J Clin Exp Dent 2018;10(4):e327-e34. 10. Becker A, Chaushu S. Surgical Treatment of Impacted Canines: What the Orthodontist Would Like the Surgeon to Know. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2015;27(3):449-58. 11. Bonardi JP, Gomes-Ferreira PH, de Freitas Silva L, Momesso GA, de Oliveira D, Ferreira S, et al. Large Dentigerous Cyst Associated to Maxillary Canine. J Craniofac Surg 2017;28(1):e96-e97. 12. Guarnieri R, Cavallini C, Vernucci R, Vichi M, Leonardi R, Barbato E. Impacted maxillary canines and root resorption of adjacent teeth: A retrospective observational study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2016;21(6):e743-e50. 13. Yamamoto G, Ohta Y, Tsuda Y, Tanaka A, Nishikawa M, Inoda H. A new classification of impacted canines and second premolars using orthopantomography. Asian Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2003;15(1):31-37. 14. Thilander B, Myrberg N. The prevalence of malocclusion in Swedish schoolchildren. Scand J Dent Res 1973;81(1):12-21. 15. Takahama Y, Aiyama Y. Maxillary canine impaction as a possible microform of cleft lip and palate. Eur J Orthod 1982;4(4):275-7. 16. Counihan K, Al-Awadhi EA, Butler J. Guidelines for the assessment of the impacted maxillary canine. Dent Update 2013;40(9):770-2, 75-7. 17. Kettle MA. Treatment of the unerupted maxillary canine. Trans Br Soc Orthod 1957:74-78. 18. Stivaros N, Mandall NA. Radiographic factors affecting the management of impacted upper permanent canines. J Orthod 2000;27(2):169-73. 19. Preda L, La Fianza A, Di Maggio EM, Dore R, Schifino MR, Campani R, et al. The use of spiral computed tomography in the localization of impacted maxillary canines. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 1997;26(4):236-41. 20. Mah JK, Danforth RA, Bumann A, Hatcher D. Radiation absorbed in maxillofacial imaging with a new dental computed tomography device. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2003;96(4):508-13. 21. Ericson S, Kurol PJ. Resorption of incisors after ectopic eruption of maxillary canines: a CT study. Angle Orthod 2000;70(6):415-23. 22. Sajnani AK, King NM. Retrospective audit of management techniques for treating impacted maxillary canines in children and adolescents over a 27-year period. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011;69(10):2494-9. 23. Penarrocha M, Penarrocha M, Garcia-Mira B, Larrazabal C. Extraction of impacted maxillary canines with simultaneous implant placement. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007;65(11):2336-9. 24. Bishara SE. Impacted maxillary canines: a review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1992;101(2):159-71. 25. Bensaha T. A new approach for the surgical exposure of impacted canines by ultrasonic surgery through soft tissue. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013;42(12):1557-61. 26. Baccetti T, Sigler LM, McNamara JA, Jr. An RCT on treatment of palatally displaced canines with RME and/or a transpalatal arch. Eur J Orthod 2011;33(6):601-7. 27. Roth A, Yildirim M, Diedrich P. Forced eruption with microscrew anchorage for preprosthetic leveling of the gingival margin. Case report. J Orofac Orthop 2004;65(6):513-9.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Original Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 18, 2020 |
| Submission Date | December 9, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2020Volume: 23 Issue: 1 |
Cited By
The diagnostic accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography and two-dimensional imaging methods in the 3D localization and assessment of maxillary impacted canines compared to the gold standard in-vivo readings: A cross-sectional study
International Orthodontics
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ortho.2023.100780
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