Abstract
References
- References:1. Andrade KM, Rodrigues CA, Watanabe PA, Mazzetto MO. Styloid Process Elongation and Calcification in Subjects with TMD: Clinical and Radiographic Aspects. Braz Dent J 2012;23:443-450.
- 2. De Leeuw R. Orofacial pain: guidelines for assessment, diagnosis and management. The American Academy of Orofacial Pain. Chicago: Quintessence Int 2008;4:2-5.
- 3. Tuz HH, Onder EM, Kisnisci RS. Prevalence of otologic complaints in patients with temporomandibular disorder. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003;123:620-623.
- 4. Krohn S, Brockmeyer P, Kubein-Meesenburg D, Kirschneck C, Buergers R. Elongated styloid process in patients with temporomandibular disorders — Is there a link?. Annals of Anatomy 2018;217:118-124.
- 5. Palesy P, Murray GM, De Boever J, Klineberg I. The involvement of thestyloid process in head and neck pain—a preliminary study. J. Oral Rehabil 2000;27:275–287.
- 6. Eagle W. W. Symptomathic elongated styloid process. Report of two cases of Styloid process. Arch Otolaryngol 1937;25:584-587.
- 7. Nalçacı R. Mısırlıoğlu M. Yaşlı bireylerde stiloid proçesin radyolojik olarak değerlendirilmesi. Atatürk Üniv Diş Hek Fak Derg 2006;16:1-6.
- 8. Schroeder WA. Traumatic Eagle’s syndrome. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1991;104: 371-374.
- 9. Zaki HS, Greco CM, Rudy TE, Kubinski JA. Elongated styloid process in a temporomandibular disorder sample: prevalence and outcome. J Prosthet Dent 1996;75:399-405.
- 10. Sancio-Gonçalves FC,Abreu MHNG, Soares JMN, Amaral SA, Porfirio FMB, Naves MD, Abdo EN. Stylohyoid Complex Ossification in Temporomandibular Disorders: A Case-control Study. J Prosthet Dent 2013;109:79-82.
- 11. Tunçdemir AR, Büyükerkmen EB, Çelebi H, Akın C. Bruksizmi Olan Hastalarda Styloid Process Uzunluğunun Değerlendirilmesi. Atatürk Üniv. Diş Hek. Fak. Derg. 2017;27:39-42.
- 12. Dworkin SF, LeResche L. Research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders: review, criteria, examinations and specifications, critique. J Craniomandib Disord. 1992;6:301–355.
- 13. İlgüy M, İlgüy D, Güler N, Bayırlı G. Incidence of the type and 2. calcification patterns in patients with elongated styloid process. J Int Med Res 2005;33:96-102.
- 14. Gracco A, De Stefani A, Bruno G, Balasso P, Alessandri- Bonetti G, Stellini E. Elongated styloid process evaluation on digital panoramic radiograph in a North Italian population. J Clin Exp Dent 2017;9:400-404.
- 15. Shaik MA, Naheeda, Kaleem SM, Wahab A, Hameed S. Prevalen¬ce of elongated styloid process in Saudi popula-tion of Aseer region. Eur J Dent 2013;7:449.
- 16. Öztaş B, Orhan K. Investigation of the incidence of stylohyoid ligament calcifications with panoramic radiographs. J Invest Clin Dent 2012;3:30-35.
- 17. Prasad KC, Kamath MP, Reddy KJ, Raju K, Agarwal S. Elongated styloid process (Eagle’s syndrome): a clinical study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2002;60:171-175.
- 18. Kamal A, Nazir R, Usman M, Salam B, Sana F. Eagle syndrome; radiological evaluation anad management. J Pak Med Assoc 2014;64:1315-1317.
- 19. Ferreira PC, Mendanha M, Frada T, Carvalho J, Silva A, Amarante J. Eagle Syndrome. J Craniofac Surg 2014;25:84-86.
- 20. Okabe S, Morimoto Y, Ansai T, Yamada K, Tanaka T, Awano S, Kito S, Takata Y, Takehara T, Ohba T. Clinical significance and variation of the advanced calcified stylohyoid complex detected by panoramic radiographs among 80-year-old subjects. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology 2006;35:191–199.
- 21. Rizzatti-Barbosa CM, Ribeiro MC, Silva-Concilio LR, swaldo Di Hipolito O, Ambrosano GM. Is an elongated stylohyoid process prevalent in the elderly? A radiographic study in a Brazilian population. Gerodontology 2005;22;112–115.
- 22. Jung T, Tschermitschek H, Hippen H, Schneider B, Borchers L. Elongated styloid process: when is it really elongated? Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2004;33:119–124.
- 23. Kursoglu P, Unalan F, Erdem T. Radiological evaluation of the styloid process in young adults resident in Turkey’s Yeditepe University faculty of dentistry. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2005;100:491-494.
Clinical and Radiological Evaluation of Elongated Styloid Process in Patients with Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
Abstract
Objectives: Clinical findings of elongated styloid process (SP) can easily be confused with clinical symptoms associated with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD). This study aims to investigate the presence of elongated SP in patients with TMD.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was performed on the digital panoramic radiographs of 300 patients between 14-68 years of age, where the study group consisted of 150 (300 SP) patients diagnosed with TMD and the control group consisted of 150 (300 SP) individuals without TMD. 224 of the patients were female and 76 were male. SP measurement was performed by a physician with radiography experience. The measurement values higher than 30 mm were accepted as elongated SP.
Results: There was a significant difference between the TMD group and the control group in terms of SP length (p<0.05). While 62% of the patients with TMD had elongated SP, this rate was 38% in the control group.
Conclusions: Elongated SP rate was higher in patients with TMD. Since TMD and Eagle syndrome have similar clinical findings, physicians should consider the differential diagnosis of patients with TMD compared to Eagle's syndrome.
References
- References:1. Andrade KM, Rodrigues CA, Watanabe PA, Mazzetto MO. Styloid Process Elongation and Calcification in Subjects with TMD: Clinical and Radiographic Aspects. Braz Dent J 2012;23:443-450.
- 2. De Leeuw R. Orofacial pain: guidelines for assessment, diagnosis and management. The American Academy of Orofacial Pain. Chicago: Quintessence Int 2008;4:2-5.
- 3. Tuz HH, Onder EM, Kisnisci RS. Prevalence of otologic complaints in patients with temporomandibular disorder. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003;123:620-623.
- 4. Krohn S, Brockmeyer P, Kubein-Meesenburg D, Kirschneck C, Buergers R. Elongated styloid process in patients with temporomandibular disorders — Is there a link?. Annals of Anatomy 2018;217:118-124.
- 5. Palesy P, Murray GM, De Boever J, Klineberg I. The involvement of thestyloid process in head and neck pain—a preliminary study. J. Oral Rehabil 2000;27:275–287.
- 6. Eagle W. W. Symptomathic elongated styloid process. Report of two cases of Styloid process. Arch Otolaryngol 1937;25:584-587.
- 7. Nalçacı R. Mısırlıoğlu M. Yaşlı bireylerde stiloid proçesin radyolojik olarak değerlendirilmesi. Atatürk Üniv Diş Hek Fak Derg 2006;16:1-6.
- 8. Schroeder WA. Traumatic Eagle’s syndrome. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1991;104: 371-374.
- 9. Zaki HS, Greco CM, Rudy TE, Kubinski JA. Elongated styloid process in a temporomandibular disorder sample: prevalence and outcome. J Prosthet Dent 1996;75:399-405.
- 10. Sancio-Gonçalves FC,Abreu MHNG, Soares JMN, Amaral SA, Porfirio FMB, Naves MD, Abdo EN. Stylohyoid Complex Ossification in Temporomandibular Disorders: A Case-control Study. J Prosthet Dent 2013;109:79-82.
- 11. Tunçdemir AR, Büyükerkmen EB, Çelebi H, Akın C. Bruksizmi Olan Hastalarda Styloid Process Uzunluğunun Değerlendirilmesi. Atatürk Üniv. Diş Hek. Fak. Derg. 2017;27:39-42.
- 12. Dworkin SF, LeResche L. Research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders: review, criteria, examinations and specifications, critique. J Craniomandib Disord. 1992;6:301–355.
- 13. İlgüy M, İlgüy D, Güler N, Bayırlı G. Incidence of the type and 2. calcification patterns in patients with elongated styloid process. J Int Med Res 2005;33:96-102.
- 14. Gracco A, De Stefani A, Bruno G, Balasso P, Alessandri- Bonetti G, Stellini E. Elongated styloid process evaluation on digital panoramic radiograph in a North Italian population. J Clin Exp Dent 2017;9:400-404.
- 15. Shaik MA, Naheeda, Kaleem SM, Wahab A, Hameed S. Prevalen¬ce of elongated styloid process in Saudi popula-tion of Aseer region. Eur J Dent 2013;7:449.
- 16. Öztaş B, Orhan K. Investigation of the incidence of stylohyoid ligament calcifications with panoramic radiographs. J Invest Clin Dent 2012;3:30-35.
- 17. Prasad KC, Kamath MP, Reddy KJ, Raju K, Agarwal S. Elongated styloid process (Eagle’s syndrome): a clinical study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2002;60:171-175.
- 18. Kamal A, Nazir R, Usman M, Salam B, Sana F. Eagle syndrome; radiological evaluation anad management. J Pak Med Assoc 2014;64:1315-1317.
- 19. Ferreira PC, Mendanha M, Frada T, Carvalho J, Silva A, Amarante J. Eagle Syndrome. J Craniofac Surg 2014;25:84-86.
- 20. Okabe S, Morimoto Y, Ansai T, Yamada K, Tanaka T, Awano S, Kito S, Takata Y, Takehara T, Ohba T. Clinical significance and variation of the advanced calcified stylohyoid complex detected by panoramic radiographs among 80-year-old subjects. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology 2006;35:191–199.
- 21. Rizzatti-Barbosa CM, Ribeiro MC, Silva-Concilio LR, swaldo Di Hipolito O, Ambrosano GM. Is an elongated stylohyoid process prevalent in the elderly? A radiographic study in a Brazilian population. Gerodontology 2005;22;112–115.
- 22. Jung T, Tschermitschek H, Hippen H, Schneider B, Borchers L. Elongated styloid process: when is it really elongated? Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2004;33:119–124.
- 23. Kursoglu P, Unalan F, Erdem T. Radiological evaluation of the styloid process in young adults resident in Turkey’s Yeditepe University faculty of dentistry. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2005;100:491-494.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Original Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 13, 2019 |
| Submission Date | December 18, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019Volume: 22 Issue: 1 |
Cited By
Eagle and Ernest syndromes: a scoping review
Minerva Dental and Oral Science
https://doi.org/10.23736/S2724-6329.22.04724-6
Prevalence of soft tissue calcifications in the maxillofacial region
Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences
https://doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v22i00.8667798
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