Antibacterial activity of calcium hydroxide combined with triple antibiotic paste against enterococcus faecalis; an ın vitro study
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of the present in vitro study was to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of calcium hydroxide mixed with triple antibiotic paste at various rates.
Materials and Methods: Triple antibiotic paste (TAP; metronidizol, minocycline, ciprofloxacin) and calcium hydroxide powder was mixed in different proportions and tested for antibacterial activity against E. faecalis (ATCC 29212)using the agar diffusion method. The samples were divided into 10 different groups;Group 1: 100% Ca(OH)2, Group 2: 99,5% Ca(OH)2 + 0.5% TAP, Group 3: 99% Ca(OH)2 + 1%TAP, Group 4: 97,5% Ca(OH)2 + 2,5% TAP, Group 5: 95% Ca(OH)2 + 5%TAP, Group 6: 90% Ca(OH)2 + 10%TAP, Group 7: 75% Ca(OH)2 + 25% TAP, Group 8: 50% Ca(OH)2 + 50% TAP, Group 9: 25% Ca(OH)2 + 75% TAP, Group 10: %100 TAP. Standard holes in the cultivated agar plates were filled with one of the samples and the zones of microbial inhibition were measured after incubation period (48 hours). The experiment was performed 8 times with each medicament.
Results: Group 1 had no effect against E.faecalis. Group 10 demonstrated high antibacterial activity than any other groups in this study. The antibacterial effects of the groups could be ranked from strongest to weakest as follows: Group 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1.
Conclusions: Adding the triple antibiotic paste increased he antibacterial efficacy of calcium hydroxide. In addition, the antibacterial effect of calcium hydroxide also increased with higher proportion of TAP.
References
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- Vianna ME, Gomes BP. (2009) Efficacy of sodium hypochlorite combined with chlorhexidine against Enterococcus faecalis in vitro. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009;107:585-89.
- Engström B. The significance of enterococci in root canal treatment. Odontol Revy. 1964;15:87–106.
- Sathorn C, Parashos P, Messer H. Australian endodontists' perceptions of single and multiple visit root canal treatment. Int Endod J 2009;42:811-18.
- Siqueira JF Jr, Lopes HP. Mechanisms of antimicrobial activity of calcium hydroxide: a critical review. Int Endod J 1999;32:361–69.
- Byström A, Claesson R, Sundqvist G. The antibacterial effect of camphorated paramonochlorophenol, camphorated phenol and calcium hydroxide in the treatment of infected root canals. Endod Dent Traumato 1985;1:170–75.
- Rôças IN, Siqueira JF Jr,Santos KRN. Association of Enterococcus faecalis with different forms of periradicular diseases, J Endod 2004;30:315–20.
- Safavi KE, Spangberg LS, Langeland K. Root canal dentinal tubule disinfection. J Endod. 1990;16:207–10.
- Heling I, Pecht M. Efficacy of Ledermix paste in eliminating Staphylococcus aureus from infected dentinal tubules in vitro. Endod Dent Traumatol 1991;7:251–54.
- Takushige T, Cruz EV, Asgor MA, Hoshino E. Endodontic treatment of primary teeth using a combination of antibacterial drugs. Int Endod J 2004;3:132-38.
- Ozan U, Er K. Endodontic treatment of a large cyst-like periradicular lesion using a combination of antibiotic drugs: a case report. J Endod 2005;31:898–900.
- KusgozA, Yıldırım T, Er K, Arslan I. Retreatment of a resected tooth associated with a large periradicular lesion by using a triple antibiotic paste and mineral trioxide aggregate: a case report with a thirty-month follow up. J Endod 2009;11:1603-06 .
- Mayrhofer S, Domig KJ, Mair C, Zitz U, Huys G, Kneifel W. Comparison of broth microdilution, Etest, and agar disk diffusion methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Lactobacillus acidophilus group members. Appl Environ Microbiol 2008;74:3745-8.
- Ercan E, Özekinci T, Atakul F, Gul K. Antibacterial activity of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite in infected root canal: in vivo study. J Endod 2004;30:84-7.
- Gomes BP, Souza SF, Ferraz CC. Effectiveness of 2% chlorhexidine gel and calcium hydroxide against Enterococcus faecalis in bovine root dentine in vitro. Int Endod J 2003;36:267-75.
- Roças IN, Siqueira JF, Santos KR. Association of Enterococcus faecalis with different forms or periradicular diseases. J Endod 2004;30:315-20.
- Ørstavik D, Haapasalo M. Disinfection by endodontic irrigants and dressings of experimentally infected dentinal tubules. Endod Dent Traumatol 1990;6:142-9.
- Haapasolo M, Ørstavik D. In vitro infection and disinfection of dentinal tubules. J Dent Res 1987;66:1375-9.
- Heling I, Sommer M, Steinberg D, Friedman M, Sela MN Microbiological evaluation of the efficacy of chlorhexidine in a sustained-release device for dentine sterilization. Int Endod J. 1992;25:15-9.
- Mickel AK, Sharma P, Chogle S. Effectiveness of stannous fluoride and calcium hydroxide against Enterococcus faecalis.J Endod. 2003;29:259-60.
- Weine FS. Endodontic Therapy, 3rd ednSt Louis, USA: Mosby, 2003; p. 325.
- Gilad JZ, Teles R, Goodson M, White RR, Stashenko P. Development of a clindamycin-impregnated fiber as an intracanal medication in endodontic therapy.J Endod. 1999;25:722-7.
- Goodson J. Pharmacokinetic principles controlling efficacy of oral therapy. J Dent Res. 1989;68:1625-32.
- Krithikadatta J, Indira R, Dorothykalyani AL. Disinfection of dentinal tubules with 2% chlorhexidine,2% metronidazole, bioactive glass when compared with calcium hydroxide as ıntracanal medicaments. J Endod. 2007;33:1473-6.
- Molander A, Dahle´n G. Evaluation of the antibacterial potential of tetracycline or erythromycin mixed with calcium hydroxide as intracanal dressing against Enterococcus faecalis in vivo. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2003;96:744-50.
- Taneja S, Kumari M. Use of triple antibiotic paste in the treatment of large periradicular lesions. J. Investig Clin Dent 2012;72:6
- Pallotta RC, Ribeiro MS, de Lima ME. Determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration of four medicaments used as intracanal medication. Aust Endod J. 2007; 33:107–111.
- Hoshino E, Kurihara-Ando N, Sato In vitro antibacterial susceptibility of bacteria taken from infected root dentine to a mixture of ciprofloxacin, metronidazole and minocycline. Int Endod J. 1996;29:125–30.
Abstract
Keywords
References
- Vianna ME, Horz HP, Conrads G, Zaia AA, Souza-Filho FJ, Gomes BPEffect of root canal procedures on endotoxins and endodontic pathogens. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 2007;22:411–18.
- Vianna ME, Gomes BP. (2009) Efficacy of sodium hypochlorite combined with chlorhexidine against Enterococcus faecalis in vitro. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009;107:585-89.
- Engström B. The significance of enterococci in root canal treatment. Odontol Revy. 1964;15:87–106.
- Sathorn C, Parashos P, Messer H. Australian endodontists' perceptions of single and multiple visit root canal treatment. Int Endod J 2009;42:811-18.
- Siqueira JF Jr, Lopes HP. Mechanisms of antimicrobial activity of calcium hydroxide: a critical review. Int Endod J 1999;32:361–69.
- Byström A, Claesson R, Sundqvist G. The antibacterial effect of camphorated paramonochlorophenol, camphorated phenol and calcium hydroxide in the treatment of infected root canals. Endod Dent Traumato 1985;1:170–75.
- Rôças IN, Siqueira JF Jr,Santos KRN. Association of Enterococcus faecalis with different forms of periradicular diseases, J Endod 2004;30:315–20.
- Safavi KE, Spangberg LS, Langeland K. Root canal dentinal tubule disinfection. J Endod. 1990;16:207–10.
- Heling I, Pecht M. Efficacy of Ledermix paste in eliminating Staphylococcus aureus from infected dentinal tubules in vitro. Endod Dent Traumatol 1991;7:251–54.
- Takushige T, Cruz EV, Asgor MA, Hoshino E. Endodontic treatment of primary teeth using a combination of antibacterial drugs. Int Endod J 2004;3:132-38.
- Ozan U, Er K. Endodontic treatment of a large cyst-like periradicular lesion using a combination of antibiotic drugs: a case report. J Endod 2005;31:898–900.
- KusgozA, Yıldırım T, Er K, Arslan I. Retreatment of a resected tooth associated with a large periradicular lesion by using a triple antibiotic paste and mineral trioxide aggregate: a case report with a thirty-month follow up. J Endod 2009;11:1603-06 .
- Mayrhofer S, Domig KJ, Mair C, Zitz U, Huys G, Kneifel W. Comparison of broth microdilution, Etest, and agar disk diffusion methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Lactobacillus acidophilus group members. Appl Environ Microbiol 2008;74:3745-8.
- Ercan E, Özekinci T, Atakul F, Gul K. Antibacterial activity of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite in infected root canal: in vivo study. J Endod 2004;30:84-7.
- Gomes BP, Souza SF, Ferraz CC. Effectiveness of 2% chlorhexidine gel and calcium hydroxide against Enterococcus faecalis in bovine root dentine in vitro. Int Endod J 2003;36:267-75.
- Roças IN, Siqueira JF, Santos KR. Association of Enterococcus faecalis with different forms or periradicular diseases. J Endod 2004;30:315-20.
- Ørstavik D, Haapasalo M. Disinfection by endodontic irrigants and dressings of experimentally infected dentinal tubules. Endod Dent Traumatol 1990;6:142-9.
- Haapasolo M, Ørstavik D. In vitro infection and disinfection of dentinal tubules. J Dent Res 1987;66:1375-9.
- Heling I, Sommer M, Steinberg D, Friedman M, Sela MN Microbiological evaluation of the efficacy of chlorhexidine in a sustained-release device for dentine sterilization. Int Endod J. 1992;25:15-9.
- Mickel AK, Sharma P, Chogle S. Effectiveness of stannous fluoride and calcium hydroxide against Enterococcus faecalis.J Endod. 2003;29:259-60.
- Weine FS. Endodontic Therapy, 3rd ednSt Louis, USA: Mosby, 2003; p. 325.
- Gilad JZ, Teles R, Goodson M, White RR, Stashenko P. Development of a clindamycin-impregnated fiber as an intracanal medication in endodontic therapy.J Endod. 1999;25:722-7.
- Goodson J. Pharmacokinetic principles controlling efficacy of oral therapy. J Dent Res. 1989;68:1625-32.
- Krithikadatta J, Indira R, Dorothykalyani AL. Disinfection of dentinal tubules with 2% chlorhexidine,2% metronidazole, bioactive glass when compared with calcium hydroxide as ıntracanal medicaments. J Endod. 2007;33:1473-6.
- Molander A, Dahle´n G. Evaluation of the antibacterial potential of tetracycline or erythromycin mixed with calcium hydroxide as intracanal dressing against Enterococcus faecalis in vivo. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2003;96:744-50.
- Taneja S, Kumari M. Use of triple antibiotic paste in the treatment of large periradicular lesions. J. Investig Clin Dent 2012;72:6
- Pallotta RC, Ribeiro MS, de Lima ME. Determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration of four medicaments used as intracanal medication. Aust Endod J. 2007; 33:107–111.
- Hoshino E, Kurihara-Ando N, Sato In vitro antibacterial susceptibility of bacteria taken from infected root dentine to a mixture of ciprofloxacin, metronidazole and minocycline. Int Endod J. 1996;29:125–30.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Original Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | January 31, 2013 |
| Submission Date | May 23, 2012 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2013Volume: 16 Issue: 1 |
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Cumhuriyet Dental Journal (Cumhuriyet Dent J, CDJ) is the official publication of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry. CDJ is an international journal dedicated to the latest advancement of dentistry. The aim of this journal is to provide a platform for scientists and academicians all over the world to promote, share, and discuss various new issues and developments in different areas of dentistry. First issue of the Journal of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry was published in 1998. In 2010, journal's name was changed as Cumhuriyet Dental Journal. Journal’s publication language is English.
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