Analysing Subgingival Plaque with regard to H.pylori at Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis Patients
Abstract
Objectives:
Helicobacter pylori (H.
Pylori) is a Gram
(-), microaerophilic bacteria and the etiological factor of chronic active
gastritis and peptic ulcer. Some studies indicated that this bacterium found at
oral cavity which is a potential reservoir for stomach. Several studies showed
that H. pylori may found in saliva
and subgingival plaque of chronic periodontitis patients. However, there is no
data related to aggressive periodontitis patients. In this study, we aimed to
determine the prevalence of H. pylori
in subgingival plaque samples of chronic, aggressive periodontitis and
gingivitis patients and to increase the awareness of the patients for gastric
problems.
Materials
and Methods: This study included 155 patients (61 with gingivitis,
60 with chronic periodontitis, and 34 with aggressive periodontitis) who did
not have gastric disease symptom and did not use antibiotics in the last 3
months. The subgingival plaque samples were taken using sterile paper points.
The existence of H. pylori, A. actinomycetemcomitans,
and P. gingivalis
was detected by RT-PCR.
Results: H. pylori was not detected in any groups
at the end of microbiological analysis.
However, a high occurrence of A. actinomycetemcomitans (97.1%) and P. gingivalis
(100%) was observed in the aggressive periodontitis group. However, A. actinomycetemcomitans
and P. gingivalis were found in 30% and 21.7% of patients,
respectively, with chronic periodontitis. A.
actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis
were found in 24.6% of patients in the gingivitis group.
Conclusions: H. pylori were not detected in samples, indicating that subgingival plaque may not
be a primary reservoir for this bacterium.
Keywords
Aggressive periodontitis Chronic periodontitis Helicobacter pylori Polymerase Chain Reaction
References
- 1. Go MF. Review article: natural history and epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2002; 16 Suppl 1: 3-15. 2. Yucel T, Aygin D, Sen S ,Yucel O. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori and related factors among university students in Turkey. Jpn J Infect Dis 2008; 61: 179-183. 3. Gebara EC, Pannuti C, Faria CM, Chehter L, Mayer MP ,Lima LA. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori detected by polymerase chain reaction in the oral cavity of periodontitis patients. Oral Microbiol Immunol 2004; 19: 277-280. 4. Al Sayed A, Anand PS, Kamath KP, Patil S, Preethanath RS ,Anil S. Oral Cavity as an Extragastric Reservoir of Helicobacter pylori. ISRN Gastroenterol 2014; 2014: 261369. 5. Armitage GC. Development of a classification system for periodontal diseases and conditions. Ann Periodontol 1999; 4: 1-6. 6. Graham DY ,Shiotani A. New concepts of resistance in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infections. Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008; 5: 321-331. 7. Okuda K, Kimizuka R, Katakura A, Nakagawa T ,Ishihara K. Ecological and immunopathological implications of oral bacteria in Helicobacter pylori-infected disease. J Periodontol 2003; 74: 123-128. 8. Anand PS, Kamath KP ,Anil S. Role of dental plaque, saliva and periodontal disease in Helicobacter pylori infection. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 5639-5653. 9. Krishna NK ,Cunnion KM. Role of molecular diagnostics in the management of infectious disease emergencies. Med Clin North Am 2012; 96: 1067-1078. 10. Oppermann RV, Weidlich P ,Musskopf ML. Periodontal disease and systemic complications. Braz Oral Res 2012; 26 Suppl 1: 39-47. 11. Cronin AJ, Claffey N ,Stassen LF. Who is at risk? Periodontal disease risk analysis made accessible for the general dental practitioner. Br Dent J 2008; 205: 131-137. 12. Hobdell MH. Economic globalization and oral health. Oral Dis 2001; 7: 137-143. 13. Gill HH, Desai HG, Majmudar P, Mehta PR ,Prabhu SR. Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori: the Indian scenario. Indian J Gastroenterol 1993; 12: 9-11. 14. Ozdemir A, Mas MR, Sahin S, Saglamkaya U ,Ateskan U. Detection of Helicobacter pylori colonization in dental plaques and tongue scrapings of patients with chronic gastritis. Quintessence Int 2001; 32: 131-134. 15. Rasmussen LT, Labio RW, Gatti LL, Silva LC, Queiroz VF, Smith Mde A ,Payao SL. Helicobacter pylori detection in gastric biopsies, saliva and dental plaque of Brazilian dyspeptic patients. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2010; 105: 326-330. 16. Silva DG, Tinoco EM, Rocha GA, Rocha AM, Guerra JB, Saraiva IE ,Queiroz DM. Helicobacter pylori transiently in the mouth may participate in the transmission of infection. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2010; 105: 657-660. 17. Al Asqah M, Al Hamoudi N, Anil S, Al Jebreen A ,Al-Hamoudi WK. Is the presence of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque of patients with chronic periodontitis a risk factor for gastric infection? Can J Gastroenterol 2009; 23: 177-179. 18. Savoldi E, Marinone MG, Negrini R, Facchinetti D, Lanzini A ,Sapelli PL. Absence of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque determined by immunoperoxidase. Helicobacter 1998; 3: 283-287. 19. Kignel S, de Almeida Pina F, Andre EA, Alves Mayer MP ,Birman EG. Occurrence of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque and saliva of dyspeptic patients. Oral Dis 2005; 11: 17-21. 20. Silva Rossi-Aguiar VP, Navarro-Rodriguez T, Mattar R, Siqueira de Melo Peres MP, Correa Barbuti R, Silva FM, Carrilho FJ ,Eisig JN. Oral cavity is not a reservoir for Helicobacter pylori in infected patients with functional dyspepsia. Oral Microbiol Immunol 2009; 24: 255-259. 21. Olivier BJ, Bond RP, van Zyl WB, Delport M, Slavik T, Ziady C, Terhaar Sive Droste JS, Lastovica A ,van der Merwe SW. Absence of Helicobacter pylori within the oral cavities of members of a healthy South African community. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44: 635-636. 22. Shaju JP, Zade RM ,Das M. Prevalence of periodontitis in the Indian population: A literature review. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2011; 15: 29-34. 23. Graham DY, Adam E, Reddy GT, Agarwal JP, Agarwal R, Evans DJ, Jr., Malaty HM ,Evans DG. Seroepidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection in India. Comparison of developing and developed countries. Dig Dis Sci 1991; 36: 1084-1088. 24. Asikainen S, Chen C ,Slots J. Absence of Helicobacter pylori in subgingival samples determined by polymerase chain reaction. Oral Microbiol Immunol 1994; 9: 318-320. 25. Nisha KJ, Nandakumar K, Shenoy KT ,Janam P. Periodontal disease and Helicobacter pylori infection: a community-based study using serology and rapid urease test. J Investig Clin Dent 2016; 7: 37-45. 26. Souto R ,Colombo AP. Detection of Helicobacter pylori by polymerase chain reaction in the subgingival biofilm and saliva of non-dyspeptic periodontal patients. J Periodontol 2008; 79: 97-103. 27. Umeda M, Kobayashi H, Takeuchi Y, Hayashi J, Morotome-Hayashi Y, Yano K, Aoki A, Ohkusa T ,Ishikawa I. High prevalence of Helicobacter pylori detected by PCR in the oral cavities of periodontitis patients. J Periodontol 2003; 74: 129-134. 28. Sissons CH, Wong L ,Cutress TW. Patterns and rates of growth of microcosm dental plaque biofilms. Oral Microbiol Immunol 1995; 10: 160-167. 29. Armitage GC ,Cullinan MP. Comparison of the clinical features of chronic and aggressive periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 2010; 53: 12-27. 30. Graham DY. Helicobacter pylori update: gastric cancer, reliable therapy, and possible benefits. Gastroenterology 2015; 148: 719-731 e713.
Abstract
Amaç: Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori),
bir gram (-), mikroaerofilik bakteri olup, kronik aktif gastrit ve peptik
ülserin etyolojik faktörüdür. Bazı çalışmalar, bu bakterinin, oral kavitede
bulunduğunda, mide için potansiyel rezervuar olabileceğini göstermiştir. Çeşitli
çalışmalar, H. pylori'nin kronik periodontitisli hastaların tükrük ve
subgingival plaklarında görülebileceğini göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte agresif
periodontitis hastaları ile ilgili herhangi bir veri yoktur. Bu çalışmada, kronik, agresif
periodontitis ve gingivitis hastalarının subgingival plak örneklerinde H.
pylori prevalansını saptamayı ve hastaların gastrik problemler konusunda
bilinçlenmesini arttırmayı amaçladık.
Gereç
ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma,
gastrik hastalık semptomu olmayan ve son 3 ayda antibiyotik kullanmayan 155
hasta (61 adet gingivitis, 60'ı kronik periodontitisli ve 34 agresif
periodontitisli) içermekteydi. Subgingival
plak örnekleri steril paper point kullanılarak alındı. H.
pylori, A. actinomycetemcomitans ve P. gingivalis'in varlığı RT-PCR ile tespit
edildi.
Bulgular: Mikrobiyolojik
analizin sonunda herhangi bir grupta H. pylori tespit edilmedi.
Bununla birlikte, agresif periodontit grubunda yüksek
oranda A. actinomycetemcomitans (%97.1) ve P. gingivalis (%100) görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte, A.
actinomycetemcomitans ve P. gingivalis, kronik periodontitisli hastaların
sırasıyla %30 ve %21.7'sinde bulunmuştur. A. actinomycetemcomitans ve P.
gingivalis gingivitisli hastaların %24.6'sında bulundu.
Sonuç: H. pylori, örneklerde saptanmamış
olması, subgingival plağın bu bakteri için birincil rezervuar olmayabileceğini
gösterdi.
Keywords
Agresif Periodontitis Kronik periodontitis Helicobacter pylori Polimeraz zincirleme reaksiyonu
References
- 1. Go MF. Review article: natural history and epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2002; 16 Suppl 1: 3-15. 2. Yucel T, Aygin D, Sen S ,Yucel O. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori and related factors among university students in Turkey. Jpn J Infect Dis 2008; 61: 179-183. 3. Gebara EC, Pannuti C, Faria CM, Chehter L, Mayer MP ,Lima LA. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori detected by polymerase chain reaction in the oral cavity of periodontitis patients. Oral Microbiol Immunol 2004; 19: 277-280. 4. Al Sayed A, Anand PS, Kamath KP, Patil S, Preethanath RS ,Anil S. Oral Cavity as an Extragastric Reservoir of Helicobacter pylori. ISRN Gastroenterol 2014; 2014: 261369. 5. Armitage GC. Development of a classification system for periodontal diseases and conditions. Ann Periodontol 1999; 4: 1-6. 6. Graham DY ,Shiotani A. New concepts of resistance in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infections. Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008; 5: 321-331. 7. Okuda K, Kimizuka R, Katakura A, Nakagawa T ,Ishihara K. Ecological and immunopathological implications of oral bacteria in Helicobacter pylori-infected disease. J Periodontol 2003; 74: 123-128. 8. Anand PS, Kamath KP ,Anil S. Role of dental plaque, saliva and periodontal disease in Helicobacter pylori infection. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 5639-5653. 9. Krishna NK ,Cunnion KM. Role of molecular diagnostics in the management of infectious disease emergencies. Med Clin North Am 2012; 96: 1067-1078. 10. Oppermann RV, Weidlich P ,Musskopf ML. Periodontal disease and systemic complications. Braz Oral Res 2012; 26 Suppl 1: 39-47. 11. Cronin AJ, Claffey N ,Stassen LF. Who is at risk? Periodontal disease risk analysis made accessible for the general dental practitioner. Br Dent J 2008; 205: 131-137. 12. Hobdell MH. Economic globalization and oral health. Oral Dis 2001; 7: 137-143. 13. Gill HH, Desai HG, Majmudar P, Mehta PR ,Prabhu SR. Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori: the Indian scenario. Indian J Gastroenterol 1993; 12: 9-11. 14. Ozdemir A, Mas MR, Sahin S, Saglamkaya U ,Ateskan U. Detection of Helicobacter pylori colonization in dental plaques and tongue scrapings of patients with chronic gastritis. Quintessence Int 2001; 32: 131-134. 15. Rasmussen LT, Labio RW, Gatti LL, Silva LC, Queiroz VF, Smith Mde A ,Payao SL. Helicobacter pylori detection in gastric biopsies, saliva and dental plaque of Brazilian dyspeptic patients. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2010; 105: 326-330. 16. Silva DG, Tinoco EM, Rocha GA, Rocha AM, Guerra JB, Saraiva IE ,Queiroz DM. Helicobacter pylori transiently in the mouth may participate in the transmission of infection. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2010; 105: 657-660. 17. Al Asqah M, Al Hamoudi N, Anil S, Al Jebreen A ,Al-Hamoudi WK. Is the presence of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque of patients with chronic periodontitis a risk factor for gastric infection? Can J Gastroenterol 2009; 23: 177-179. 18. Savoldi E, Marinone MG, Negrini R, Facchinetti D, Lanzini A ,Sapelli PL. Absence of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque determined by immunoperoxidase. Helicobacter 1998; 3: 283-287. 19. Kignel S, de Almeida Pina F, Andre EA, Alves Mayer MP ,Birman EG. Occurrence of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque and saliva of dyspeptic patients. Oral Dis 2005; 11: 17-21. 20. Silva Rossi-Aguiar VP, Navarro-Rodriguez T, Mattar R, Siqueira de Melo Peres MP, Correa Barbuti R, Silva FM, Carrilho FJ ,Eisig JN. Oral cavity is not a reservoir for Helicobacter pylori in infected patients with functional dyspepsia. Oral Microbiol Immunol 2009; 24: 255-259. 21. Olivier BJ, Bond RP, van Zyl WB, Delport M, Slavik T, Ziady C, Terhaar Sive Droste JS, Lastovica A ,van der Merwe SW. Absence of Helicobacter pylori within the oral cavities of members of a healthy South African community. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44: 635-636. 22. Shaju JP, Zade RM ,Das M. Prevalence of periodontitis in the Indian population: A literature review. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2011; 15: 29-34. 23. Graham DY, Adam E, Reddy GT, Agarwal JP, Agarwal R, Evans DJ, Jr., Malaty HM ,Evans DG. Seroepidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection in India. Comparison of developing and developed countries. Dig Dis Sci 1991; 36: 1084-1088. 24. Asikainen S, Chen C ,Slots J. Absence of Helicobacter pylori in subgingival samples determined by polymerase chain reaction. Oral Microbiol Immunol 1994; 9: 318-320. 25. Nisha KJ, Nandakumar K, Shenoy KT ,Janam P. Periodontal disease and Helicobacter pylori infection: a community-based study using serology and rapid urease test. J Investig Clin Dent 2016; 7: 37-45. 26. Souto R ,Colombo AP. Detection of Helicobacter pylori by polymerase chain reaction in the subgingival biofilm and saliva of non-dyspeptic periodontal patients. J Periodontol 2008; 79: 97-103. 27. Umeda M, Kobayashi H, Takeuchi Y, Hayashi J, Morotome-Hayashi Y, Yano K, Aoki A, Ohkusa T ,Ishikawa I. High prevalence of Helicobacter pylori detected by PCR in the oral cavities of periodontitis patients. J Periodontol 2003; 74: 129-134. 28. Sissons CH, Wong L ,Cutress TW. Patterns and rates of growth of microcosm dental plaque biofilms. Oral Microbiol Immunol 1995; 10: 160-167. 29. Armitage GC ,Cullinan MP. Comparison of the clinical features of chronic and aggressive periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 2010; 53: 12-27. 30. Graham DY. Helicobacter pylori update: gastric cancer, reliable therapy, and possible benefits. Gastroenterology 2015; 148: 719-731 e713.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Original Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | April 24, 2018 |
| Submission Date | December 15, 2017 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018Volume: 21 Issue: 1 |
Cumhuriyet Dental Journal (Cumhuriyet Dent J, CDJ) is the official publication of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry. CDJ is an international journal dedicated to the latest advancement of dentistry. The aim of this journal is to provide a platform for scientists and academicians all over the world to promote, share, and discuss various new issues and developments in different areas of dentistry. First issue of the Journal of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry was published in 1998. In 2010, journal's name was changed as Cumhuriyet Dental Journal. Journal’s publication language is English.
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