Research Article
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Year 2024, , 127 - 135, 30.06.2024

Sema Kaya , Burçin Avcı

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.1485793

Abstract

References

  • 1. Kurol J. Infraocclusion of primary molars: an epidemiologic and familial study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1981; 9(2):94-102.
  • 2. Williams HA, Zwemer JD, Hoyt DJ. Treating ankylosed primary teeth in adult patients: A case report. Quintessence Int 1995; 26(3): 161-166.
  • 3. Kurol J. Early treatment of tooth-eruption disturbances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002; 121(6):588-591.
  • 4. Peretz B, Absawi-Huri M, Bercovich R, Amir E. Inter-relations between infraocclusion of primary mandibular molars, tipping of adjacent teeth, and alveolar bone height. Pediatr Dent 2013; 35(4): 325-328.
  • 5. Brearley L. Ankylosis of primary molar teeth. I. Prevalence and characteristics. ASDC J Dent Child 1973; 40:54-63.
  • 6. Patano A, Inchingolo AM, Laudadio C, Azzollini D, Marinelli G, Ceci S ve ark. Therapeutic Strategies of Primary Molar Infraocclusion: A Systematic Review. Children 2023; 10(3):582.
  • 7. Henderson H. Ankylosis of primary molars: a clinical, radiographic, and histologic study. ASDC J Dent Child 1979; 46(2):117-122.
  • 8. Gündüz K, Muğlalı M, Inal S. Total impaction of deciduous maxillary molars: two case reports. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007; 8(6): 64-71.
  • 9. Koyoumdjisky-Kaye E, Steigman S. Ethnic variability in the prevalence of submerged primary molars. J Dent Res 1982; 61(12):1401-1404.
  • 10. Coşgunarslan A, Aşantoğrol F, Soydan Çabuk D, Canger EM. The effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the human mandible. Oral Radiol 2021; 37:20-28.
  • 11. Tolga Suer B, Yaman Z, Buyuksarac B. Correlation of Fractal Dimension Values with Implant Insertion Torque and Resonance Frequency Values at Implant Recipient Sites. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2016; 31(1):55-62.
  • 12. Updike SX, Nowzari H. Fractal analysis of dental radiographs to detect periodontitis‐induced trabecular changes. J Periodontal Res 2008; 43(6):658-664.
  • 13. Temur KT, Magat G, Coskunarslan A, Önsüren AS, Özcan S. Evaluation of Mandibular Trabecular Bone by Fractal Analysis in Pediatric Patients with Hypodontia, Int J Paediatr Dent 2022 Nov;32(6):776-784.
  • 14. Yasar F, Akgunlu F. The differences in panoramic mandibular indices and fractal dimension between patients with and without spinal osteoporosis. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2006; 35(1):1-9.
  • 15. Sansare K, Singh D, Karjodkar F. Changes in the fractal dimension on pre-and post-implant panoramic radiographs. Oral Radiol 2012; 28:15-23.
  • 16. Arsan B, Köse TE, Çene E, Özcan İ. Assessment of the trabecular structure of mandibular condyles in patients with temporomandibular disorders using fractal analysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2017; 123(3):382-391.
  • 17. Soğur E, Baksı B. Imaging systems used for diagnosis of periodontal pathology Part 2: Alternative Imaging Systems and Image Processing Methods. Ege Uni Dis Hek Fak Derg 2014; 35(1):10-18.
  • 18. White SC, Rudolph DJ. Alterations of the trabecular pattern of the jaws in patients with osteoporosis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1999; 88(5):628-635.
  • 19. Sidhu H, Ali A. Hypodontia, ankylosis and infraocclusion: report of a case restored with a fibre-reinforced ceromeric bridge. Br Dent J 2001; 191(11):613-616.
  • 20. Kurol J. Infraocclusion of primary molars. An epidemiological, familial, longitudinal clinical and histological study. Swed Dent J Suppl 1984; 21:1-67.
  • 21. Hanisch M, Hanisch L, Kleinheinz J, Jung S. Primary failure of eruption (PFE): a systematic review. Head Face Med 2018; 14:1-9.
  • 22. Silva CC, Edo MM, Llorente MSA, Leache EB. Primary molar infraocclusion: frequency, magnitude, root resorption and premolar agenesis in a Spanish sample. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2014; 15(3):258-264.
  • 23. Steigman S, Koyoumdjisky-Kaye E, Matrai Y. Submerged deciduous molars and congenital absence of premolars. J Dent Res 1973; 52(4):842-842.
  • 24. Bjerklin K, Bennett J. The long-term survival of lower second primary molars in subjects with agenesis of the premolars. Eur J Orthod 2000; 22(3):245-255.
  • 25. Ciftci ZZ, Kirzioglu Z, Saritekin A. Prevalence of infraocclusion in primary molars and accompanying dental variations in a Turkish sample. J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol 2021;10(3):128-133.
  • 26. Shalish M, Peck S, Wasserstein A, Peck L. Increased occurrence of dental anomalies associated with infraocclusion of deciduous molars. Angle Orthod 2010; 80(3):440-445.
  • 27. Odeh R, Mihailidis S, Townsend G, Lähdesmäki R, Hughes T, Brook A. Prevalence of infraocclusion of primary molars determined using a new 2D image analysis methodology. Aust Dent J 2016; 61(2):183-189.
  • 28. Steigman S, Koyoumdjisky-Kaye E, Matrai Y. Submerged deciduous molars in preschool children: an epidemiologic survey. J Dent Res 1973; 52(2):322-326.
  • 29. Zúñiga-Tertre MdP, Lucavechi-Alcayaga T, Barbería Leache E. Distribución y gravedad de las infraoclusiones de molares temporales. RCOE 2004; 9(1):53-59.
  • 30. Lindh C, Oliveira GHC, Leles CR, do Carmo Matias Freire M, Ribeiro‐Rotta RF. Bone quality assessment in routine dental implant treatment among Brazilian and Swedish specialists. Clin Oral Implants Res 2014; 25(9):1004-1009.
  • 31. Valle ALd, Lorenzoni FC, Martins LM, Valle CVMd, Henriques JFC, Almeida ALPFd ve ark. A multidisciplinary approach for the management of hypodontia: case report. J Appl Oral Sci,2011; 19:544-548.
  • 32. Agarwal P, Vinuth D, Dube G, Dube P. Nonsyndromic tooth agenesis patterns and associated developmental dental anomalies: a literature review with radiographic illustrations. Minerva Stomatol 2013; 62(1-2):31-41.
  • 33. Wang Y, He J, Decker A, Hu J, Zou D. Clinical outcomes of implant therapy in ectodermal dysplasia patients: a systematic review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 45(8):1035-1043.
  • 34. McGeown M, O’Connell A. Management of primary molar infraocclusion in general practice. J Ir Dent Assoc 2014;60(4):192-198.
  • 35. Calheiros-Lobo MJ, Costa F, Pinho T. Infraocclusion level and root resorption of the primary molar in second premolar agenesis: A retrospective cross-sectional study in the Portuguese population. Dent Med Prob 2022; 59(2):195-207.
  • 36. Robinson S, Chan MW. New teeth from old: treatment options for retained primary teeth. Br Dent J 2009; 207(7):315-320.
  • 37. AlNuaimi R, Mansoor M. Prosthetic rehabilitation with fixed prosthesis of a 5-year-old child with Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia and Oligodontia: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2019; 13:1-6.
  • 38. Kramer FJ, Baethge C, Tschernitschek H. Implants in children with ectodermal dysplasia: a case report and literature review. Clin Oral Implants Res 2007; 18(1):140-146.
  • 39. Chugh T, Jain AK, Jaiswal RK, Mehrotra P, Mehrotra R. Bone density and its importance in orthodontics. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2013; 3(2):92-97.
  • 40. Kurşun-Çakmak EŞ, Bayrak S. Comparison of fractal dimension analysis and panoramic-based radiomorphometric indices in the assessment of mandibular bone changes in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2018; 126(2):184-191.
  • 41. Yagmur B, Tercanli-Alkis H, Tayfun-Kupesiz F, Karayilmaz H, Kupesiz OA. Alterations of panoramic radiomorphometric indices in children and adolescents with beta-thalassemia major: A fractal analysis study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2022; 27(1):e10.
  • 42. Arhakis A, Boutiou E. Etiology, diagnosis, consequences and treatment of infraoccluded primary molars. Open Dent J 2016; 10:714.
  • 43. Magat G, Ozcan Sener S. Evaluation of trabecular pattern of mandible using fractal dimension, bone area fraction, and gray scale value: comparison of cone-beam computed tomography and panoramic radiography. Oral Radiol 2019; 35:35-42.
  • 44. Güleç M, Taşsöker M, Özcan S. Mandibular trabeküler kemiğin fraktal boyutu: Yaş, cinsiyet ve ilgi alani seçiminin önemi nedir? Selcuk Dent J 2019; 6(4):15-19.
  • 45. Soltani P, Sami S, Yaghini J, Golkar E, Riccitiello F, Spagnuolo G. Application of fractal analysis in detecting trabecular bone changes in periapical radiograph of patients with periodontitis. Int J Dent 2021 Oct 7:2021:3221448.
  • 46. Gunacar DN, Erbek SM, Aydınoglu S, Kose TE. Evaluation of the relationship between tooth decay and trabecular bone structure in pediatric patients using fractal analysis: a retrospective study. Eur Oral Res 2022; 56(2):67.
  • 47. Gulec M, Tassoker M, Ozcan S, Orhan K. Evaluation of the mandibular trabecular bone in patients with bruxism using fractal analysis. Oral Radiol 2021; 37:36-45.
  • 48. Kolcakoglu K, Amuk M, Sirin Sarıbal G. Evaluation of mandibular trabecular bone by fractal analysis on panoramic radiograph in paediatric patients with sleep bruxism. International J Paediatr Dent 2022; 32(6):776-784.

Evaluation of the Fractal Dimension in the Apical Region of Primary Teeth with Unilateral and Bilateral Infraocclusion

Year 2024, , 127 - 135, 30.06.2024

Sema Kaya , Burçin Avcı

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.1485793

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to employ fractal analysis (FA) to determine potential variations in the mandibular trabecular bone structure in the apical region among individuals with unilateral and bilateral infraocclusion of primary teeth compared to a control group.

Materials and Methods: Forty-three carious primary teeth identified from panoramic radiographs taken for diagnostic purposes between January 2018 and December 2023 in the Department of Oral, Dental, and Maxillofacial Radiology of our institution were included in this investigation. Categorical variables were analyzed using the chi-square test, while continuous variables were assessed through Student paired t-tests and ANOVA tests. The threshold for statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results: The analysis revealed that the mean fractal dimension (FD) did not significantly differ between unilateral and bilateral infraocclusion groups based on gender (p > 0.05). Although the FDs in the apical regions of unilaterally infraoccluded teeth and their contralateral counterparts were observed to be lower, the disparity based on occlusion position did not reach statistical significance (p: 0.11). Moreover, no significant distinctions were observed in the FD or resorption levels between teeth exhibiting bilateral infraocclusion on the right and left sides (p: 0.877, p: 0.938). It was noted that the presence of an opposing tooth positively influenced the FD; however, this effect did not achieve statistical significance.

Conclusions: While infraocclusion is prevalent in mandibular primary molars, this study did not observe any discernible alterations in the mandibular trabecular bone structure attributable to infraocclusion. Unilateral infraocclusion, in particular, was found to be a common and relatively benign condition. Additionally, numerical anomalies such as hypodontia and supernumerary teeth might exhibit associations with infraocclusion.

Keywords

Fractals Infraocclusion Mandibula Panoramic Radiography

References

  • 1. Kurol J. Infraocclusion of primary molars: an epidemiologic and familial study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1981; 9(2):94-102.
  • 2. Williams HA, Zwemer JD, Hoyt DJ. Treating ankylosed primary teeth in adult patients: A case report. Quintessence Int 1995; 26(3): 161-166.
  • 3. Kurol J. Early treatment of tooth-eruption disturbances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002; 121(6):588-591.
  • 4. Peretz B, Absawi-Huri M, Bercovich R, Amir E. Inter-relations between infraocclusion of primary mandibular molars, tipping of adjacent teeth, and alveolar bone height. Pediatr Dent 2013; 35(4): 325-328.
  • 5. Brearley L. Ankylosis of primary molar teeth. I. Prevalence and characteristics. ASDC J Dent Child 1973; 40:54-63.
  • 6. Patano A, Inchingolo AM, Laudadio C, Azzollini D, Marinelli G, Ceci S ve ark. Therapeutic Strategies of Primary Molar Infraocclusion: A Systematic Review. Children 2023; 10(3):582.
  • 7. Henderson H. Ankylosis of primary molars: a clinical, radiographic, and histologic study. ASDC J Dent Child 1979; 46(2):117-122.
  • 8. Gündüz K, Muğlalı M, Inal S. Total impaction of deciduous maxillary molars: two case reports. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007; 8(6): 64-71.
  • 9. Koyoumdjisky-Kaye E, Steigman S. Ethnic variability in the prevalence of submerged primary molars. J Dent Res 1982; 61(12):1401-1404.
  • 10. Coşgunarslan A, Aşantoğrol F, Soydan Çabuk D, Canger EM. The effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the human mandible. Oral Radiol 2021; 37:20-28.
  • 11. Tolga Suer B, Yaman Z, Buyuksarac B. Correlation of Fractal Dimension Values with Implant Insertion Torque and Resonance Frequency Values at Implant Recipient Sites. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2016; 31(1):55-62.
  • 12. Updike SX, Nowzari H. Fractal analysis of dental radiographs to detect periodontitis‐induced trabecular changes. J Periodontal Res 2008; 43(6):658-664.
  • 13. Temur KT, Magat G, Coskunarslan A, Önsüren AS, Özcan S. Evaluation of Mandibular Trabecular Bone by Fractal Analysis in Pediatric Patients with Hypodontia, Int J Paediatr Dent 2022 Nov;32(6):776-784.
  • 14. Yasar F, Akgunlu F. The differences in panoramic mandibular indices and fractal dimension between patients with and without spinal osteoporosis. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2006; 35(1):1-9.
  • 15. Sansare K, Singh D, Karjodkar F. Changes in the fractal dimension on pre-and post-implant panoramic radiographs. Oral Radiol 2012; 28:15-23.
  • 16. Arsan B, Köse TE, Çene E, Özcan İ. Assessment of the trabecular structure of mandibular condyles in patients with temporomandibular disorders using fractal analysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2017; 123(3):382-391.
  • 17. Soğur E, Baksı B. Imaging systems used for diagnosis of periodontal pathology Part 2: Alternative Imaging Systems and Image Processing Methods. Ege Uni Dis Hek Fak Derg 2014; 35(1):10-18.
  • 18. White SC, Rudolph DJ. Alterations of the trabecular pattern of the jaws in patients with osteoporosis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1999; 88(5):628-635.
  • 19. Sidhu H, Ali A. Hypodontia, ankylosis and infraocclusion: report of a case restored with a fibre-reinforced ceromeric bridge. Br Dent J 2001; 191(11):613-616.
  • 20. Kurol J. Infraocclusion of primary molars. An epidemiological, familial, longitudinal clinical and histological study. Swed Dent J Suppl 1984; 21:1-67.
  • 21. Hanisch M, Hanisch L, Kleinheinz J, Jung S. Primary failure of eruption (PFE): a systematic review. Head Face Med 2018; 14:1-9.
  • 22. Silva CC, Edo MM, Llorente MSA, Leache EB. Primary molar infraocclusion: frequency, magnitude, root resorption and premolar agenesis in a Spanish sample. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2014; 15(3):258-264.
  • 23. Steigman S, Koyoumdjisky-Kaye E, Matrai Y. Submerged deciduous molars and congenital absence of premolars. J Dent Res 1973; 52(4):842-842.
  • 24. Bjerklin K, Bennett J. The long-term survival of lower second primary molars in subjects with agenesis of the premolars. Eur J Orthod 2000; 22(3):245-255.
  • 25. Ciftci ZZ, Kirzioglu Z, Saritekin A. Prevalence of infraocclusion in primary molars and accompanying dental variations in a Turkish sample. J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol 2021;10(3):128-133.
  • 26. Shalish M, Peck S, Wasserstein A, Peck L. Increased occurrence of dental anomalies associated with infraocclusion of deciduous molars. Angle Orthod 2010; 80(3):440-445.
  • 27. Odeh R, Mihailidis S, Townsend G, Lähdesmäki R, Hughes T, Brook A. Prevalence of infraocclusion of primary molars determined using a new 2D image analysis methodology. Aust Dent J 2016; 61(2):183-189.
  • 28. Steigman S, Koyoumdjisky-Kaye E, Matrai Y. Submerged deciduous molars in preschool children: an epidemiologic survey. J Dent Res 1973; 52(2):322-326.
  • 29. Zúñiga-Tertre MdP, Lucavechi-Alcayaga T, Barbería Leache E. Distribución y gravedad de las infraoclusiones de molares temporales. RCOE 2004; 9(1):53-59.
  • 30. Lindh C, Oliveira GHC, Leles CR, do Carmo Matias Freire M, Ribeiro‐Rotta RF. Bone quality assessment in routine dental implant treatment among Brazilian and Swedish specialists. Clin Oral Implants Res 2014; 25(9):1004-1009.
  • 31. Valle ALd, Lorenzoni FC, Martins LM, Valle CVMd, Henriques JFC, Almeida ALPFd ve ark. A multidisciplinary approach for the management of hypodontia: case report. J Appl Oral Sci,2011; 19:544-548.
  • 32. Agarwal P, Vinuth D, Dube G, Dube P. Nonsyndromic tooth agenesis patterns and associated developmental dental anomalies: a literature review with radiographic illustrations. Minerva Stomatol 2013; 62(1-2):31-41.
  • 33. Wang Y, He J, Decker A, Hu J, Zou D. Clinical outcomes of implant therapy in ectodermal dysplasia patients: a systematic review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 45(8):1035-1043.
  • 34. McGeown M, O’Connell A. Management of primary molar infraocclusion in general practice. J Ir Dent Assoc 2014;60(4):192-198.
  • 35. Calheiros-Lobo MJ, Costa F, Pinho T. Infraocclusion level and root resorption of the primary molar in second premolar agenesis: A retrospective cross-sectional study in the Portuguese population. Dent Med Prob 2022; 59(2):195-207.
  • 36. Robinson S, Chan MW. New teeth from old: treatment options for retained primary teeth. Br Dent J 2009; 207(7):315-320.
  • 37. AlNuaimi R, Mansoor M. Prosthetic rehabilitation with fixed prosthesis of a 5-year-old child with Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia and Oligodontia: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2019; 13:1-6.
  • 38. Kramer FJ, Baethge C, Tschernitschek H. Implants in children with ectodermal dysplasia: a case report and literature review. Clin Oral Implants Res 2007; 18(1):140-146.
  • 39. Chugh T, Jain AK, Jaiswal RK, Mehrotra P, Mehrotra R. Bone density and its importance in orthodontics. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2013; 3(2):92-97.
  • 40. Kurşun-Çakmak EŞ, Bayrak S. Comparison of fractal dimension analysis and panoramic-based radiomorphometric indices in the assessment of mandibular bone changes in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2018; 126(2):184-191.
  • 41. Yagmur B, Tercanli-Alkis H, Tayfun-Kupesiz F, Karayilmaz H, Kupesiz OA. Alterations of panoramic radiomorphometric indices in children and adolescents with beta-thalassemia major: A fractal analysis study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2022; 27(1):e10.
  • 42. Arhakis A, Boutiou E. Etiology, diagnosis, consequences and treatment of infraoccluded primary molars. Open Dent J 2016; 10:714.
  • 43. Magat G, Ozcan Sener S. Evaluation of trabecular pattern of mandible using fractal dimension, bone area fraction, and gray scale value: comparison of cone-beam computed tomography and panoramic radiography. Oral Radiol 2019; 35:35-42.
  • 44. Güleç M, Taşsöker M, Özcan S. Mandibular trabeküler kemiğin fraktal boyutu: Yaş, cinsiyet ve ilgi alani seçiminin önemi nedir? Selcuk Dent J 2019; 6(4):15-19.
  • 45. Soltani P, Sami S, Yaghini J, Golkar E, Riccitiello F, Spagnuolo G. Application of fractal analysis in detecting trabecular bone changes in periapical radiograph of patients with periodontitis. Int J Dent 2021 Oct 7:2021:3221448.
  • 46. Gunacar DN, Erbek SM, Aydınoglu S, Kose TE. Evaluation of the relationship between tooth decay and trabecular bone structure in pediatric patients using fractal analysis: a retrospective study. Eur Oral Res 2022; 56(2):67.
  • 47. Gulec M, Tassoker M, Ozcan S, Orhan K. Evaluation of the mandibular trabecular bone in patients with bruxism using fractal analysis. Oral Radiol 2021; 37:36-45.
  • 48. Kolcakoglu K, Amuk M, Sirin Sarıbal G. Evaluation of mandibular trabecular bone by fractal analysis on panoramic radiograph in paediatric patients with sleep bruxism. International J Paediatr Dent 2022; 32(6):776-784.
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Paedodontics
Journal Section Original Research Articles
Authors

Sema Kaya 0000-0002-6306-3901

Burçin Avcı 0000-0002-2066-0204

Publication Date June 30, 2024
Submission Date May 17, 2024
Acceptance Date June 19, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

EndNote Kaya S, Avcı B (June 1, 2024) Evaluation of the Fractal Dimension in the Apical Region of Primary Teeth with Unilateral and Bilateral Infraocclusion. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 27 2 127–135.

Cumhuriyet Dental Journal (Cumhuriyet Dent J, CDJ) is the official publication of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry. CDJ is an international journal dedicated to the latest advancement of dentistry. The aim of this journal is to provide a platform for scientists and academicians all over the world to promote, share, and discuss various new issues and developments in different areas of dentistry. First issue of the Journal of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry was published in 1998. In 2010, journal's name was changed as Cumhuriyet Dental Journal. Journal’s publication language is English.


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