Apical Sealing Ability of Different Endodontic Sealers Using Glucose Penetration Test: A Standardized Methodological Approach

Galvin Sim Siang Lin; Nik Rozainah Nik Abdul Ghani; Tahir Yusuf Noorani; Aimi Kamarudin

doi:10.7126/cumudj.704107

EN

Apical Sealing Ability of Different Endodontic Sealers Using Glucose Penetration Test: A Standardized Methodological Approach

Abstract

Objectives: To compare the apical sealing ability of four endodontic sealers based on glucose penetration method and validate the uses of contralateral teeth to provide a well-balanced experimental group.

Materials and methods: One-hundred-and-twenty (sixty pair) extracted contralateral lower premolars were selected and undergone strict radiographic protocol. Root canal anatomy of each pair contralateral teeth was matched buccolingually and mesiodistally according to inclusion criteria (single canal, mature apical foramen, canal type, canal width, length, and curvature). Matched-pair contralateral teeth were then reevaluated using CBCT and divided into right and left sides (n=60, each side). Next, all canals were instrumented up to size 30, taper 0.06. Subsequently, teeth were subdivided into five groups for each side and obturated with single cone gutta-percha (GP) and various sealers: Group 1 - GP only (control); Group 2 - EndoRez; Group 3 - Sealapex; Group 4 - EndoSeal MTA and Group 5 - BioRoot RCS. All samples were placed in an incubator at 37°C, 100% humidity for 72 hours. Four matched-pair teeth from each group were then subjected to thermocycling for 100 cycles, 1000 cycles and 10000 cycles, respectively. After that, they were decoronated, coated with three layers of nail varnish, and used for glucose penetration test. The concentrations of glucose (mmol/L) were measured after 24 hours. Data analyzed using One-way ANOVA complemented by post hoc Dunnett T3 Test and Paired sample T-Test.

Results: EndoSeal MTA demonstrated statistically significant (p<0.05) lowest glucose penetration followed by BioRoot RCS, Sealapex, EndoRez, and lastly control group. Apical sealing ability decreased as the number of thermocycles increased. No significant difference (p>0.05) was found between matched-pair contralateral teeth.

Conclusions: Bioceramic sealers demonstrated better sealing ability than resin and calcium hydroxide sealers. Using matched-pair contralateral teeth provided a well-balanced experimental group.

Keywords

EndoRez,Mineral trioxide aggregate,Root canal filling materials,Sealapex,Tricalcium silicate

References

1. Song M, Kim HC, Lee W, Kim E. Analysis of the cause of failure in nonsurgical endodontic treatment by microscopic inspection during endodontic microsurgery. J Endod 2011;37:1516-9. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.06.032.
2. Reader CM, Himel VT, Germain LP, Hoen MM. Effect of three obturation techniques on the filling of lateral canals and the main canal. Journal of endodontics 1993;19:404-8. doi: 10.1016/S0099-2399(06)81505-0.
3. Nair U, Ghattas S, Saber M, Natera M, Walker C, Pileggi R. A comparative evaluation of the sealing ability of 2 root-end filling materials: an in vitro leakage study using Enterococcus faecalis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2011;112:e74-7. doi: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.01.030.
4. Canalda-Sahli C, Brau-Aguade E, Sentis-Vilalta J, Aguade-Bruix S. The apical seal of root canal sealing cements using a radionuclide detection technique. International endodontic journal 1992;25:250-6.
5. Viapiana R, Moinzadeh AT, Camilleri L, Wesselink PR, Tanomaru Filho M, Camilleri J. Porosity and sealing ability of root fillings with gutta-percha and BioRoot RCS or AH Plus sealers. Evaluation by three ex vivo methods. Int Endod J 2016;49:774-82. doi: 10.1111/iej.12513.
6. Kim YK, Grandini S, Ames JM, Gu LS, Kim SK, Pashley DH, et al. Critical review on methacrylate resin-based root canal sealers. J Endod 2010;36:383-99. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2009.10.023.
7. Schwartz RS. Adhesive dentistry and endodontics. Part 2: bonding in the root canal system-the promise and the problems: a review. J Endod 2006;32:1125-34. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2006.08.003.
8. Al-Haddad A, Che Ab Aziz ZA. Bioceramic-Based Root Canal Sealers: A Review. Int J Biomater 2016;2016:9753210. doi: 10.1155/2016/9753210.

9. Altan H, Goztas Z, Inci G, Tosun G. Comparative evaluation of apical sealing ability of different root canal sealers. Eur Oral Res 2018;52:117-21. doi: 10.26650/eor.2018.438.
10. Barkhordar RA, Stark MM, Soelberg K. Evaluation of the apical sealing ability of apatite root canal sealer. Quintessence Int 1992;23:515-8.
11. Gomes-Filho JE, Moreira JV, Watanabe S, Lodi CS, Cintra LT, Dezan Junior E, et al. Sealability of MTA and calcium hydroxidecontaining sealers. J Appl Oral Sci 2012;20:347-51. doi: 10.1590/s1678-77572012000300009.
12. Xu J, Shao MY, Pan HY, Lei L, Liu T, Cheng L, et al. A proposal for using contralateral teeth to provide well-balanced experimental groups for endodontic studies. Int Endod J 2016;49:1001-8. doi: 10.1111/iej.12553.
13. da Silva Neto UX, de Moraes IG, Westphalen VP, Menezes R, Carneiro E, Fariniuk LF. Leakage of 4 resin-based root-canal sealers used with a single-cone technique. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2007;104:e53-7. doi: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2007.02.007.
14. Kardon BP, Kuttler S, Hardigan P, Dorn SO. An in vitro evaluation of the sealing ability of a new root-canal-obturation system. J Endod 2003;29:658-61. doi: 10.1097/00004770-200310000-00011.
15. Sevimay S, Kalayci A. Evaluation of apical sealing ability and adaptation to dentine of two resin-based sealers. J Oral Rehabil 2005;32:105-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2004.01385.x.
16. Tay FR, Loushine RJ, Monticelli F, Weller RN, Breschi L, Ferrari M, et al. Effectiveness of resin-coated gutta-percha cones and a dual-cured, hydrophilic methacrylate resin-based sealer in obturating root canals. J Endod 2005;31:659-64. doi: 10.1097/01.don.0000171942.69081.53.
17. Carvalho RM, Pereira JC, Yoshiyama M, Pashley DH. A review of polymerization contraction: the influence of stress development versus stress relief. Operative dentistry 1996;21:17-24.
18. Tay FR, Loushine RJ, Lambrechts P, Weller RN, Pashley DH. Geometric factors affecting dentin bonding in root canals: a theoretical modeling approach. Journal of endodontics 2005;31:584-9.
19. Caicedo R, Alongi DJ, Sarkar NK. Treatment-dependent calcium diffusion from two sealers through radicular dentine. Gen Dent 2006;54:178-81.
20. Atmeh AR, Chong EZ, Richard G, Festy F, Watson TF. Dentin-cement interfacial interaction: calcium silicates and polyalkenoates. J Dent Res 2012;91:454-9. doi: 10.1177/0022034512443068.
21. Camilleri J, Gandolfi MG, Siboni F, Prati C. Dynamic sealing ability of MTA root canal sealer. Int Endod J 2011;44:9-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01774.x.
22. Espir CG, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Spin-Neto R, Chavez-Andrade GM, Berbert FL, Tanomaru-Filho M. Solubility and bacterial sealing ability of MTA and root-end filling materials. J Appl Oral Sci 2016;24:121-5. doi: 10.1590/1678-775720150437.
23. Weller RN, Tay KC, Garrett LV, Mai S, Primus CM, Gutmann JL, et al. Microscopic appearance and apical seal of root canals filled with gutta-percha and ProRoot Endo Sealer after immersion in a phosphate-containing fluid. Int Endod J 2008;41:977-86. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01462.x.
24. Cherng AM, Chow LC, Takagi S. In vitro evaluation of a calcium phosphate cement root canal filler/sealer. J Endod 2001;27:613-5. doi: 10.1097/00004770-200110000-00003.
25. Zhang W, Li Z, Peng B. Assessment of a new root canal sealer's apical sealing ability. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009;107:e79-82. doi: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.02.024.
26. Amaral FL, Colucci V, Palma-Dibb RG, Corona SA. Assessment of in vitro methods used to promote adhesive interface degradation: a critical review. J Esthet Restor Dent 2007;19:340-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1708-8240.2007.00134.x.
27. Korkmaz Y, Gurgan S, Firat E, Nathanson D. Effect of adhesives and thermocycling on the shear bond strength of a nano-composite to coronal and root dentin. Oper Dent 2010;35:522-9. doi: 10.2341/09-185-L.
28. Brown WS, Dewey WA, Jacobs HR. Thermal properties of teeth. J Dent Res 1970;49:752-5. doi: 10.1177/00220345700490040701.
29. Minesaki Y. [Thermal properties of human teeth and dental cements]. Shika Zairyo Kikai 1990;9:633-46.
30. Lancaster P, Brettle D, Carmichael F, Clerehugh V. In-vitro Thermal Maps to Characterize Human Dental Enamel and Dentin. Front Physiol 2017;8:461. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00461.
31. Saghiri MA, Asatourian A, Garcia-Godoy F, Gutmann JL, Sheibani N. The impact of thermocycling process on the dislodgement force of different endodontic cements. Biomed Res Int 2013;2013:317185. doi: 10.1155/2013/317185.
32. Balbosh A, Kern M. Effect of surface treatment on retention of glass-fiber endodontic posts. J Prosthet Dent 2006;95:218-23. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2006.01.006.
33. Xu Q, Fan MW, Fan B, Cheung GS, Hu HL. A new quantitative method using glucose for analysis of endodontic leakage. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2005;99:107-11. doi: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2004.06.006.
34. Tabrizizadeh M, Kazemipoor M, Hekmati-Moghadam SH, Hakimian R. Impact of root canal preparation size and taper on coronal-apical micro-leakage using glucose penetration method. J Clin Exp Dent 2014;6:e344-9. doi: 10.4317/jced.51452.
35. Kaya BU, Kececi AD, Belli S. Evaluation of the sealing ability of gutta-percha and thermoplastic synthetic polymer-based systems along the root canals through the glucose penetration model. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2007;104:e66-73. doi: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2007.06.024.
36. Camps J, Pashley D. Reliability of the dye penetration studies. J Endod 2003;29:592-4. doi: 10.1097/00004770-200309000-00012.
37. Plotino G, Tocci L, Grande NM, Testarelli L, Messineo D, Ciotti M, et al. Symmetry of root and root canal morphology of maxillary and mandibular molars in a white population: a cone-beam computed tomography study in vivo. J Endod 2013;39:1545-8. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.09.012.
38. Felsypremila G, Vinothkumar TS, Kandaswamy D. Anatomic symmetry of root and root canal morphology of posterior teeth in Indian subpopulation using cone beam computed tomography: A retrospective study. Eur J Dent 2015;9:500-7. doi: 10.4103/1305-7456.172623.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Health Care Administration

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Galvin Sim Siang Lin ^*
0000-0002-3996-5470
Malaysia

Nik Rozainah Nik Abdul Ghani
0000-0002-2195-3076
Malaysia

Tahir Yusuf Noorani
0000-0002-4661-7458
Malaysia

Aimi Kamarudin
0000-0002-3033-4701
Malaysia

Publication Date

June 30, 2020

Submission Date

March 15, 2020

Acceptance Date

April 30, 2020

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Volume: 23 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.704107

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA62YY74YN

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

EndNote

Lin GSS, Nik Abdul Ghani NR, Noorani TY, Kamarudin A (June 1, 2020) Apical Sealing Ability of Different Endodontic Sealers Using Glucose Penetration Test: A Standardized Methodological Approach. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 23 2 79–87.

Cited By

Dislodgement resistance and adhesive pattern of different endodontic sealers to dentine wall after artificial ageing: an in-vitro study

Odontology

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-020-00535-7

The existence of butterfly effect and its impact on the dentinal microhardness and crack formation after root canal instrumentation

Odontology

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-021-00589-1

Vertical root fracture resistance and dentinal crack formation of root canal-treated teeth instrumented with different nickel–titanium rotary systems: an in-vitro study

Odontology

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-021-00643-y

Evaluation of push-out bond strength, dentinal tubule penetration and adhesive pattern of bio-ceramic and epoxy resin-based root canal sealers

PLOS ONE

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0294076

Comparative Evaluation of Penetrability of Various Bioceramic Sealers into the Tubules of Radicular Dentin

Journal of Advanced Oral Research

https://doi.org/10.1177/23202068241237329

Evaluation of microleakage of mineral trioxide aggregate and biodentine as apical barriers in simulated young permanent teeth

BMC Oral Health

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-024-04817-2

Physical properties comparison of four bioceramic vs. epoxy resin–based root canal sealers: an in vitro study

BMC Oral Health

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-07623-6

Apical Sealing Ability of Different Endodontic Sealers Using Glucose Penetration Test: A Standardized Methodological Approach

Öz

Apical Sealing Ability of Different Endodontic Sealers Using Glucose Penetration Test: A Standardized Methodological Approach

Abstract

Keywords

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

Cite

Cited By

Dislodgement resistance and adhesive pattern of different endodontic sealers to dentine wall after artificial ageing: an in-vitro study

The existence of butterfly effect and its impact on the dentinal microhardness and crack formation after root canal instrumentation

Vertical root fracture resistance and dentinal crack formation of root canal-treated teeth instrumented with different nickel–titanium rotary systems: an in-vitro study

An Insight into the Role of Marine Biopolymer Alginate in Endodontics: A Review

The influence of humidity on bond strength of AH Plus, BioRoot RCS, and Nanoseal-S sealers: An in vitro study

The management of separated endodontic instruments using a customized syringe and loop technique: A case series

Influence of Thermal and Mechanical Load Cycling on Fracture Resistance of Premolars Filled with Calcium Silicate Sealer

Evaluation of push-out bond strength, dentinal tubule penetration and adhesive pattern of bio-ceramic and epoxy resin-based root canal sealers

Comparative Evaluation of Penetrability of Various Bioceramic Sealers into the Tubules of Radicular Dentin

Evaluation of microleakage of mineral trioxide aggregate and biodentine as apical barriers in simulated young permanent teeth

Physical properties comparison of four bioceramic vs. epoxy resin–based root canal sealers: an in vitro study