Comparative Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength of Calcium Silicate-Based Pulp Capping Materials to Nano-Hybrid Composite Resins: An In-Vitro Study

Pınar Sadioğlu; Betül Kıcanaoğlu; Nurhan Özalp; Zeynep Ökte

doi:10.7126/cumudj.1856417

EN TR

Comparative Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength of Calcium Silicate-Based Pulp Capping Materials to Nano-Hybrid Composite Resins: An In-Vitro Study

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of different calcium silicate-based (CSB) pulp capping materials (Biodentine™ and TheraCal LC®) to two nano-hybrid composite resins. Materials and Methods: Biodentine™ and TheraCal LC® were applied to the central holes (4 mm × 2 mm) prepared in eighty acrylic blocks. Each group was randomly divided into two subgroups. Two nano-hybrid composites (Omnichroma and GC G-ænial) were applied over each different calcium silicate-based material using cylindrical polyethylene molds (2 mm × 2 mm) and light cured. Shear bond strength values were measured using a universal testing machine. Failure modes were examined under a stereomicroscope and classified as adhesive, cohesive, or mixed type. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk and independent t-tests. Results: SBS values for Omnichroma after the use of TheraCal LC® and Biodentine™ were 9.33 ± 2.46 MPa and 3.42 ± 1.02 MPa, respectively. Likewise, SBS values for G-ænial after the use of both CSB materials were 8.37 ± 1.83 MPa and 3.62 ± 1.36 MPa, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the two composite resins for either of the different calcium silicate-based materials (p=0.176 and p=0.726, respectively). Additionally, in the use of both composites, TheraCal LC® showed higher SBS values than Biodentine™ (p=0.001 and p=0.001). The most frequently observed failure mode was the mixed type for all restoratives. Conclusion: TheraCal LC® demonstrated higher bond strength compared with Biodentine™, and this finding suggests that it may serve as a more advantageous option in restorative applications.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

This study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK) under the 2224-A International Scientific Events Participation Support Program (Application No. 1919B0225XXXXX).

Ethical Statement

Ethical Statement This study does not contain any biological material or demographic data from humans or animals. Therefore, ethics committee approval is not required for this study.

Thanks

This study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK) under the 2224-A International Scientific Events Participation Support Program (Application No. 1919B0225XXXXX).

Kalsiyum Silikat Esaslı Pulpa Kapaklama Materyallerinin Nano-Hibrit Kompozit Rezinlere Makaslama Bağlanma Dayanımının Değerlendirilmesi: Bir In-vitro Çalışma

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, iki farklı kalsiyum silikat esaslı (KSE) pulpa kapaklama materyalinin (Biodentine™ ve TheraCal LC®) iki nano-hibrit kompozit rezine olan makaslama bağ dayanımının karşılaştırılmasını amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Seksen akrilik blokta oluşturulan merkezi boşluklara (4 mm × 2 mm) Biodentine™ veya TheraCal LC® uygulanmıştır. Her grup üzerine yerleştirilecek kompozit rezine göre rastgele iki alt gruba ayrılmıştır. İki nano-hibrit kompozit (Omnichroma (Tokuyama Dental) ve GC G-ænial (Corporation), pulpa kapaklama materyalleri üzerine silindirik polietilen kalıplar (2 mm × 2 mm) kullanılarak yerleştirilmiş ve ışıkla polimerize edilmiştir. Makaslama bağlanma dayanımı, universal test cihazı ile ölçülmüştür. Kırılma modları stereomikroskop altında incelenerek adeziv, koheziv veya mikst olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Shapiro–Wilk testi ve bağımsız örneklem t-testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: TheraCal LC® ve Biodentine™ uygulamaları sonrasında Omnichroma için bağlanma dayanımı değerleri sırasıyla 9,33 ± 2,46 MPa ve 3,42 ± 1,02 MPa olarak bulunmuştur. Benzer şekilde, G-ænial için bağlanma dayanımı değerleri sırasıyla 8,37 ± 1,83 MPa ve 3,62 ± 1,36 MPa olarak saptanmıştır. Kullanılan kompozit rezin açısından KSE materyaller arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır (p=0.176 ve p=0.726). Her iki kompozit için de TheraCal LC®, Biodentine™’e kıyasla anlamlı derecede daha yüksek bağlanma dayanımı değerleri göstermiştir (p=0.001 ve p=0.001). Tüm gruplarda en sık gözlenen kırılma modu mikst tip olmuştur. Sonuçlar: TheraCal LC®, Biodentine™’e kıyasla daha yüksek bağlanma dayanımı göstermiştir ve bu bulgu, restoratif uygulamalarda daha avantajlı bir seçenek olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Bu çalışma, Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu (TÜBİTAK) tarafından 2224-A Uluslararası Bilimsel Etkinliklere Katılımı Destekleme Programı kapsamında (Başvuru No: 1919B0225XXXXX) desteklenmiştir.

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma, insanlara veya hayvanlara ait herhangi bir biyolojik materyal ya da demografik veri içermemektedir. Bu nedenle, çalışma için etik kurul onayı gerekmemektedir.

Thanks

Bu çalışma, Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu (TÜBİTAK) tarafından 2224-A Uluslararası Bilimsel Etkinliklere Katılımı Destekleme Programı kapsamında (Başvuru No: 1919B0225XXXXX) desteklenmiştir.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Restorative Dentistry

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Pınar Sadioğlu ^*
0009-0004-6031-6426
Türkiye

Betül Kıcanaoğlu
0009-0003-5073-7190
Türkiye

Nurhan Özalp
0000-0003-4192-2960
Türkiye

Zeynep Ökte
0000-0001-5047-6347
Türkiye

Publication Date

September 30, 2026

Submission Date

January 5, 2026

Acceptance Date

August 27, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 29 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.1856417

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA95DR56DX

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Sadioğlu, P., Kıcanaoğlu, B., Özalp, N., & Ökte, Z. (2026). Comparative Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength of Calcium Silicate-Based Pulp Capping Materials to Nano-Hybrid Composite Resins: An In-Vitro Study. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal, 29(3), 400-410. https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.1856417

AMA

1.Sadioğlu P, Kıcanaoğlu B, Özalp N, Ökte Z. Comparative Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength of Calcium Silicate-Based Pulp Capping Materials to Nano-Hybrid Composite Resins: An In-Vitro Study. Cumhuriyet Dent J. 2026;29(3):400-410. doi:10.7126/cumudj.1856417

Chicago

Sadioğlu, Pınar, Betül Kıcanaoğlu, Nurhan Özalp, and Zeynep Ökte. 2026. “Comparative Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength of Calcium Silicate-Based Pulp Capping Materials to Nano-Hybrid Composite Resins: An In-Vitro Study”. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 29 (3): 400-410. https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.1856417.

EndNote

Sadioğlu P, Kıcanaoğlu B, Özalp N, Ökte Z (September 1, 2026) Comparative Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength of Calcium Silicate-Based Pulp Capping Materials to Nano-Hybrid Composite Resins: An In-Vitro Study. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 29 3 400–410.

IEEE

[1]P. Sadioğlu, B. Kıcanaoğlu, N. Özalp, and Z. Ökte, “Comparative Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength of Calcium Silicate-Based Pulp Capping Materials to Nano-Hybrid Composite Resins: An In-Vitro Study”, Cumhuriyet Dent J, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 400–410, Sept. 2026, doi: 10.7126/cumudj.1856417.

ISNAD

Sadioğlu, Pınar - Kıcanaoğlu, Betül - Özalp, Nurhan - Ökte, Zeynep. “Comparative Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength of Calcium Silicate-Based Pulp Capping Materials to Nano-Hybrid Composite Resins: An In-Vitro Study”. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 29/3 (September 1, 2026): 400-410. https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.1856417.

JAMA

1.Sadioğlu P, Kıcanaoğlu B, Özalp N, Ökte Z. Comparative Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength of Calcium Silicate-Based Pulp Capping Materials to Nano-Hybrid Composite Resins: An In-Vitro Study. Cumhuriyet Dent J. 2026;29:400–410.

MLA

Sadioğlu, Pınar, et al. “Comparative Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength of Calcium Silicate-Based Pulp Capping Materials to Nano-Hybrid Composite Resins: An In-Vitro Study”. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal, vol. 29, no. 3, Sept. 2026, pp. 400-1, doi:10.7126/cumudj.1856417.

Vancouver

1.Pınar Sadioğlu, Betül Kıcanaoğlu, Nurhan Özalp, Zeynep Ökte. Comparative Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength of Calcium Silicate-Based Pulp Capping Materials to Nano-Hybrid Composite Resins: An In-Vitro Study. Cumhuriyet Dent J. 2026 Sep. 1;29(3):400-1. doi:10.7126/cumudj.1856417