Evaluation of Porcelain Bond Strength and Oxide Layer Thickness of Frameworks Produced from Cobalt-Chromium Alloy Powders with Different Compositions: An In Vitro Study

Samir Fatullayev; Haydar Albayrak; Mustafa Ayata; Simanur Bayyıldız

doi:10.7126/cumudj.1688512

Evaluation of Porcelain Bond Strength and Oxide Layer Thickness of Frameworks Produced from Cobalt-Chromium Alloy Powders with Different Compositions: An In Vitro Study

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this research is to assess the oxide layer thickness in Co-Cr frameworks sourced from various suppliers and explore its correlation with the strength of the metal-ceramic bond. Materials and Methods: Three groups were formed: Group C (Wirobond C), produced via the casting technique; Group M (Meto powder) and Group R (Remanium Star CL powder), both fabricated using the selective laser melting (SLM) method. MC bond strength was evaluated by the three-point bending test in accordance with ISO 9693-1:2022, while oxide layer thicknesses were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and confirmed through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0. One-way ANOVA was applied to bond strength values, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for oxide layer data. Results: No statistically significant difference was observed in MC bond strength among the groups (p = 0.69). Each group demonstrated bond strength values exceeding the 25 MPa clinical acceptability limit. In contrast, a statistically significant difference in oxide layer thickness was found, with Group R exhibiting a thicker oxide layer than the others (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Although the oxide layer thicknesses varied depending on the manufacturing method and powder composition, these differences did not affect MC bond strength. Further research is required to clarify the influence of trace elements and define the optimal oxide layer thickness for improved long-term performance of MC restorations.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Unit of Erciyes University Scientific Research Projects

Project Number

TDH-2021-11099

Ethical Statement

Since this study was conducted in vitro and did not involve human or animal subjects, ethical approval was not required.

Thanks

This study was supported by Project Number TDH-2021-11099 by the Unit of Erciyes University Scientific Research Projects. We would like to thank the Proofreading & Editing Office of the Dean for Research at Erciyes University for the copyediting and proofreading service for this manuscript.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Dental Materials

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Samir Fatullayev
0000-0003-0816-4387
Türkiye

Haydar Albayrak
0000-0002-2833-1317
Türkiye

Mustafa Ayata ^*
0000-0001-6102-9729
Türkiye

Simanur Bayyıldız
0009-0001-7905-425X
Türkiye

Publication Date

December 29, 2025

Submission Date

May 1, 2025

Acceptance Date

June 23, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 28 Number: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.1688512

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA53XD24JZ

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

EndNote

Fatullayev S, Albayrak H, Ayata M, Bayyıldız S (December 1, 2025) Evaluation of Porcelain Bond Strength and Oxide Layer Thickness of Frameworks Produced from Cobalt-Chromium Alloy Powders with Different Compositions: An In Vitro Study. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 28 4 497–504.