Evaluation of prevalence and dimension of Pineal Gland Calcification by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)

Muazzez Suzen; Emrah Dilaver; Sina Uçkan

doi:10.7126/cumudj.1111722

EN

Evaluation of prevalence and dimension of Pineal Gland Calcification by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)

Abstract

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and dimensions of pineal gland calcification using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in patients undergoing dental treatment. Materials and Methods: CBCTs that localized pineal gland in the fov range was selected in this retrospective study. The presence of pineal gland calcification (PGC) was noted. Vertical, horizontal and areal measurements were made by a single observer (M.S). Variables such as age, gender for each patient were recorded using previous clinical examination data. Results: The prevalence of pineal gland calcification was 33.64% (female to male ratio 3:2). The difference between males and females was not significant (p>0.05). PGC was highly seen in older patients when compared with younger patients (p:000). The average vertical and horizontal dimension of PGC was 2,56±0,98mm and 3,39±1,29 mm respectively. The average total calcified area was 5,45±3,75 mm2. Conclusion: This study did not find any correlation between age, gender, and linear measurements. However, the average calcified are in men was found to be significantly higher than in women.

Keywords

References

1. Reiter RJ. The Mammalian Pineal Gland: Structure and function. Am J Anat. 1981; 162(4):287-313.
2. Kappers AJ: The mammalian pineal gland, a survey. Acta neurochir, 1976; 34(1-4): 109-149.
3. Palaoğlu S, Beşkonaklı, E. Pineal bez ve yaşlanma. Turkish Journal of Geriatrics,1998; 1(1):13-18.
4. Pandi-Perumal SR, Srinivasan V, Maestroni GJM, Cardinali DP, Poeggeler B, Hardeland R. Melatonin: nature's most versatile biological signal? The FEBS journal. 2006;273(13): 2813-38.
5. Reiter RJ. Melatonin: clinical relevance. Best practice & research clinical endocrinology & metabolism.2003; 17(2): 273-85, 2003.
6. Scharenberger K, and liss,L. the histological structure of the human pineal body. progress in brain research. 1965; 10: 193-217.
7. A. Schüller, Roentgen Diagnosis of Diseases of the Head, C.V. MosbyComp., St. Louis, 1918, p. 156.
8. TurgutA, Karakaş HM, Özsunar Y, Altın L, Çeken K, Alıcıoğlu B, et.al. Age-related changes in the incidence of pineal gland calcification in Turkey: A prospective multicenter CT study. Pathophysiology.2008; 15(1): 41-48.

9. Wurtman RJ, Axelrod J, Barchas JD. Age and enzyme activity in human pineal, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.1964;24: 299– 301.
10. Haghighi MH, Rezaei V, Zarrintan S, Pourfathi H. Intracranial physiological calcifications in adults on computed tomography in Tabriz, Iran. Folia Morphol 2007; 66: 115–119.
11. Whitehead MT, Oh C, Raju A, Choudhri AF. Physiologic pineal region, choroid plexus, and dural calcifications in the first decade of life. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 36: 575-80.
12. Doyle AJ, Anderson GD. Physiologic calcification of the pineal gland in children on computed tomography: prevalence, observer reliability and association with choroid plexus calcification. Acad Radiol 2006; 13: 822-6.
13. Mutalik S,Tadinada A. Prevalence of pineal gland calcification as an incidental finding in patients referred for implant dental therapy. Imaging science in dentistry. 2017; 47(3): 175-180.
14. Tharnpanich, T, Johns J, Subongkot S, Johns NP, Kitkhuandee A, Toomsan Y, Luengpailinc S.Association between high pineal fluoride content and pineal calcification in a low fluoride area. Fluoride. 2016;49(4): 472-484.
15. Kitkhuandee A, Sawanyawisuth K, Johns NP, Kanpittaya J, Johns J. Pineal calcification is associated with symptomatic cerebral infarction. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2014; 23: 249-53.
16. Mahlberg R, Walther S, Kalus P, Bohner G, Handel S, Reischies FM, et al. Pineal calcification in Alzheimer’s disease: an in vivo study using computed tomography. Neurobiol Aging 2008; 29: 203-9.
17. Yalcin A, Ceylan M, Bayraktutan O F, Sonkaya A R, Yuce I. Age and gender related prevalence of intracranial calcifications in CT imaging; data from 12,000 healthy subjects. Journal of chemical neuroanatomy.2016;78: 20-24.
18. E. Y. Choi, J. Y. Jin, J. Y. Lee, J. I. Choi, I. S. Choi, and S. J. Kim, “Melatonin inhibits Prevotella intermedia lipopolysaccharide-induced production of nitric oxide and interleukin-6 in murine macrophages by suppressing NF-κB and STAT1 activity,” Journal of Pineal Research.2011;50(2): 197-206.
19. C. Mechin and C. Toury, “Action of cariogenic diet on fixation and retention of skeleton and teeth strontium in rats,” Revue Odonto Stomatologique.1973; 20(1): 55–59.
20. Hossain MF, Uddin MS, Uddin GMS, Sumsuzzman DM, Islam MS, Barreto GE, Mathew B, Ashraf GM. Melatonin in Alzheimer's Disease: A Latent Endogenous Regulator of Neurogenesis to Mitigate Alzheimer's Neuropathology. Mol Neurobiol. 2019;56(12):8255-8276.
21. Kay SR, Sandyk R. Experimental models of schizophrenia. Int. J. Neurosci. 1991;58: 69-82.
22. Sedghizadeh PP, Nguyen M, Enciso R. Intracranial physiological calcifications evaluated with cone beam CT. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2012; 41: 675-8.
23. Abbassioun K, Aarabi B, Zarabi M. A comparative study of physiologic intracranial calcifications. Pahlavi Med J. 1978; 9: 152–166.
24. Mohammed KA, Boakye EA, Ismail HA, Geneus CJ, Tobo BB, Buchanan PM, Zelicoff AP. Pineal gland calcification in Kurdistan: a cross-sectional study of 480 roentgenograms. PloS one. 2016;11(7): e0159239
25. Barghan S, Tahmasbi Arashlow M, Nair MK. Incidental findings on cone-beam computed tomography studies outside of the maxillofacial skeleton. Int J Dent. 2016; 2016: 9196503.
26. Pette GA, Norkin FJ, Ganeles J, Hardigan P, Lask E, Zfaz S, et al. “Incidental findings from a retrospective study of 318 cone-beam computed tomography consultation reports.,” The International Journal ofOral& Maxillofacial Implants. 2 012; 27(3): 595-603.
27. Admassie D, Mekonnen A. “Incidence of normal pineal and choroid plexus calcification on brain CT (computerized tomography) at Tikur Anbessa TeachingHospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,” Ethiopian Medical Journal. 2009; 47(1): 55-60.
28. Deepak S, Jayakumar B, Shanavas. “Extensive intracranial calcification,” Journal of Association of Physicians of India.2005; 53: 948.
29. Grech, R, Grech S, Mizzi A. Intracranial Calcifications: A Pictorial Review. The neuroradiology journal. 2012; 25(4): 427-451.
30. Mechin JA, Toury C. “Action of melatonin on caries development in rats,” Journal of Dental Research.1976; 55(3): 555.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Health Care Administration

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Muazzez Suzen ^*
0000-0001-5121-9158
Türkiye

Emrah Dilaver
0000-0003-4522-1424
Türkiye

Sina Uçkan
0000-0003-1077-7342
Türkiye

Publication Date

October 1, 2022

Submission Date

April 30, 2022

Acceptance Date

September 7, 2022

Published in Issue

Year 2022 Volume: 25 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.1111722

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA62CZ98PA

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

EndNote

Suzen M, Dilaver E, Uçkan S (October 1, 2022) Evaluation of prevalence and dimension of Pineal Gland Calcification by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 25 3 258–262.

Cited By

Peculiarities of psammoma bodies distribution in the human pineal gland: a new approach to determining the functional significance of pineal gland calcifications

Сибирский научный медицинский журнал

https://doi.org/10.18699/SSMJ20250411

Öz

Evaluation of prevalence and dimension of Pineal Gland Calcification by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)

Abstract

Keywords

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

Cite

Cited By

Peculiarities of psammoma bodies distribution in the human pineal gland: a new approach to determining the functional significance of pineal gland calcifications