Derleme
COVID-19 Hastaların Yoğun Bakım Ünitelerinde Tedavi ve Bakım Girişimlerine İlişkin Güncel Yaklaşımlar
Öz
COVID-19 hastaları, gelişen şiddetli akut solunum sıkıntısı sendromuna bağlı olarak, solunum desteği yaklaşımlarının yanı sıra gelişen ciddi organ disfonksiyonlarına bağlı, yoğun bakım ünitesinde organ destek sistemlerine gereksinim duymaktadırlar. Yoğun bakım ünitesinde çalışan sağlık profesyonellerinin, özellikle bulaş riski yüksek olan koronavirüs hastalığına yönelik infeksiyon kontrolü önlemlerine öncelik vererek hastaların tedavi ve bakım sürecini sürdürmeleri oldukça önem kazanmıştır. Bu derlemede, pandemi süresince dünya genelinde yoğun bakım ünitesinde takip edilen COVID-19 hastaların tedavi ve bakım süreçlerine ilişkin güncel bilgiler ve yaklaşımlara yer verilerek en önemli noktaların vurgulanması amaçlanmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) (2020). Naming the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the virus that causes it. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/naming-the-coronavirus-disease-(covid-2019)-and-the-virus-that-causes-it, Erişim tarihi: 10.05.2020. 2. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) (2020). WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard, https://covid19.who.int, Erişim tarihi: 20.05.2020. 3. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 2020;395(10223):497-506. 4. Wu Z., Mcgoogan J. M. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Jama 2020, 323.13: 1239-1242. 5. Guan, Wei-jie, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. New England journal of medicine, 2020, 382.18: 1708-1720. 6. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) (2020). Health Systems Respond to COVID-19 Technical Guidance Creating surge capacity for acute and intensive care Recommendations for the WHO European Region (6 April 2020), http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/437469/TG2-CreatingSurgeAcuteICUcapacity-eng.pdf , Erişim tarihi: 15/05/2020. 7. Halaclı B., Kaya, Akin; İskit, A. Critically ill COVID-19 patient. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 2020, 50.SI-1: 585-591. 8. Vergano M., Bertolini G., Giannini A., Gristina G. R., Livigni S., Mistraletti,G., ... & Petrini, F. Clinical ethics recommendations for the allocation of intensive care treatments in exceptional, resource-limited circumstances: the Italian perspective during the COVID-19 epidemic 2020, 24:165 9. Arentz M, Yim E, Klaff L, Lokhandwala S, Riedo FX et al. Characteristics and outcomes of 21 critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Washington State. JAMA 2020. 10. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü. (2020). COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 Enfeksı̇yonu) Rehberı̇ (14 Nisan 2020). https://covid19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/depo/rehberler/COVID-19_Rehberi.pdf , Erişim tarihi: 05.05.2020. 11. Liu Y., Yan L. M., Wan L., Xiang T. X., Le A., Liu J. M., & Zhang W. Viral dynamics in mild and severe cases of COVID-19. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2020. 12. Lescure F. X., Bouadma L., Nguyen D., Parisey M., Wicky P. H., Behillil S., & Enouf V. Clinical and virological data of the first cases of COVID-19 in Europe: a case series. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2020. 13. Zou L., Ruan F., Huang M., Liang L., Huang H., Hong Z., & Guo Q. SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients. New England Journal of Medicine 2020; 382.12: 1177-1179. 14. Brewster D. J., Chrimes N. C., Do T. B., Fraser K., Groombridge C. J., Higgs, A., & Nickson C. P. Consensus statement: Safe Airway Society principles of airway management and tracheal intubation specific to the COVID-19 adult patient group. Med J Aust 2020, 16. 15. Miller G. A., Buck C. R., Kang C. S., Aviles J. M., Younggren B. N., Osborn S., & Keay C. R. COVID‐19 in Seattle—Early lessons learned. Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open 2020; 1(2), 85-91. 16. Türk Yoğun Bakım Hemşireleri Derneği. (2020). Yoğun Bakım Ünı̇tesı̇nde Görev Alacak Hemşı̇reler İçı̇n Kaynak Kı̇tapçık Covıd-19 Pandemı̇sı̇’ne Özel, https://tybhd.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/TYBHD_COVID19_Kitapçık-11.04.2020.pdf, erişim tarihi: 15.05.2020 17. Gattinoni L., Chiumello D., Caironi P., Busana M., Romitti F., Brazzi L., & Camporota L. COVID-19 pneumonia: different respiratory treatments for different phenotypes?. Intensive care medicine 2020, 1. 18. Alhazzani W., Møller M. H., Arabi, Y. M., Loeb M., Gong M. N., Fan E., . & Du B. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: guidelines on the management of critically ill adults with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Intensive care medicine 2020; 1-34 19. Weingart S. (2020). COVID Airway Management Thoughts, https://emcrit.org/emcrit/covid-airway-management/, Erişim tarihi;: 20.04.2020. 20. Caı H., Chen Y., Chen Z., Fang Q., Han W., Hu S., Lı Ji., Lı T., Lu X., Qu T., Shen Y., Sheng J., Wang H., Weı G., Xu K., Zhao X., Zhong Z., Zhou J. . COVID-19 Önleme ve Tedavi El Kitabı, 2020. 21. American Association Critical-Care Nurses (AACN). Good V., Luehrs P. AACN Continous End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Monitoring, AACN Procedure Manual for Critical Care (Debra Lynn, McHale Wigand), Saunders, 2017; 105-110. 22. Cook T. M., El‐Boghdadly K., McGuire B., McNarry A. F., Patel A., & Higgs A. Consensus guidelines for managing the airway in patients with COVID‐19: Guidelines from the Difficult Airway Society, the Association of Anaesthetists the Intensive Care Society, the Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine and the Royal College of Anaesthetists. Anaesthesia 2020. 23. Grasselli, G., Zangrillo, A., Zanella, A., Antonelli, M., Cabrini, L., Castelli, A., & Iotti, G. Baseline characteristics and outcomes of 1591 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy region, Italy. Jama 2020; 323(16): 1574-1581. 24. Munshi L, Del Sorbo L, Adhikari NKJ, Hodgson CL, Wunsch H, Meade MO, Uleryk E, Mancebo J, Pesenti A, Ranieri VM, Fan E. Prone position for acute respiratory distress syndrome. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2017;14:280–288 25. Guérin C., Reignier J., Richard J. C., Beuret P., Gacouin A., Boulain T., & Clavel M. PROSEVA Study Group. Prone positioning in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 2013; 368(23):2159-2168. 26. Nyren S, Radell P, Lindahl SG, Mure M, Petersson J, Larsson SA, Jacobsson H, Sanchez-Crespo A. Lung ventilation and perfusion in prone and supine postures with reference to anesthetized and mechanically ventilated healthy volunteers. Anesthesiology 2010; 112:682–687 27. Yang X, Yu Y, Xu J, Shu H, Xia J, Liu H, Wu Y, Zhang L, Yu Z, Fang M, Yu T, Wang Y, Pan S, Zou X, Yuan S, Shang Y Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med 2020; 8(5): 475-481. 28. Elharrar X., Trigui Y., Dols A. M., Touchon F., Martinez S., Prud’homme E., & Papazian L. Use of Prone Positioning in Nonintubated Patients With COVID-19 and Hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure. Jama 2020. 29. Taccone P., Pesenti A., Latini R., Polli F., Vagginelli F., Mietto C., & Mancebo J. Prone positioning in patients with moderate and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Jama 2009;18: 1977-1984 30. Ding L., Wang L., Ma W., & He H. Efficacy and safety of early prone positioning combined with HFNC or NIV in moderate to severe ARDS: a multi-center prospective cohort study. Critical care 2020; 24.1: 28. 31. Scaravilli V., Grasselli G., Castagna L., Zanella A., Isgrò S., Lucchini A., & Pesenti A. Prone positioning improves oxygenation in spontaneously breathing nonintubated patients with hypoxemic acute respiratory failure: a retrospective study. Journal of critical care 2015; 30(6): 1390-1394. 32. Longhini F., Bruni A., Garofalo E., Navalesi P., Grasselli G., Cosentini R., & Vitale F. Helmet Continuous Positive Airway Pressure and prone positioning: a proposal for an early management of COVID-19 patients. Pulmonology 2020. 33. Lucchini A., Bambi S., Mattiussi E., Elli S., Villa L., Bondi H., & Foti G. Prone Position in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of Complications. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing 2020, 39.1: 39-46. 34. Girard R., Baboi L., Ayzac L., Richard J. C., Guérin C., & Proseva Trial Group. The impact of patient positioning on pressure ulcers in patients with severe ARDS: results from a multicentre randomised controlled trial on prone positioning. Intensive care medicine, 2014, 40.3: 397-403. 35. Kim RS, Mullins K. Preventing facial pressure ulcers in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs 2016;43:427–429. 36. Avrupa Basınç Ülseri Danışma Paneli (EPUAP – European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel) ile Ulusal Basınç Ülseri Danışma Paneli’nin (NPUAP – National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel) (2016). Basınç Ülserlerinin Tedavisi Hızlı Başvuru Kılavuzu, https://www.epuap.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/qrg_treatment_in_turkish.pdf, Erişim tarihi: 01.05.2020 37. Yara Bakımı Derneği (2020). Basınç Ülseri- Basınç (Bası) Yarası- Dekübit Ülseri-Yatak Yarası- Dekübit. http://yarabakimidernegi.org.tr/sayfa-basi-yarasi-55.html, Erişim tarihi: 18.05.2020 38. Türk Yoğun Bakım Derneği (TYBD). COVID-19 İlişkili Septik Şok Tedavisi - TYBD Bilimsel Görüşü, https://www.yogunbakim.org.tr/haberler/7670/COVID-19-İlişkili-Septik-Şok-Tedavisi---TYBD-Bilimsel-Görüşü, Erişim tarihi: 01.05.2020. 39. Macdonald SPJ, Keijzers G, Taylor DM, Kinnear F, Arendts G, Fatovich DM, et al. Restricted fluid resuscitation in suspected sepsis associated hypotension (REFRESH): a pilot randomised controlled trial. Intensive Care Med 2018;44(12):2070-8. 40. Cinel I, Kasapoglu US, Gul F, Dellinger RP. The initial resuscitation of septic shock. J Crit Care 2020;57:108-17. 41. Reintam Blaser A, Starkopf J, Alhazzani W, Berger MM, Casaer MP, Deane AM, Fruhwald S, Hiesmayr M, Ichai C, Jakob SM, Loudet CI, Malbrain ML, Montejo Gonzalez JC, Paugam-Burtz C, Poeze M, Preiser JC, Singer P, van Zanten AR, De Waele J, Wendon J, Wernerman J, Whitehouse T, Wilmer A, Oudemans-van Straaten HM, Function EWGoG (2017) Early enteral nutrition in critically ill patients: ESICM clinical practice guidelines. Intensive Care Med 43:380–398 42. Preiser JC, Chiolero R, Singer P. Yoğun Bakımda Beslenme Desteği, Modül, Nütrisyon Yolları, http://www.yogunbakimdergisi.org/managete/fu_folder/2006-EK/html/2006-6-Ek-1-057-068.htm, Erişim tarihi : 29.04.2020 43. Klok FA, Kruip MJHA, van der Meer NJM, Arbous MS, Gommers DAMPJ et al. Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19. Thrombosis Research 2020. 44. Phua J, Weng L, Ling L, Egi M, Lim CM et al. Intensive care management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): challenges and recommendations. Lancet Respiratory Medicine 2020; 45. Cheng Y, Luo R, Wang K, et al. Kidney disease is associated with in-hospital death of patients with COVID-19 [published online ahead of print March 19, 2020]. Kidney Int. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2020.03.005 46. Naicker S., Yang C. W., Hwang S. J., Liu B. C., Chen J. H., & Jha V. The Novel Coronavirus 2019 epidemic and kidneys. Kidney International 2020; 97(5): 824-828. 47. Li Z., Wu M., Yao J., Guo J., Liao X., Song S., ... & Zhou, Z. Caution on kidney dysfunctions of COVID-19 patients. 2020. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3559601, Erişim tarihi: 01.05.2020. 48. American Society of Nephrology (ASN). Recommendations on the care of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and kidney failure requiring renal replacement therapy. https://www. asn-online.org/g/blast/files/AKI_COVID-19_Recommendations_ Document_03.21.2020.pdf. Erişim tarihi: 30.04. 2020. 49. Durvasula R., Wellington T., McNamara E., & Watnick S. COVID-19 and Kidney Failure in the Acute Care Setting: Our Experience From Seattle. American Journal of Kidney Diseases 2020. 50. Ören B., Zengın Neriman. Yoğun Bakım Ünitelerindeki Akut Böbrek Yetmezliği ve Renal Replasman Tedavisinde Hemşirelik Yönetimi. Yoğun Bakım Hemşireliği Dergisi 2017; 21(2): 42-49. 51. Resusitasyon Derneği. (2020). COVID-19 Hastaları İçin Erişkin İleri Yaşam Desteği Algoritması, http://resusitasyon.org/tr/etkinlikler-haberler/291-covid-19-hastalari-icin-eriskin-ileri-yasam-destegi-algoritmasi.html, Erişim tarihi: 01.05.2020 52. Türk Nefroloji Derneği. COVID-19 ve Nefroloji, http://www.nefroloji.org.tr/haber.php?id=283, erişim tarihi: 01.05.2020 53. European Society of Paediatric Neonatal Intensive Care (ESPNIC). Practical guidance for nurses caring for covid-19 patients in the PICU, https://dochub.com/info-espnic-online/2GQ1NXoKyj7mm4dVDkW6bx/final-espnic-nursing-webinar-7-april-2020-pptx?dt=a6V2EDrGC1Qe7GtHr7QY, Erişim tarihi: 30.04.2020
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 24 Sayı: EK-1 - Covid-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Yoğun Bakım Hemşireliği, 46 - 56, 05.06.2020
Öz
Kaynakça
- 1. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) (2020). Naming the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the virus that causes it. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/naming-the-coronavirus-disease-(covid-2019)-and-the-virus-that-causes-it, Erişim tarihi: 10.05.2020. 2. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) (2020). WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard, https://covid19.who.int, Erişim tarihi: 20.05.2020. 3. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 2020;395(10223):497-506. 4. Wu Z., Mcgoogan J. M. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Jama 2020, 323.13: 1239-1242. 5. Guan, Wei-jie, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. New England journal of medicine, 2020, 382.18: 1708-1720. 6. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) (2020). Health Systems Respond to COVID-19 Technical Guidance Creating surge capacity for acute and intensive care Recommendations for the WHO European Region (6 April 2020), http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/437469/TG2-CreatingSurgeAcuteICUcapacity-eng.pdf , Erişim tarihi: 15/05/2020. 7. Halaclı B., Kaya, Akin; İskit, A. Critically ill COVID-19 patient. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 2020, 50.SI-1: 585-591. 8. Vergano M., Bertolini G., Giannini A., Gristina G. R., Livigni S., Mistraletti,G., ... & Petrini, F. Clinical ethics recommendations for the allocation of intensive care treatments in exceptional, resource-limited circumstances: the Italian perspective during the COVID-19 epidemic 2020, 24:165 9. Arentz M, Yim E, Klaff L, Lokhandwala S, Riedo FX et al. Characteristics and outcomes of 21 critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Washington State. JAMA 2020. 10. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü. (2020). COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 Enfeksı̇yonu) Rehberı̇ (14 Nisan 2020). https://covid19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/depo/rehberler/COVID-19_Rehberi.pdf , Erişim tarihi: 05.05.2020. 11. Liu Y., Yan L. M., Wan L., Xiang T. X., Le A., Liu J. M., & Zhang W. Viral dynamics in mild and severe cases of COVID-19. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2020. 12. Lescure F. X., Bouadma L., Nguyen D., Parisey M., Wicky P. H., Behillil S., & Enouf V. Clinical and virological data of the first cases of COVID-19 in Europe: a case series. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2020. 13. Zou L., Ruan F., Huang M., Liang L., Huang H., Hong Z., & Guo Q. SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients. New England Journal of Medicine 2020; 382.12: 1177-1179. 14. Brewster D. J., Chrimes N. C., Do T. B., Fraser K., Groombridge C. J., Higgs, A., & Nickson C. P. Consensus statement: Safe Airway Society principles of airway management and tracheal intubation specific to the COVID-19 adult patient group. Med J Aust 2020, 16. 15. Miller G. A., Buck C. R., Kang C. S., Aviles J. M., Younggren B. N., Osborn S., & Keay C. R. COVID‐19 in Seattle—Early lessons learned. Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open 2020; 1(2), 85-91. 16. Türk Yoğun Bakım Hemşireleri Derneği. (2020). Yoğun Bakım Ünı̇tesı̇nde Görev Alacak Hemşı̇reler İçı̇n Kaynak Kı̇tapçık Covıd-19 Pandemı̇sı̇’ne Özel, https://tybhd.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/TYBHD_COVID19_Kitapçık-11.04.2020.pdf, erişim tarihi: 15.05.2020 17. Gattinoni L., Chiumello D., Caironi P., Busana M., Romitti F., Brazzi L., & Camporota L. COVID-19 pneumonia: different respiratory treatments for different phenotypes?. Intensive care medicine 2020, 1. 18. Alhazzani W., Møller M. H., Arabi, Y. M., Loeb M., Gong M. N., Fan E., . & Du B. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: guidelines on the management of critically ill adults with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Intensive care medicine 2020; 1-34 19. Weingart S. (2020). COVID Airway Management Thoughts, https://emcrit.org/emcrit/covid-airway-management/, Erişim tarihi;: 20.04.2020. 20. Caı H., Chen Y., Chen Z., Fang Q., Han W., Hu S., Lı Ji., Lı T., Lu X., Qu T., Shen Y., Sheng J., Wang H., Weı G., Xu K., Zhao X., Zhong Z., Zhou J. . COVID-19 Önleme ve Tedavi El Kitabı, 2020. 21. American Association Critical-Care Nurses (AACN). Good V., Luehrs P. AACN Continous End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Monitoring, AACN Procedure Manual for Critical Care (Debra Lynn, McHale Wigand), Saunders, 2017; 105-110. 22. Cook T. M., El‐Boghdadly K., McGuire B., McNarry A. F., Patel A., & Higgs A. Consensus guidelines for managing the airway in patients with COVID‐19: Guidelines from the Difficult Airway Society, the Association of Anaesthetists the Intensive Care Society, the Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine and the Royal College of Anaesthetists. Anaesthesia 2020. 23. Grasselli, G., Zangrillo, A., Zanella, A., Antonelli, M., Cabrini, L., Castelli, A., & Iotti, G. Baseline characteristics and outcomes of 1591 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy region, Italy. Jama 2020; 323(16): 1574-1581. 24. Munshi L, Del Sorbo L, Adhikari NKJ, Hodgson CL, Wunsch H, Meade MO, Uleryk E, Mancebo J, Pesenti A, Ranieri VM, Fan E. Prone position for acute respiratory distress syndrome. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2017;14:280–288 25. Guérin C., Reignier J., Richard J. C., Beuret P., Gacouin A., Boulain T., & Clavel M. PROSEVA Study Group. Prone positioning in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 2013; 368(23):2159-2168. 26. Nyren S, Radell P, Lindahl SG, Mure M, Petersson J, Larsson SA, Jacobsson H, Sanchez-Crespo A. Lung ventilation and perfusion in prone and supine postures with reference to anesthetized and mechanically ventilated healthy volunteers. Anesthesiology 2010; 112:682–687 27. Yang X, Yu Y, Xu J, Shu H, Xia J, Liu H, Wu Y, Zhang L, Yu Z, Fang M, Yu T, Wang Y, Pan S, Zou X, Yuan S, Shang Y Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med 2020; 8(5): 475-481. 28. Elharrar X., Trigui Y., Dols A. M., Touchon F., Martinez S., Prud’homme E., & Papazian L. Use of Prone Positioning in Nonintubated Patients With COVID-19 and Hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure. Jama 2020. 29. Taccone P., Pesenti A., Latini R., Polli F., Vagginelli F., Mietto C., & Mancebo J. Prone positioning in patients with moderate and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Jama 2009;18: 1977-1984 30. Ding L., Wang L., Ma W., & He H. Efficacy and safety of early prone positioning combined with HFNC or NIV in moderate to severe ARDS: a multi-center prospective cohort study. Critical care 2020; 24.1: 28. 31. Scaravilli V., Grasselli G., Castagna L., Zanella A., Isgrò S., Lucchini A., & Pesenti A. Prone positioning improves oxygenation in spontaneously breathing nonintubated patients with hypoxemic acute respiratory failure: a retrospective study. Journal of critical care 2015; 30(6): 1390-1394. 32. Longhini F., Bruni A., Garofalo E., Navalesi P., Grasselli G., Cosentini R., & Vitale F. Helmet Continuous Positive Airway Pressure and prone positioning: a proposal for an early management of COVID-19 patients. Pulmonology 2020. 33. Lucchini A., Bambi S., Mattiussi E., Elli S., Villa L., Bondi H., & Foti G. Prone Position in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of Complications. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing 2020, 39.1: 39-46. 34. Girard R., Baboi L., Ayzac L., Richard J. C., Guérin C., & Proseva Trial Group. The impact of patient positioning on pressure ulcers in patients with severe ARDS: results from a multicentre randomised controlled trial on prone positioning. Intensive care medicine, 2014, 40.3: 397-403. 35. Kim RS, Mullins K. Preventing facial pressure ulcers in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs 2016;43:427–429. 36. Avrupa Basınç Ülseri Danışma Paneli (EPUAP – European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel) ile Ulusal Basınç Ülseri Danışma Paneli’nin (NPUAP – National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel) (2016). Basınç Ülserlerinin Tedavisi Hızlı Başvuru Kılavuzu, https://www.epuap.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/qrg_treatment_in_turkish.pdf, Erişim tarihi: 01.05.2020 37. Yara Bakımı Derneği (2020). Basınç Ülseri- Basınç (Bası) Yarası- Dekübit Ülseri-Yatak Yarası- Dekübit. http://yarabakimidernegi.org.tr/sayfa-basi-yarasi-55.html, Erişim tarihi: 18.05.2020 38. Türk Yoğun Bakım Derneği (TYBD). COVID-19 İlişkili Septik Şok Tedavisi - TYBD Bilimsel Görüşü, https://www.yogunbakim.org.tr/haberler/7670/COVID-19-İlişkili-Septik-Şok-Tedavisi---TYBD-Bilimsel-Görüşü, Erişim tarihi: 01.05.2020. 39. Macdonald SPJ, Keijzers G, Taylor DM, Kinnear F, Arendts G, Fatovich DM, et al. Restricted fluid resuscitation in suspected sepsis associated hypotension (REFRESH): a pilot randomised controlled trial. Intensive Care Med 2018;44(12):2070-8. 40. Cinel I, Kasapoglu US, Gul F, Dellinger RP. The initial resuscitation of septic shock. J Crit Care 2020;57:108-17. 41. Reintam Blaser A, Starkopf J, Alhazzani W, Berger MM, Casaer MP, Deane AM, Fruhwald S, Hiesmayr M, Ichai C, Jakob SM, Loudet CI, Malbrain ML, Montejo Gonzalez JC, Paugam-Burtz C, Poeze M, Preiser JC, Singer P, van Zanten AR, De Waele J, Wendon J, Wernerman J, Whitehouse T, Wilmer A, Oudemans-van Straaten HM, Function EWGoG (2017) Early enteral nutrition in critically ill patients: ESICM clinical practice guidelines. Intensive Care Med 43:380–398 42. Preiser JC, Chiolero R, Singer P. Yoğun Bakımda Beslenme Desteği, Modül, Nütrisyon Yolları, http://www.yogunbakimdergisi.org/managete/fu_folder/2006-EK/html/2006-6-Ek-1-057-068.htm, Erişim tarihi : 29.04.2020 43. Klok FA, Kruip MJHA, van der Meer NJM, Arbous MS, Gommers DAMPJ et al. Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19. Thrombosis Research 2020. 44. Phua J, Weng L, Ling L, Egi M, Lim CM et al. Intensive care management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): challenges and recommendations. Lancet Respiratory Medicine 2020; 45. Cheng Y, Luo R, Wang K, et al. Kidney disease is associated with in-hospital death of patients with COVID-19 [published online ahead of print March 19, 2020]. Kidney Int. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2020.03.005 46. Naicker S., Yang C. W., Hwang S. J., Liu B. C., Chen J. H., & Jha V. The Novel Coronavirus 2019 epidemic and kidneys. Kidney International 2020; 97(5): 824-828. 47. Li Z., Wu M., Yao J., Guo J., Liao X., Song S., ... & Zhou, Z. Caution on kidney dysfunctions of COVID-19 patients. 2020. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3559601, Erişim tarihi: 01.05.2020. 48. American Society of Nephrology (ASN). Recommendations on the care of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and kidney failure requiring renal replacement therapy. https://www. asn-online.org/g/blast/files/AKI_COVID-19_Recommendations_ Document_03.21.2020.pdf. Erişim tarihi: 30.04. 2020. 49. Durvasula R., Wellington T., McNamara E., & Watnick S. COVID-19 and Kidney Failure in the Acute Care Setting: Our Experience From Seattle. American Journal of Kidney Diseases 2020. 50. Ören B., Zengın Neriman. Yoğun Bakım Ünitelerindeki Akut Böbrek Yetmezliği ve Renal Replasman Tedavisinde Hemşirelik Yönetimi. Yoğun Bakım Hemşireliği Dergisi 2017; 21(2): 42-49. 51. Resusitasyon Derneği. (2020). COVID-19 Hastaları İçin Erişkin İleri Yaşam Desteği Algoritması, http://resusitasyon.org/tr/etkinlikler-haberler/291-covid-19-hastalari-icin-eriskin-ileri-yasam-destegi-algoritmasi.html, Erişim tarihi: 01.05.2020 52. Türk Nefroloji Derneği. COVID-19 ve Nefroloji, http://www.nefroloji.org.tr/haber.php?id=283, erişim tarihi: 01.05.2020 53. European Society of Paediatric Neonatal Intensive Care (ESPNIC). Practical guidance for nurses caring for covid-19 patients in the PICU, https://dochub.com/info-espnic-online/2GQ1NXoKyj7mm4dVDkW6bx/final-espnic-nursing-webinar-7-april-2020-pptx?dt=a6V2EDrGC1Qe7GtHr7QY, Erişim tarihi: 30.04.2020
Toplam 1 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Hemşirelik |
| Bölüm | DERLEME |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 5 Haziran 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 Cilt: 24 Sayı: EK-1 - Covid-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Yoğun Bakım Hemşireliği |
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