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ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN COVID-19 AŞISINA YÖNELİK TUTUMU VE İLİŞKİLİ FAKTÖRLER

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 116 - 128, 21.09.2023

Öz

Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerin COVID-19 aşısına yönelik tutumlarını incelemek ve bunları etkileyen faktörleri belirlemektir.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikte olan bu araştırmanın evrenini, Doğu Anadolu Bölgesinde bir üniversitenin sağlık hizmetleri meslek yüksekokulu bölümüne kayıtlı 1100 öğrenci oluşturdu. Araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 545 öğrenci araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturdu. Verilerin toplanmasında “Sosyo-demografik Özellikler Bilgi Formu” ve “COVID-19 Aşısına Yönelik Tutumlar Ölçeği” kullanıldı. Ölçek 5’li likert tipte olup iki alt boyuttan oluşmaktadır. Araştırma için etik kurul ve kurum izni alındı. Veriler yüzde değerler, ortalama, standart sapma, minimum ve maksimum, bağımsız örneklem t testi, ANOVA ile değerlendirildi (p<0.05).
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan bireylerin yaş ortalamalarının 20.24±1.31 olduğu, %75.4’ünün kadın, %55.2’sinin Doğu Anadolu bölgesinde yaşadığı belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin COVID-19 aşısına yönelik tutumlar ölçeğinin toplam ölçek puan ortalamasının 3.21±0.68 olarak belirlendi. COVID19 Aşısına Yönelik Tutumlar Ölçeğinin toplam puan ortalaması ile COVID-19 enfeksiyonu geçirme durumu, COVID-19 aşısı hakkında bilgi sahibi olma durumu, COVID-19 aşısı yaptırmayı düşünme durumu, aşıların etkili olduğunu düşünme durumu arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı fark olduğu bulundu (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Bu araştırmada bireylerin COVID-19 aşısına yönelik tutumlarının orta düzeyde olduğu belirlendi. Öğrencilerin aşıların yan etkilerinin olduğunu ve güvenmediklerinden dolayı COVID-19 aşısı olmayı istemedikleri ve milli aşı olmayı istedikleri tespit edildi.

Kaynakça

  • Alıcılar, H. E., Türk, M. T., Toprak, Ö. N., Şahin, D., Üsküdar, A., Dalkıran, D., ve Çöl M. (2022). Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi dönem 3 öğrencilerinin COVID-19 aşılarına karşı tutumları ve ilişkili faktörler. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 75(1), 69-76. https://doi:10.4274/atfm.galenos.2021.86158
  • Alpar, R. (2017). Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistiksel Yöntemler. 5. baskı. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık, 153–73.
  • Alpyıldız, G., ve Aslan, D. (2020). Strugglemethods on mis information about Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Mersin Üniv Saglık Bilim Derg, 13(3), 457-464 https://doi.org/10.26559/mersinsbd.763836
  • Al-Qerem, W. A., & Jarab, A. S. (2021). COVID-19 vaccination acceptance and its associated factors among a middle eastern population. Front. Public Health, 9, 632914. https://doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.632914
  • Baldo, V., Reno, C., Cocchio, S., & Fantini, M. P. (2021). SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 vaccines: the promises and the challenges ahead. Vaccines, 9(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9010021
  • Bhartiya, S., Kumar, N., Singh, T., Murugan, S., Rajavel, S., & Wadhwani, M. (2021). Knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 vaccination acceptance in West India. Int. J. Commun. Med. Public Health , 8(3), 1170-1176. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20210481
  • Callaghan, T., Moghtaderi, A., Lueck, J. A., Hotez, P., Strych, U., Dor, A., Fowler, E. F., & Motta, M. (2021). Correlates and disparities of intention to vaccinate against COVID-19. Social Science & Medicine. 272, 113638. https://doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113638.
  • Çopur, E. Ö., ve Karasu, F. (2022). Bireylerin COVID-19 aşısı hakkında düşünce ve tutumları. Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sc, 7(2), 525-33. https://doı:10.5336/healthsci.2021-84513
  • Doğan, M. M, ve Düzel, B. (2020). Fear-Anxiety Levels in Covid-19. Journal of Turkish studies, 15(4), 739-752.
  • Elmaoğlu, E., Sungur, M., Çelik, M. Y., ve Çopur, E. Ö. (2021). The Relation Between Perception of Control of Covid-19 and Attitude Towards the Covid-19 Vaccine in Indivuduals. Journal of Society & Social Work. Journal of Society & Social Work, 1, 337-353. https://doı:10.33417/tsh.978616.
  • Fadda, M., Albanese, E., & Suggs, L. S. (2020). When a COVID-19 vaccine is ready, will we all be ready for it? Int J Publ Health, 65(6), 711-712. https://doi:10.1007/s00038-020-01404-4
  • Gan, L., Chen, Y., Hu, P., Wu, D., Zhu, Y., Tan, J., Li, Y., & Zhang, D. (2021). Willingness to receive SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and associated factors among chinese adults: a cross sectional survey. International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Health. 18(4), 1993. https://doı:10.3390/ijerph18041993
  • Geniş, B., Gürhan, N., Koç, M., Geniş, Ç., Şirin, B., Çırakoğlu O. C., ve Coşar, B., (2020). Development of perception and attitude scales related with COVID-19 pandemia. Pearson journal of social sciences- humanities, 5(7), 306-328. https://doi:10.46872/pj.127.
  • Gök, G., ve Baydoğan, Ü. G. (2022). Evaluation of covid-19 vaccination and protection from covid-19 in the context of health belief model. IBAD Journal of Social Sciences, 12, 231-248. https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.990550
  • Guidry, J., Laestadius, L. I., Vraga, E. K., Miller, C. A., Perrin, P. B., Burton, C. W., Ryan, M., Fuemmeler, B. F, & Carlyle, K. E. (2021). Willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccine with and without emergency use authorization. American Journal of İnfection Control, 49(2), 137–142. https:// doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2020.11.018
  • Hoşgör, H., Aközlü, Z. G., ve Hoşgör, D. (2021). The perception concerning the COVID-19 pandemic: case of Turkey. Eur Res J, 7(2), 116–126. https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.774757
  • Islam, M. S., Siddique, A. B., Akter, R., Tasnim, R., Sujan, S. H., Ward, P. R. & Sikder, T. (2021). Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards COVID-19 vaccinations: a cross-sectional community survey in Bangladesh. MedRxiv, 21(1), 1851.
  • Johnson, N. F, Velásquez, N., Restrepo, N. J, Leahy, R., Gabriel, N., Oud, S. E., Zheng, M., Manrique, P., Wuchty S., & Lupu Y. (2020). The online competition between pro- and anti-vaccination views. Nature, 582, 230–233.
  • Kreps, S., Prasad, S., Brownstein, S. J, Hswen, Y., Garibald,i B. T., Zhang, B., & Kriner, D. L. (2020). Factors associated with us adults’ likelihood of accepting COVID-19 vaccination. JAMA Netw Open, 3(10), e2025594. https://doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.25594
  • Loomba, S., de Figueiredo, A., Piatek, S. J, de Graaf, K., & Larson, H. J. (2021). Measuring the impact of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation on vaccination intent in the UK and USA. Nat Hum Behav, 5(3), 337–348.
  • Olatunji, O. S, Ayandele, O., Ashirudeen, D., & Olaniru, O. S. (2020). “Infodemic” in a pandemic: COVID-19 conspiracy theories in an african country. Social Health Behav, 3(4), 152–157.
  • Oyeyemi, S. O., Gabarron, E., Wynn, R. (2014). Ebola, twitter, and misinformation: a dangerous combination? BMJ, 349, g6178. https://doi:10.1136/bmj.g6178
  • Özbalıkçı, E., Aydın, E. S., İpek, İ., Özen, N., Yüceler, M., Ateş, O., Mayda, H. S., Kartancı, M. Y., Güçlü, S., Akdoğan, Ş., Efe, T., Karasu E. C., ve Topbaş, M. (2021). Türkiye’de Tıp Fakültesi öğrencilerinin aşı, bağışıklama, aşı kararsızlığı ve COVID-19 aşısı hakkındaki bilgi ve düşünceleri. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg, 78(3), 317 – 332.
  • Paul, E., Steptoe, A., & Fancourt, D. (2021). Attitudes towards vaccines and intention to vaccinate against COVID-19: Implications for public health communications. Lancet Reg Health Eur, 1, 100012. https://doı:10.1016/j.lanepe.2020.100012
  • Saied, S. M, Saied, E. M, Kabbash, I. A, & Abdo, S. A. E-F. (2021). Vaccine hesitancy: Beliefs and barriers associated with COVID-19 vaccination among Egyptian medical students. J. Med. Virol, 93(7), 4280-4291. https://doi: 10.1002/jmv.26910
  • Salmon, D. A, Dudley, M. Z, Brewer, J., Kan, L., Gerber, J. E., Budigan, H., Proveaux, T. M., Bernier, R., Rimal, R., & Schwartz, B. (2021). COVID-19 vaccination attitudes, values and intentions among United States adults prior to emergency use authorization. Vaccine, 39(19), 2698-2711. https://doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.03.034
  • Salmon, D. A, Dudley, M. Z, Glanz, J. M, & Omer, S. B. (2015), Vaccine hesitancy: causes, consequences, and a call to action. Vaccine, 33, 66–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.09.035
  • Schiavo, R. (2020). Vaccine communication in the age of COVID-19: Getting ready for an information war. J. Commun. Healthc, 13, 73–75. https://doi.org/10.1080/17538068.2020.1778959
  • Uscinski, J. E., Enders, A. M., Klofstad, C., Seelig, M., Funchion, J., Everett, C., Wuchty, S., Premaratne, K., & Murthi, M.(2020). Why do people believe COVID-19 conspiracy theories? Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Rev, 1(3), 1-12.
  • WHO, 2021a. Coronavirus (COVID-19) Panosu. Erişim Tarihi, 02 Nisan 2022. https://covid19.who.int/.
  • WHO, 2021b. WHO's 'Vaccine Explained' series features illustrated articles on vaccine development and distribution. Erişim Tarihi, 2 Nisan 2022. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/covid-19-vaccines/explainers.
  • WHO, 2019. Ten threats to global health in 2019. Erişim Tarihi, 18 Nisan 2022. https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019.
  • WHO, 2015. Vaccine hesitancy: a growing challenge for immunization programmes. 2015. Erişim Tarihi, 15 Nisan 2022. https://www.who.int/news/item/18-08-2015-vaccine-hesitancy-a-growing-challenge-for-immunization-programmes.
  • Qiao, S., Tam, C. C., & Li, X. (2022). Risk exposures, risk perceptions, negative attitudes toward general vaccination, and COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among college students in South Carolina. Am J Health Promot, 36(1), 175-179.

UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' ATTITUDE TO THE COVID-19 VACCINE AND RELATED FACTORS

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 116 - 128, 21.09.2023

Öz

Aim: The aim of the study is to examine the attitudes of university students towards the COVID-19 vaccine and to determine the factors affecting them.
Methods: The universe of this descriptive study consisted of 1100 students enrolled in the health services vocational school of a university in the Eastern Anatolia Region. 545 students who agreed to participate in the research formed the sample of the research. “Socio-demographic Characteristics Information Form” and “Attitudes Towards COVID-19 Vaccine Scale” were used to collect data. The scale is 5-point Likert type and consists of two sub-dimensions. Ethics committee and institutional permission were obtained for the research. Data were evaluated with percentages, mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum, independent samples t-test, ANOVA (p<0.05).
Results: It was determined that the mean age of the individuals participating in the study was 20.24±1.31, 75.4% of them were women and 55.2% of them lived in the Eastern Anatolia region. The total scale mean score of the students' attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine was determined as 3.21±0.68. It was found that there was a statistically significant difference between the total score average of the Scale of Attitudes Towards the COVID19 Vaccine and the state of having COVID-19 infection, having knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccine, thinking of getting the COVID-19 vaccine, and thinking that the vaccines are effective (p<0.05). ).
Conclusion: In this study, it was determined that individuals' attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine were moderate. It was determined that the students did not want to be vaccinated against COVID-19 because vaccines had side effects and they did not trust them, and they wanted to be anational vaccine.

Kaynakça

  • Alıcılar, H. E., Türk, M. T., Toprak, Ö. N., Şahin, D., Üsküdar, A., Dalkıran, D., ve Çöl M. (2022). Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi dönem 3 öğrencilerinin COVID-19 aşılarına karşı tutumları ve ilişkili faktörler. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 75(1), 69-76. https://doi:10.4274/atfm.galenos.2021.86158
  • Alpar, R. (2017). Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistiksel Yöntemler. 5. baskı. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık, 153–73.
  • Alpyıldız, G., ve Aslan, D. (2020). Strugglemethods on mis information about Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Mersin Üniv Saglık Bilim Derg, 13(3), 457-464 https://doi.org/10.26559/mersinsbd.763836
  • Al-Qerem, W. A., & Jarab, A. S. (2021). COVID-19 vaccination acceptance and its associated factors among a middle eastern population. Front. Public Health, 9, 632914. https://doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.632914
  • Baldo, V., Reno, C., Cocchio, S., & Fantini, M. P. (2021). SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 vaccines: the promises and the challenges ahead. Vaccines, 9(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9010021
  • Bhartiya, S., Kumar, N., Singh, T., Murugan, S., Rajavel, S., & Wadhwani, M. (2021). Knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 vaccination acceptance in West India. Int. J. Commun. Med. Public Health , 8(3), 1170-1176. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20210481
  • Callaghan, T., Moghtaderi, A., Lueck, J. A., Hotez, P., Strych, U., Dor, A., Fowler, E. F., & Motta, M. (2021). Correlates and disparities of intention to vaccinate against COVID-19. Social Science & Medicine. 272, 113638. https://doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113638.
  • Çopur, E. Ö., ve Karasu, F. (2022). Bireylerin COVID-19 aşısı hakkında düşünce ve tutumları. Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sc, 7(2), 525-33. https://doı:10.5336/healthsci.2021-84513
  • Doğan, M. M, ve Düzel, B. (2020). Fear-Anxiety Levels in Covid-19. Journal of Turkish studies, 15(4), 739-752.
  • Elmaoğlu, E., Sungur, M., Çelik, M. Y., ve Çopur, E. Ö. (2021). The Relation Between Perception of Control of Covid-19 and Attitude Towards the Covid-19 Vaccine in Indivuduals. Journal of Society & Social Work. Journal of Society & Social Work, 1, 337-353. https://doı:10.33417/tsh.978616.
  • Fadda, M., Albanese, E., & Suggs, L. S. (2020). When a COVID-19 vaccine is ready, will we all be ready for it? Int J Publ Health, 65(6), 711-712. https://doi:10.1007/s00038-020-01404-4
  • Gan, L., Chen, Y., Hu, P., Wu, D., Zhu, Y., Tan, J., Li, Y., & Zhang, D. (2021). Willingness to receive SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and associated factors among chinese adults: a cross sectional survey. International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Health. 18(4), 1993. https://doı:10.3390/ijerph18041993
  • Geniş, B., Gürhan, N., Koç, M., Geniş, Ç., Şirin, B., Çırakoğlu O. C., ve Coşar, B., (2020). Development of perception and attitude scales related with COVID-19 pandemia. Pearson journal of social sciences- humanities, 5(7), 306-328. https://doi:10.46872/pj.127.
  • Gök, G., ve Baydoğan, Ü. G. (2022). Evaluation of covid-19 vaccination and protection from covid-19 in the context of health belief model. IBAD Journal of Social Sciences, 12, 231-248. https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.990550
  • Guidry, J., Laestadius, L. I., Vraga, E. K., Miller, C. A., Perrin, P. B., Burton, C. W., Ryan, M., Fuemmeler, B. F, & Carlyle, K. E. (2021). Willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccine with and without emergency use authorization. American Journal of İnfection Control, 49(2), 137–142. https:// doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2020.11.018
  • Hoşgör, H., Aközlü, Z. G., ve Hoşgör, D. (2021). The perception concerning the COVID-19 pandemic: case of Turkey. Eur Res J, 7(2), 116–126. https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.774757
  • Islam, M. S., Siddique, A. B., Akter, R., Tasnim, R., Sujan, S. H., Ward, P. R. & Sikder, T. (2021). Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards COVID-19 vaccinations: a cross-sectional community survey in Bangladesh. MedRxiv, 21(1), 1851.
  • Johnson, N. F, Velásquez, N., Restrepo, N. J, Leahy, R., Gabriel, N., Oud, S. E., Zheng, M., Manrique, P., Wuchty S., & Lupu Y. (2020). The online competition between pro- and anti-vaccination views. Nature, 582, 230–233.
  • Kreps, S., Prasad, S., Brownstein, S. J, Hswen, Y., Garibald,i B. T., Zhang, B., & Kriner, D. L. (2020). Factors associated with us adults’ likelihood of accepting COVID-19 vaccination. JAMA Netw Open, 3(10), e2025594. https://doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.25594
  • Loomba, S., de Figueiredo, A., Piatek, S. J, de Graaf, K., & Larson, H. J. (2021). Measuring the impact of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation on vaccination intent in the UK and USA. Nat Hum Behav, 5(3), 337–348.
  • Olatunji, O. S, Ayandele, O., Ashirudeen, D., & Olaniru, O. S. (2020). “Infodemic” in a pandemic: COVID-19 conspiracy theories in an african country. Social Health Behav, 3(4), 152–157.
  • Oyeyemi, S. O., Gabarron, E., Wynn, R. (2014). Ebola, twitter, and misinformation: a dangerous combination? BMJ, 349, g6178. https://doi:10.1136/bmj.g6178
  • Özbalıkçı, E., Aydın, E. S., İpek, İ., Özen, N., Yüceler, M., Ateş, O., Mayda, H. S., Kartancı, M. Y., Güçlü, S., Akdoğan, Ş., Efe, T., Karasu E. C., ve Topbaş, M. (2021). Türkiye’de Tıp Fakültesi öğrencilerinin aşı, bağışıklama, aşı kararsızlığı ve COVID-19 aşısı hakkındaki bilgi ve düşünceleri. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg, 78(3), 317 – 332.
  • Paul, E., Steptoe, A., & Fancourt, D. (2021). Attitudes towards vaccines and intention to vaccinate against COVID-19: Implications for public health communications. Lancet Reg Health Eur, 1, 100012. https://doı:10.1016/j.lanepe.2020.100012
  • Saied, S. M, Saied, E. M, Kabbash, I. A, & Abdo, S. A. E-F. (2021). Vaccine hesitancy: Beliefs and barriers associated with COVID-19 vaccination among Egyptian medical students. J. Med. Virol, 93(7), 4280-4291. https://doi: 10.1002/jmv.26910
  • Salmon, D. A, Dudley, M. Z, Brewer, J., Kan, L., Gerber, J. E., Budigan, H., Proveaux, T. M., Bernier, R., Rimal, R., & Schwartz, B. (2021). COVID-19 vaccination attitudes, values and intentions among United States adults prior to emergency use authorization. Vaccine, 39(19), 2698-2711. https://doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.03.034
  • Salmon, D. A, Dudley, M. Z, Glanz, J. M, & Omer, S. B. (2015), Vaccine hesitancy: causes, consequences, and a call to action. Vaccine, 33, 66–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.09.035
  • Schiavo, R. (2020). Vaccine communication in the age of COVID-19: Getting ready for an information war. J. Commun. Healthc, 13, 73–75. https://doi.org/10.1080/17538068.2020.1778959
  • Uscinski, J. E., Enders, A. M., Klofstad, C., Seelig, M., Funchion, J., Everett, C., Wuchty, S., Premaratne, K., & Murthi, M.(2020). Why do people believe COVID-19 conspiracy theories? Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Rev, 1(3), 1-12.
  • WHO, 2021a. Coronavirus (COVID-19) Panosu. Erişim Tarihi, 02 Nisan 2022. https://covid19.who.int/.
  • WHO, 2021b. WHO's 'Vaccine Explained' series features illustrated articles on vaccine development and distribution. Erişim Tarihi, 2 Nisan 2022. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/covid-19-vaccines/explainers.
  • WHO, 2019. Ten threats to global health in 2019. Erişim Tarihi, 18 Nisan 2022. https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019.
  • WHO, 2015. Vaccine hesitancy: a growing challenge for immunization programmes. 2015. Erişim Tarihi, 15 Nisan 2022. https://www.who.int/news/item/18-08-2015-vaccine-hesitancy-a-growing-challenge-for-immunization-programmes.
  • Qiao, S., Tam, C. C., & Li, X. (2022). Risk exposures, risk perceptions, negative attitudes toward general vaccination, and COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among college students in South Carolina. Am J Health Promot, 36(1), 175-179.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hemşirelik
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Ezgi Demirtürk Selçuk 0000-0002-3101-710X

Özge Akbaba 0000-0003-0228-1558

Birsel Canan Demirbağ 0000-0003-4145-5020

Yayımlanma Tarihi 21 Eylül 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Temmuz 2022
Kabul Tarihi 30 Mart 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Demirtürk Selçuk, E., Akbaba, Ö., & Demirbağ, B. C. (2023). ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN COVID-19 AŞISINA YÖNELİK TUTUMU VE İLİŞKİLİ FAKTÖRLER. Selçuk Sağlık Dergisi, 4(2), 116-128.