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Homeopathy in Pediatric Dentistry

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 3, 319 - 326, 24.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2023.1313020

Öz

Homeopathy is an alternative treatment approach that has been widely used for over 200 years. It is popularized as a safe and cost-effective alternative to allopathy. For a holistic approach, homeopathic remedies are used to improve not only patients’ physical condition but also psychological or emotional condition. In dentistry, homeopathy has been used as an adjunct to conventional treatment since 18th century. Many studies indicate that the effect of homeopathic remedies is not different or superior to that of placebo. Institutions such as the World Health Organization and the Food and Drug Administration have not yet approved the ethics and safety of homeopathy as a treatment form. In recent years, regulations on homeopathy by many institutions have been increased, and its prevalence has been limited. Further clinical research is needed to elucidate whether homeopathic remedies can effectively treat conditions that appear to be linked to patients’ spiritual, emotional, mental, and physical conditions, and whether this has a placebo effect. This review aimed to introduce the basics of homeopathy, which has been accepted as part of the Traditional and Complementary Medicine by the Turkish Ministry of Health as of 2016, and to discuss its possible applications in pediatric dental practice.

Kaynakça

  • Beek L Van, Beekes RSP. Etymological Dictionary of Greek. Leiden: Brill. 2010. google scholar
  • Hoseinishad M, Nosratipour A, Mozzaff ar Moghaddam S, et al. Homeopathy in dentistry: A review. International Journal of Contemporary Dental and Medical Reviews Int J Contemp Dent Med Rev. 2015;1-5. google scholar
  • Saikiran KV, Kamatham R, Saha A, et al. Homeopathy in Pediatric dentistry - A review Homeopathy in Pediatric dentistry - A review. Scholars Journal of Dental Sciences. 2017;4:89-92. google scholar
  • Hahn RG. Homeopathy: Meta-analyses of pooled clinical data. Forschende Komplementarmedizin. 2013;20(5):376-81. google scholar
  • Ladyman J. Philosophy of Pseudoscience: Reconsidering the Demarcation Problem. Pigliucci M, Boudry M, editors. University of Chicago Press; 2013;48-49. google scholar
  • Safety issues in the preparation of homeopathic medicines [Internet]. WHO Press. 2009. Erişim linki: https://www.who.int/ medicines/areas/traditional/Homeopathy.pdf google scholar
  • Sen S. Agrohomeopathy : an Emerging Field of Agriculture for Higher Crop Productivity and Protection of Plants Against Various Stress. International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews. 2018;5(4):52-6. google scholar
  • Ernst E, Kaptchuk T. Homeopathy revisited. Archives of Internal Medicine. 1996;156(16):2162-4. google scholar
  • Ullman D. Homeopathy A-Z. Kramer J, editor. Hay House Inc.; 2002;156. google scholar
  • Shaw D. Unethical aspects of homeopathic dentistry. British Dental Journal. 2010;209(10):493-6. google scholar
  • Lockie A. Encyclopedia of Homeopathy. 2nd ed. Singh D, editor. New York: DK Delhi; 2006. google scholar
  • Owen D. Principles and Practice of Homeopathy The Therapeutic and Healing Process. 1st ed. Churchill Livingstone Elsevier Ltd.; 2007;436. google scholar
  • Ullman D. Homeopathy: Medicine for the 21st Century [Internet]. California,USA: North Atlantic Books; 1991;277. Erişim linki: https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=J7oestO-BnAC&pgis=1 google scholar
  • Johnson C. Primary Homeopathic Treatment of Cancers of the Pancreas, Stomach, Gallbladder, and Liver. Natural Medicine Journal. 2011;3(4). google scholar
  • Lessell CB. A textbook of dental homeopathy. Saffron Walden: The CW Daniel Company Ltd; 1995. google scholar
  • Baran GR, Kiani MF, Samuel SP. Science, Pseudoscience, and Not Science: How Do They Differ? In: Healthcare and Biomedical Technology in the 21st Century. New York: Springer; 2014;19-57. google scholar
  • Smith K. Homeopathy Is Unscientific And Unethical. Bioethics. 2012;26(9):508-12. google scholar
  • Tuomela R. Chapter 4: Science, Protoscience, and Pseudoscience. In: Rational Changes in Science: Essays on Scientific Reasoning. Springer; 1987;83-101. google scholar
  • Ernst E. A systematic review of systematic reviews of homeopathy. The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 2002;54(6):577-82. google scholar
  • Vickers A, Zollman C. Homoeopathy: How can homoeopathy work ? British Medical Journal. 1999;319:1115-8. google scholar
  • Ernst E. Is homeopathy a clinically valuable approach? Trends in Pharmacological Sciences. 2005;26(11):547-8. google scholar
  • Grimes DR. Proposed mechanisms for homeopathy are physically impossible. Focus on Alternative and Complementary Therapies. 2012;17(3):149-55. google scholar
  • IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology. 2nd ed. 1997. google scholar
  • de Bievre P, Peiser HS. ‘Atomic weight’-the name, its history, definition, and units. Pure and Applied Chemistry. 1992;64(10):1535-43. google scholar
  • The International System of Units (SI) [Internet]. 9th ed. 2019. 134 p. Erişim linki: https://www.bipm.org/utils/common/pdf/si-brochure/SI-Brochure-9-EN.pdf google scholar
  • Baum M, Ernst E. Should We Maintain an Open Mind about Homeopathy?. [Internet]. American Journal of Medicine. 2009;122(11):973-4. Erişim linki: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. amjmed.2009.03.038 google scholar
  • Park RL. Alternative Medicine And The Laws Of Physics. Skeptical Inquirer. 1997;21(5). google scholar
  • Maddox J, Randi J, Stewart W. ‘’High-dilution” experiments a delusion. Nature. 1988;334(6180):287-91. google scholar
  • When to believe the unbelievable. Nature. 1988;333:788. google scholar
  • Levy G. Kinetics of drug action: An overview. ournal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 1986;78(4 Pt 2):754-61. google scholar
  • Shelton JW. Homeopathy: How It Really Works. Prometheus; 2004;318. google scholar
  • Brien S, Lachance L, Prescott P, et al. Homeopathy has clinical benefits in rheumatoid arthritis patients that are attributable to the consultation process but not the homeopathic remedy: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Rheumatology. 2010;50(6):1070-1082. google scholar
  • Linde K, Clausius N, Ramirez G, et al. Are the clinical effects of homoeopathy placebo effects? A meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials. Lancet. 1997;350(9081):834-43. google scholar
  • Sterne JA, Egger M. Funnel plots for detecting bias in meta-analysis: guidelines on choice of axis. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 2001;54(10):1046-55. google scholar
  • Shang A, Huwiler-Müntener K, Nartey L, et al. Are the clinical effects of homoeopathy placebo effects? Comparative study of placebo-controlled trials of homoeopathy and allopathy. Lancet. 2005;366(9487):726-32. google scholar
  • Ernst E, Pittler MH. Efficacy of Homeopathic Arnica. Archives of Surgery. 1998;133(11):1187-90. google scholar
  • Coulter MK, Dean ME. Homeopathy for attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder or hyperkinetic disorder. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2007;17(4). google scholar
  • Rotella F, Cassioli E, Falone A, et al. Homeopathic Remedies in Psychiatric Disorders: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology. 2020;40(3):269-75. google scholar
  • British Homeopathic Association [Internet]. Homeopathy UK. Erişim linki: https://homeopathy-uk.org google scholar
  • Faculty of Homeopathy [Internet]. Faculty of Homeopathy. Erişim linki: https://www.facultyofhomeopathy.org google scholar
  • The Society of Homeopaths Ltd [Internet]. Companies House. Erişim linki: https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/01392004 google scholar
  • British Homeopathic Association. [Internet]. British Homeopathic Association Erişim linki: http://www.bhda.co.uk/ google scholar
  • Türkiye’de Homeopati [Internet]. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Erişim linki: https://homeopatidernegi.org/turkiyede-homeopati/ google scholar
  • Dantas F, Rampes H. Do homeopathic medicines provoke adverse effects? A systematic review. British Homoeopathic Journal. 2000;89:35-8. google scholar
  • Posadzki P, Alotaibi A, Ernst E. Adverse effects of homeopathy: A systematic review of published case reports and case series. International Journal of Clinical Practice. 2012;66(12):1178-88. google scholar
  • Stub T, Musial F, Kristoffersen AA, et al. Adverse effects of homeopathy, what do we know? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Complementary Therapies in Medicine [Internet]. 2016;26:146-63. Erişim linki: http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.ctim.2016.03.013 google scholar
  • Chakraborti D, Mukherjee S, Saha K, et al. Arsenic toxicity from homeopathic treatment. Journal of Toxicology. 2003;41(7):963-7. google scholar
  • FDA warns against the use of homeopathic teething tablets and gels [Internet]. FDA. 2016 [cited 2021 Jul 30]. Erişim linki: https:// www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-warns-against-use-homeopathic-teething-tablets-and-gels google scholar
  • Mole B. FDA: Homeopathic teething gels may have killed 10 babies, sickened 400”. [Internet]. Ars Technica UK. 2016. Erişim linki: https://arstechnica.com/science/2016/10/fda-homeopathic-teething-gels-may-have-killed-10-babies-sickened-400/ google scholar
  • Altunc U, Pittler M, Ernst E. Homeopathy for childhood and adolescence ailments: systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2007;82(1):69-75. google scholar
  • Malik I, Gopalan S. Use of CAM results in delay in seeking medical advice for breast cancer. European Journal of Epidemiology. 2002;18(8):817-22. google scholar
  • Homeopathy as pseudoscience [Internet]. Commission on Pseudoscience and Research Fraud. 2017. Erişim linki: http:// klnran.ru/en/2017/02/memorandum02-homeopathy/ google scholar
  • World Health Organization. Programme on Traditional Medicine. Legal status of traditional medicine and complementary/ alternative medicine : a worldwide review. 2001. World Health Organization. [Internet]. Erişim linki: https://apps.who.int/iris/ handle/10665/42452 google scholar
  • World Health Organization. [Internet]. WHO global report on traditional and complementary medicine. 2019. World Health Organization. Erişim linki: https://apps.who.int/iris/ handle/10665/312342 google scholar
  • Kolton EA, Prochnow JJ, Koepke CM. FDA Toughens Enforcement of Homeopathic Products . The National Law Review. 2019;9(301). google scholar
  • FDA Homeopathic Products [Internet]. 2020. Erişim linki: https:// www.fda.gov/drugs/information-drug-class/homeopathic-products google scholar
  • Sakakura CE. Influence of homeopathic treatment with comfrey on bone density around titanium implants: a digital subtraction radiography study in rats. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2008;19(6):624-8. google scholar
  • Mousavi F. Ignatia in the treatment of oral lichen planus. Homeopathy. 2009;98(1):40-4. google scholar
  • Fahimeh M, Mojaver YN, Asadzadeh M, et al. Homeopathic treatment of minor aphthous ulcer: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Homeopathy. 2009;98(3):137-41. google scholar
  • Know Your Remedies: Hepar Sulphuris Calcareum (Hep.). HomeopathyPlus [Internet]. Erişim linki: https://homeopathyplus. com/know-your-remedies-hepar-sulphuris-calcareum-hep-s-c/ google scholar
  • Ruta graveolens illustration [Internet]. Erişim linki: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Illustration_Ruta_graveolens0.jpg google scholar
  • Atropa belladonna illustration [Internet]. Erişim linki: https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Atropa_belladonna_-_Köhler-s_ Medizinal-Pflanzen-018.jpg google scholar
  • Matricaria chamomilla illustration [Internet]. Erişim linki: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Matricaria_recutita_ Sturm13045.jpg google scholar
  • Goel P, Torwane N, Hongal S, et al. Homeopathic medicine-An Adjuvant for Dentistry: A Review. International Ayurvedic Medical Journal. 2014;2(2):203-10. google scholar
  • Thakur N, Bagewadi A, Keluskar V. Holistic dentistry: Natural approaches to oral health. Journal of International Oral Health. 2011;1(3):9-13. google scholar
  • Andhare M, Rajender A, Dhuldhwaj R, et al. Homeopathic dentistry: Mystery or myth-A review. International Journal of Science and Research. 2016;5(7). google scholar
  • Fischer R. Dentistry and homeopathy: An overview. American Institute of Homeopathy. 1985;78:140-7. google scholar
  • Dodwad V, Malhotra S, Nayyar N. Toothpaste wars: To assess the efficacy of a herbal, homeopathic and a conventional toothpaste in the control of plaque and gingivitis-A clinicobiochemical study. Indian Journal Of Stomatology. 2011;2(2). google scholar

Çocuk Diş Hekimliğinde Homeopati

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 3, 319 - 326, 24.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2023.1313020

Öz

Homeopati, 200 yıldan daha uzun süredir yaygın olarak kullanılan alternatif bir tedavi yaklaşımıdır. Allopatiye karşı güvenli ve uygun maliyetli bir alternatif olarak popülerleşmiştir. Homeopatik ilaçlar, bütünsel bir yaklaşım benimseyerek hastaların fiziksel durumları ile birlikte psikolojik veya duygusal durumlarını iyileştirmek için de kullanılmaktadır. Diş hekimliğinde 18. yüzyıldan beri geleneksel tedaviye ek olarak kullanıldığı bildirilmektedir. Yapılan çalışmaların birçoğu homeopatik ilaçların etkisinin plasebodan farklı ya da üstün olmadığını belirtmektedir. Homeopatinin bir tedavi biçimi olarak kullanımının etik ve güvenliği Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) ve Amerikan Gıda ve İlaç Dairesi (FDA) gibi kurumlar tarafından halen kabul görmemiştir. Son yıllarda birçok kurum tarafından homeopati ile ilgili olarak yapılan düzenlemeler arttırılmış ve yaygınlığı sınırlandırılmıştır. Homeopatik ilaçların, hastaların ruhsal, duygusal, zihinsel ve fiziksel koşullarına bağlı görünen durumları tedavi edip etmediğini ve bunun plasebo etkisi olup olmadığını anlamak için daha fazla klinik araştırma yapılması gerekmektedir. Bu makalenin amacı, ülkemizde 2016 yılı itibariyle Sağlık Bakanlığı tarafından Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp kapsamında kabul edilmiş olan homeopatinin temellerini tanıtmak ve çocuk diş hekimliğinde olası homeopatik uygulamaları gözden geçirmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Beek L Van, Beekes RSP. Etymological Dictionary of Greek. Leiden: Brill. 2010. google scholar
  • Hoseinishad M, Nosratipour A, Mozzaff ar Moghaddam S, et al. Homeopathy in dentistry: A review. International Journal of Contemporary Dental and Medical Reviews Int J Contemp Dent Med Rev. 2015;1-5. google scholar
  • Saikiran KV, Kamatham R, Saha A, et al. Homeopathy in Pediatric dentistry - A review Homeopathy in Pediatric dentistry - A review. Scholars Journal of Dental Sciences. 2017;4:89-92. google scholar
  • Hahn RG. Homeopathy: Meta-analyses of pooled clinical data. Forschende Komplementarmedizin. 2013;20(5):376-81. google scholar
  • Ladyman J. Philosophy of Pseudoscience: Reconsidering the Demarcation Problem. Pigliucci M, Boudry M, editors. University of Chicago Press; 2013;48-49. google scholar
  • Safety issues in the preparation of homeopathic medicines [Internet]. WHO Press. 2009. Erişim linki: https://www.who.int/ medicines/areas/traditional/Homeopathy.pdf google scholar
  • Sen S. Agrohomeopathy : an Emerging Field of Agriculture for Higher Crop Productivity and Protection of Plants Against Various Stress. International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews. 2018;5(4):52-6. google scholar
  • Ernst E, Kaptchuk T. Homeopathy revisited. Archives of Internal Medicine. 1996;156(16):2162-4. google scholar
  • Ullman D. Homeopathy A-Z. Kramer J, editor. Hay House Inc.; 2002;156. google scholar
  • Shaw D. Unethical aspects of homeopathic dentistry. British Dental Journal. 2010;209(10):493-6. google scholar
  • Lockie A. Encyclopedia of Homeopathy. 2nd ed. Singh D, editor. New York: DK Delhi; 2006. google scholar
  • Owen D. Principles and Practice of Homeopathy The Therapeutic and Healing Process. 1st ed. Churchill Livingstone Elsevier Ltd.; 2007;436. google scholar
  • Ullman D. Homeopathy: Medicine for the 21st Century [Internet]. California,USA: North Atlantic Books; 1991;277. Erişim linki: https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=J7oestO-BnAC&pgis=1 google scholar
  • Johnson C. Primary Homeopathic Treatment of Cancers of the Pancreas, Stomach, Gallbladder, and Liver. Natural Medicine Journal. 2011;3(4). google scholar
  • Lessell CB. A textbook of dental homeopathy. Saffron Walden: The CW Daniel Company Ltd; 1995. google scholar
  • Baran GR, Kiani MF, Samuel SP. Science, Pseudoscience, and Not Science: How Do They Differ? In: Healthcare and Biomedical Technology in the 21st Century. New York: Springer; 2014;19-57. google scholar
  • Smith K. Homeopathy Is Unscientific And Unethical. Bioethics. 2012;26(9):508-12. google scholar
  • Tuomela R. Chapter 4: Science, Protoscience, and Pseudoscience. In: Rational Changes in Science: Essays on Scientific Reasoning. Springer; 1987;83-101. google scholar
  • Ernst E. A systematic review of systematic reviews of homeopathy. The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 2002;54(6):577-82. google scholar
  • Vickers A, Zollman C. Homoeopathy: How can homoeopathy work ? British Medical Journal. 1999;319:1115-8. google scholar
  • Ernst E. Is homeopathy a clinically valuable approach? Trends in Pharmacological Sciences. 2005;26(11):547-8. google scholar
  • Grimes DR. Proposed mechanisms for homeopathy are physically impossible. Focus on Alternative and Complementary Therapies. 2012;17(3):149-55. google scholar
  • IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology. 2nd ed. 1997. google scholar
  • de Bievre P, Peiser HS. ‘Atomic weight’-the name, its history, definition, and units. Pure and Applied Chemistry. 1992;64(10):1535-43. google scholar
  • The International System of Units (SI) [Internet]. 9th ed. 2019. 134 p. Erişim linki: https://www.bipm.org/utils/common/pdf/si-brochure/SI-Brochure-9-EN.pdf google scholar
  • Baum M, Ernst E. Should We Maintain an Open Mind about Homeopathy?. [Internet]. American Journal of Medicine. 2009;122(11):973-4. Erişim linki: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. amjmed.2009.03.038 google scholar
  • Park RL. Alternative Medicine And The Laws Of Physics. Skeptical Inquirer. 1997;21(5). google scholar
  • Maddox J, Randi J, Stewart W. ‘’High-dilution” experiments a delusion. Nature. 1988;334(6180):287-91. google scholar
  • When to believe the unbelievable. Nature. 1988;333:788. google scholar
  • Levy G. Kinetics of drug action: An overview. ournal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 1986;78(4 Pt 2):754-61. google scholar
  • Shelton JW. Homeopathy: How It Really Works. Prometheus; 2004;318. google scholar
  • Brien S, Lachance L, Prescott P, et al. Homeopathy has clinical benefits in rheumatoid arthritis patients that are attributable to the consultation process but not the homeopathic remedy: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Rheumatology. 2010;50(6):1070-1082. google scholar
  • Linde K, Clausius N, Ramirez G, et al. Are the clinical effects of homoeopathy placebo effects? A meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials. Lancet. 1997;350(9081):834-43. google scholar
  • Sterne JA, Egger M. Funnel plots for detecting bias in meta-analysis: guidelines on choice of axis. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 2001;54(10):1046-55. google scholar
  • Shang A, Huwiler-Müntener K, Nartey L, et al. Are the clinical effects of homoeopathy placebo effects? Comparative study of placebo-controlled trials of homoeopathy and allopathy. Lancet. 2005;366(9487):726-32. google scholar
  • Ernst E, Pittler MH. Efficacy of Homeopathic Arnica. Archives of Surgery. 1998;133(11):1187-90. google scholar
  • Coulter MK, Dean ME. Homeopathy for attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder or hyperkinetic disorder. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2007;17(4). google scholar
  • Rotella F, Cassioli E, Falone A, et al. Homeopathic Remedies in Psychiatric Disorders: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology. 2020;40(3):269-75. google scholar
  • British Homeopathic Association [Internet]. Homeopathy UK. Erişim linki: https://homeopathy-uk.org google scholar
  • Faculty of Homeopathy [Internet]. Faculty of Homeopathy. Erişim linki: https://www.facultyofhomeopathy.org google scholar
  • The Society of Homeopaths Ltd [Internet]. Companies House. Erişim linki: https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/01392004 google scholar
  • British Homeopathic Association. [Internet]. British Homeopathic Association Erişim linki: http://www.bhda.co.uk/ google scholar
  • Türkiye’de Homeopati [Internet]. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Erişim linki: https://homeopatidernegi.org/turkiyede-homeopati/ google scholar
  • Dantas F, Rampes H. Do homeopathic medicines provoke adverse effects? A systematic review. British Homoeopathic Journal. 2000;89:35-8. google scholar
  • Posadzki P, Alotaibi A, Ernst E. Adverse effects of homeopathy: A systematic review of published case reports and case series. International Journal of Clinical Practice. 2012;66(12):1178-88. google scholar
  • Stub T, Musial F, Kristoffersen AA, et al. Adverse effects of homeopathy, what do we know? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Complementary Therapies in Medicine [Internet]. 2016;26:146-63. Erişim linki: http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.ctim.2016.03.013 google scholar
  • Chakraborti D, Mukherjee S, Saha K, et al. Arsenic toxicity from homeopathic treatment. Journal of Toxicology. 2003;41(7):963-7. google scholar
  • FDA warns against the use of homeopathic teething tablets and gels [Internet]. FDA. 2016 [cited 2021 Jul 30]. Erişim linki: https:// www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-warns-against-use-homeopathic-teething-tablets-and-gels google scholar
  • Mole B. FDA: Homeopathic teething gels may have killed 10 babies, sickened 400”. [Internet]. Ars Technica UK. 2016. Erişim linki: https://arstechnica.com/science/2016/10/fda-homeopathic-teething-gels-may-have-killed-10-babies-sickened-400/ google scholar
  • Altunc U, Pittler M, Ernst E. Homeopathy for childhood and adolescence ailments: systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2007;82(1):69-75. google scholar
  • Malik I, Gopalan S. Use of CAM results in delay in seeking medical advice for breast cancer. European Journal of Epidemiology. 2002;18(8):817-22. google scholar
  • Homeopathy as pseudoscience [Internet]. Commission on Pseudoscience and Research Fraud. 2017. Erişim linki: http:// klnran.ru/en/2017/02/memorandum02-homeopathy/ google scholar
  • World Health Organization. Programme on Traditional Medicine. Legal status of traditional medicine and complementary/ alternative medicine : a worldwide review. 2001. World Health Organization. [Internet]. Erişim linki: https://apps.who.int/iris/ handle/10665/42452 google scholar
  • World Health Organization. [Internet]. WHO global report on traditional and complementary medicine. 2019. World Health Organization. Erişim linki: https://apps.who.int/iris/ handle/10665/312342 google scholar
  • Kolton EA, Prochnow JJ, Koepke CM. FDA Toughens Enforcement of Homeopathic Products . The National Law Review. 2019;9(301). google scholar
  • FDA Homeopathic Products [Internet]. 2020. Erişim linki: https:// www.fda.gov/drugs/information-drug-class/homeopathic-products google scholar
  • Sakakura CE. Influence of homeopathic treatment with comfrey on bone density around titanium implants: a digital subtraction radiography study in rats. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2008;19(6):624-8. google scholar
  • Mousavi F. Ignatia in the treatment of oral lichen planus. Homeopathy. 2009;98(1):40-4. google scholar
  • Fahimeh M, Mojaver YN, Asadzadeh M, et al. Homeopathic treatment of minor aphthous ulcer: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Homeopathy. 2009;98(3):137-41. google scholar
  • Know Your Remedies: Hepar Sulphuris Calcareum (Hep.). HomeopathyPlus [Internet]. Erişim linki: https://homeopathyplus. com/know-your-remedies-hepar-sulphuris-calcareum-hep-s-c/ google scholar
  • Ruta graveolens illustration [Internet]. Erişim linki: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Illustration_Ruta_graveolens0.jpg google scholar
  • Atropa belladonna illustration [Internet]. Erişim linki: https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Atropa_belladonna_-_Köhler-s_ Medizinal-Pflanzen-018.jpg google scholar
  • Matricaria chamomilla illustration [Internet]. Erişim linki: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Matricaria_recutita_ Sturm13045.jpg google scholar
  • Goel P, Torwane N, Hongal S, et al. Homeopathic medicine-An Adjuvant for Dentistry: A Review. International Ayurvedic Medical Journal. 2014;2(2):203-10. google scholar
  • Thakur N, Bagewadi A, Keluskar V. Holistic dentistry: Natural approaches to oral health. Journal of International Oral Health. 2011;1(3):9-13. google scholar
  • Andhare M, Rajender A, Dhuldhwaj R, et al. Homeopathic dentistry: Mystery or myth-A review. International Journal of Science and Research. 2016;5(7). google scholar
  • Fischer R. Dentistry and homeopathy: An overview. American Institute of Homeopathy. 1985;78:140-7. google scholar
  • Dodwad V, Malhotra S, Nayyar N. Toothpaste wars: To assess the efficacy of a herbal, homeopathic and a conventional toothpaste in the control of plaque and gingivitis-A clinicobiochemical study. Indian Journal Of Stomatology. 2011;2(2). google scholar
Toplam 68 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Ezginur Şan 0000-0001-5620-9178

Büşra Karaduran 0000-0003-1499-8599

Mine Koruyucu 0000-0002-2077-5095

Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Ekim 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Şan, E., Karaduran, B., & Koruyucu, M. (2023). Homeopathy in Pediatric Dentistry. Journal of Child, 23(3), 319-326. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2023.1313020
AMA Şan E, Karaduran B, Koruyucu M. Homeopathy in Pediatric Dentistry. Journal of Child. Ekim 2023;23(3):319-326. doi:10.26650/jchild.2023.1313020
Chicago Şan, Ezginur, Büşra Karaduran, ve Mine Koruyucu. “Homeopathy in Pediatric Dentistry”. Journal of Child 23, sy. 3 (Ekim 2023): 319-26. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2023.1313020.
EndNote Şan E, Karaduran B, Koruyucu M (01 Ekim 2023) Homeopathy in Pediatric Dentistry. Journal of Child 23 3 319–326.
IEEE E. Şan, B. Karaduran, ve M. Koruyucu, “Homeopathy in Pediatric Dentistry”, Journal of Child, c. 23, sy. 3, ss. 319–326, 2023, doi: 10.26650/jchild.2023.1313020.
ISNAD Şan, Ezginur vd. “Homeopathy in Pediatric Dentistry”. Journal of Child 23/3 (Ekim 2023), 319-326. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2023.1313020.
JAMA Şan E, Karaduran B, Koruyucu M. Homeopathy in Pediatric Dentistry. Journal of Child. 2023;23:319–326.
MLA Şan, Ezginur vd. “Homeopathy in Pediatric Dentistry”. Journal of Child, c. 23, sy. 3, 2023, ss. 319-26, doi:10.26650/jchild.2023.1313020.
Vancouver Şan E, Karaduran B, Koruyucu M. Homeopathy in Pediatric Dentistry. Journal of Child. 2023;23(3):319-26.