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Yıl 2014, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 4, 380 - 388, 05.06.2014

Mükerrem Hatipoglu Nilgün Özlem Alptekin Mustafa Cihat Avunduk

https://doi.org/10.7126/cdj.58140.5000034015

Öz

Objectives: A variety of clinical and experimental studies investigated the influence of diabetes on the periodontium, as well as the impact of periodontitis on diabetes status. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of α-tocopherol on alveolar bone loss in rats with experimental periodontitis with/without streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes.Materials and Methods: Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were included in the study and after anesthesia 3/0 silk sutures were placed at the subgingival level of the mandibular right first molars. These animals were divided into two groups: Healty group (Group I) and diabetic group by single injection of 50 mg/kg STZ (Group II). These groups divided into two subgroups; twenty rats were saline group (Group IA, Group IIA) and other twenty rats (Group IB, Group IIB) were α-tocopherol (40mg/kg/day) group. After 3 weeks, all rats were sacrified and the tissues were fixed using neutral buffered 10% formaldehyde solution for histometrical investigation. Alveolar bone loss (ABL), were analyzed by using image analysis program. Statistical comparisons were performed by using one-way analysis of variance with significance set at p<0.05.Results: Data were evaluated after the histometrical examination and there were no statistically significant differences in ABL between the study groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: Analysis of these data demonstrated that α-tocopherol treatment was not affected the ABL of rats with experimental periodontitis with/without STZ-induced diabetes

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diabetesα-tocopherolABL Experimental periodontitisA B S T R A C T

Kaynakça

  • Flemmig TF. Periodontitis. Ann Periodontol. 1999; 4: 32- 37.
  • Mariotti A. Dental plaque-induced gingival diseases. Ann Periodontol. 1999; 4: 7-17.
  • Iacopino AM. Periodontitis and diabetes interrelationships: Role of inflammation. Ann Periodontol. 2001; 6: 125-137.
  • Borrell LN, Papapanou PN. Analytical epidemiology of periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2005; 32: 132-158.
  • Campus G, Salem A, Uzzau S, Baldoni E, Tonolo G. Diabetes and Periodontal disease: A case-control study. J Periodontol. 2005; 76: 418-425.
  • Mealey BL. Periodontal disease and diabetes: A two-way street. JADA. 2006; 137: 26-31.
  • Benguigui C, Bongard V, Ruidavets J-B, Chamontin B, Sixou M, FerriEres J, Amar J. Metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and periodontitis: a cross- sectional study in a middle-aged French population. J Clin Periodontol. 2010; 37: 601-608.
  • Carpenter JF. Management of a patient who developed uncontrolled diabetes after implant placement: A case report. The Journal of Implant & Advanced Clinical Dentistry. 2010; 2: 81-87.
  • Al-Mubarak S, Ciancio S, Aljada A, Awa H, Hamouda W, Ghanim H, Zambon J, Boardman TJ, Mohanty P, Ross C, Dandona P. Comparative evaluation of adjunctive oral irrigation in diabetics. J Clin Periodontol. 2002; 29: 295-300.
  • Tsai C, Hayes C, Taylor GW. Glycemic control of type 2 diabetes and severe periodontal disease in the US adult population. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2002; 30: 182-192.
  • Iwamoto Y, Nishimura F, Nakagawa M, Sugimoto H, Shikata K, Makino H, Fukuda T, Tsuji T, ıwamoto M, Muramaya Y. The effect of antimicrobial Periodontal treatment on circulation tumor necrosis factor-alpha and glycated hemoglobin level in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Periodontol. 2001; 72: 774-778.
  • O’Connell PAA, Taba M Jr, Nomizo A, Freitas MCF, Suaid FA, Uyemura SA, Trevisan GL, Novaes AB Jr, Souza SLS, Palioto DB, Grisi MFM. Effects of Periodontal therapy on glycemic control and inflammatory markers. J Periodontol. 2008; 79:774-783.
  • Correa FOB, Gonçalves D, Figueredo CMS, Bastos AS, Gustafsson A, Orrico SRP. Effect of periodontal treatment on metabolic control, systemic inflammation and cytokines in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Clin Periodontol. 2010; 37: 53-58.
  • Stewart JE, Wager KA, Friedlander AH, Zadeh HH: The effect of periodontal treatment on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Periodontol. 2001; 28: 306-310.
  • Taylor GW. The effects of periodontal treatment on diabetes. JADA. 2003; 134: 41-48.
  • Mealey BL, Oates TW. Diabetes mellitus and periodontal diseases. J Periodontol. 2006; 77: 1289-1303.
  • Schneider C. Chemistry and biology of vitamin E. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2005; 49: 7-30.
  • Sen CK, Khanna S, Roy S. Tocotrienols: Vitamin E beyond tocopherols. Life Sciences. 2006; 78: 2088-2098.Ahmad NS, Khalid BAK, Luke DA, Nirwana SI. Tocotrienol offers beter protection than tocopherol from free radical-induced damage of rat bone. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology. 2005;32: 761-770.
  • Royack GA, a, Nguyen MP, Tong DC, Poot M, Oda D. Response of human oral epithelial cells to oxidative damage and the effect of vitamin E. Oral Oncology. 2000; 36: 37-41.
  • Asman B, Wijkander P, Hjerpe A. Reduction of collagen degradation in experimental granulation tissue by vitamin E and selenium. J Clin Periodontol. 1994; 21: 45-47.
  • Parrish JH, DeMarco TJ, Bissada NF. Vitamin E and periodontitis in the rat. Oral surg. 1977; augst: 210-218.
  • Kim JE, Shklar G. The effect of vitamin E on the healing of gingival wounds in rats. J periodontol. 1983; May: 305-308.
  • Hatipoğlu M, Alptekin NO, Haliloğlu S. Tip I diyabet oluşturulmuş deneysel periodontitisli sıçanlarda alfa-tokoferol’un serum IL-1b, IL-4 ve IL-6 düzeyleri üzerine etkileri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi. Cilt:21, Sayı:3,Yıl:2013, S:299-306.
  • Gerdhem P, Isaksson A, Akesson K, Obrant KJ. Increased bone density and decreased bone turnover, but no evident alteration of fracture susceptibility in elderly women with diabetes mellitus. Osteoporos Int. 2005; 16: 1506-1512.
  • Pastor MMC, López-Ibarra PJ, Escobar-Jiménez F, Pardo S, Garcia-Cervigon A. Intensive insulin therapy and bone mineral density in Type 1 diabetes mellitus: A Prospective Study. Osteoporos Int. 2000; 11: 455-459.
  • Rix M, Andreassen H, Eskildsen P. Impact of peripheral neuropathy on bone density in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1999; 22:827-831.
  • Wan Nazaimoon WM, Khalid BAK. Tocotrienols-rich diet decreases advanced glycosylation endproducts in non-diabetic rats and improves glycemic control in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Malaysian J Pathol. 2002; 24: 77-82.
  • Manning PJ, Sutherland WHF, Walker RJ, Williams SM, Jong SA, Ryalls AR, Berry EA. Effect of high-dose vitamin E on insulin resistance and associatted parameters in overweight subject. Diabetes Care. 2004; 27: 2166-2171.
  • Chis IC, Ungureanu MI, Marton A, Simedrea R, Muresan A, Postescu I-D, Decea N. Antioxidant effects of a grape seed extract in a rat model of diabetes mellitus. Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2009; 6; 200-204.
  • Holzhausen M, Garcia DF, Pepato MT, Marcantonio E Jr. The influence of short-term diabetes mellitus and insulin therapy on alveolarbone loss in rats. J Periodont Res. 2004; 39; 188-193.
  • Andersen CCP, Buschard K, Flyvbjerg A, Stoltze K, Holmstrupt P. Periodontitis deteriorates metabolic control in type 2 diabetic Goto- Kakizaki rats. J Periodontol. 2006; 77: 350-356.
  • Saito T, Murakami M, Shimazaki Y, Matsumoto S and Yamashita Y. The extent of alveolar bone loss is associated with impaired glucose tolerance in Japanese men. J Periodontol. 2006; 77: 392-397.Cohen ME, Meyer DM. Effect of dietary vitamin E supplementation and rotational stres on alveolar bone loss in rice rats. Archs oral biol. 1993; 38: 601-606.
  • Tervonen T, Karjalainen K, Knuuttila M,Huumonen S: Alveolar bone loss in type 1 diabetic subjects. J Clin Periodontol. 2000; 27: 567-571.
  • Lappin DF, Eapen B, Robertson D, Young J, Hodge PJ. Markers of bone destruction and formation and periodontitis in type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Periodontol. 2009; 36: 634-641.
  • Safkan-Seppala B, Sorsa T, Tervahartiala T, Beklen A, Yrjo T. Konttinen. Collagenases in Gingival Crevicular Fluid in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. J Periodontol. 2006;77:189-194.
  • Hauache OM, Lazaretti-Castro M, Andreoni S, Gimeno SGA, Brandao C, Ramalho AC, Kasamatsu TS, Kunii I, Hayashi LF, Dib SA, Vieira JGH. Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism: Correlation with Bone Mineral Density in a Brazilian Population with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. Osteoporos Int. 1998; 8: 204-210.
  • Zella JB, DeLuca HF. Vitamin D and autoimmune diabetes. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry. 2003; 88: 216-222.
  • Lean JM, Julie T. Davies JT, Fuller K, Jagger CJ, Kirstein B, Partington GA, Urry ZL, Chambers. TJ A crucial role for thiol antioxidants in estrogen-deficiency bone loss. J. Clin. Invest. 2003; 112: 915-923.
  • Ha H, Kwak HB, Lee SW, Jin HM, Kim HM, Kim HH, Lee ZH. Reactive oxygen species mediate RANK signaling in osteoclasts. Experimental Cell Research. 2004; 301: 119-127.
  • Wolf RL, Cauley JA, Pettinger M, Jackson R, Lacroix A, Leboff MS, Lewis CE, Nevitt MC, Simon JA, Stone KL, Wactawski-Wende J. Lack of a relation between vitamin and mineral antioxidants and bone mineral density: results from the Women’s Health Initiative. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005; 82: 581-588.
  • Norazlina M, Lee PL, Lukman HI, Nazrun AS, Ima-Nirwana S. Effects of vitamin E supplementation on bone metabolism in nicotine-treated rats. Singapore Med J. 2007; 48: 195-199.
  • Ahmad NS, Khalid BAK, Luke DA, Nirwana SI. Tocotrienol offers beter protection than tocopherol from free radical-induced damage of rat bone. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology. 2005;32: 761-770.
  • Norazlina M, Ima-Nirwana S, Gapor MTA, Khalid BAK. Tocotrienols are needed for normal bone calcification in growing female rats. Asia Pacific J Clin Nutr. 2002; 11: 194-199.
  • Mehat MZ, Shuid AN, Norazlina Mohamed , Norliza Muhammad, Ima Nirwana Soelaiman. Beneficial effects of vitamin E isomer supplementation on static and dynamic bone histomorphometry parameters in normal male rats. J Bone Miner Metab. 2010; 28: 503-509.
  • Shuid AN, Mehat Z, Mohamed N, Muhammad N, Soelaiman IN. Vitamin E exhibits bone anabolic actions in normal male rats. J Bone Miner Metab. 2010; 28:149-156.
  • Soeta S, Higuchi M, Yoshimura I, Itoh R, nobuhiro Kimura N, Aamsaki H. Effects of vitamin E on the osteoblast differentiation. J. vet. med. sci. 2010; 72: 951-957.
  • Cohen ME, Meyer DM. Effect of dietary vitamin E supplementation and rotational stres on alveolar bone loss in rice rats. Archs oral biol. 1993; 38: 601-606.

Deneysel periodontitis oluşturulmuş diyabetik sıçanlarda α-tokoferol’ün alveoler kemik kaybı üzerine etkileri

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 4, 380 - 388, 05.06.2014

Mükerrem Hatipoglu Nilgün Özlem Alptekin Mustafa Cihat Avunduk

https://doi.org/10.7126/cdj.58140.5000034015

Öz

ÖZET

Amaç: Birçok deneysel ve klinik çalışmada diyabetin periodonsiyum üzerinde yaptığı değişiklikler değerlendirilirken bunun yanında periodontitisin diyabet durumuna etkiside araştırılmıştır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, deneysel periodontitis ve streptozotosin (STZ) ile diyabet oluşturulan/oluşturulmayan sıçanlarda a-tokoferol uygulamasının alveoler kemik kaybı üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler:

Çalışmaya kırk adet erkek Sprague Dawley sıçana dahil edildi ve anestezi uygulandıktan sonra mandibular sağ birinci molar dişlere subgingival olarak 3/0 ipek sütur bağlandı. Bu hayvanlar, sağlıklı grup (Grup I) ve tek seferde 50 mg/kg STZ enjekte edilen diyabetik grup (Grup II) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Bu gruplarda serum fizyolojik (Grup IA, Grup IIA) ve a-tokoferol (40mg/kg/gün) enjekte edilen alt gruplara (Grup IB, Grup IIB) ayrıldı. Ligatür bağlandıktan 3 hafta sonra sıçanlar kurban edildi ve dokular histometrik ölçümler için nötral tamponlanmış %10’luk formaldehit solüsyonunda sabitlendi. Alveoler kemik kaybı (AKK), görüntü analiz programı kullanılarak analiz edildi. İstatistiksel kıyaslamalar için iki-yönlü varyans analizi, kullanıldı p<0.05 anlamlılık düzeyi kabul edildi.

Bulgular: Histometrik incelemeden sonra veriler değerlendirildi ve istatistiksel olarak gruplar arasında AKK düzeyleri farklı bulunmadı (p>0.05).

Sonuçlar: Verilerin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda a-tokoferol uygulamasının deneysel periodontitisli STZ ile diyabet oluşturulmuş/oluşturulmamış sıçanlarda AKK üzerinde bir etki oluşturmadığı gösterildi.

Anahtar kelimeler: Diyabet, a-tokoferol, AKK, deneysel periodontitis.


SUMMARY

Background: A variety of clinical and experimental studies investigated the influence of diabetes on the periodontium, as well as the impact of periodontitis on diabetes status. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a-tocopherol on alveolar bone loss in rats with experimental periodontitis with/without streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes.

Methods: Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were included in the study and after anesthesia 3/0 silk sutures were placed at the subgingival level of the mandibular right first molars. These animals were divided into two groups: Healty group (Group I) and diabetic group by single injection of 50 mg/kg STZ(Group II). These groups divided into two subgroups; twenty rats were saline group (Group IA, Group IIA) and other twenty rats (Group IB, Group IIB) were a-tocopherol(40mg/kg/day) group. After 3 weeks, all rats were sacrified and the tissues were fixed using neutral buffered 10% formaldehyde solution for histometrical investigation. Alveolar bone loss (ABL), were analyzed by using image analysis program. Statistical comparisons were performed by using two-way analysis of variance with significance set at p<0.05.

Results: Data were evaluated after the histometrical examination and there were no statistically significant differences in ABL between the study groups (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Analysis of these data demonstrated that a-tocopherol treatment was not affected the ABL of rats with experimental periodontitis with/without STZ-induced diabetes.

Key Words: Diabetes, a-tocopherol, ABL, experimental periodontitis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diabetes a-tocopherol ABL experimental periodontitis.

Kaynakça

  • Flemmig TF. Periodontitis. Ann Periodontol. 1999; 4: 32- 37.
  • Mariotti A. Dental plaque-induced gingival diseases. Ann Periodontol. 1999; 4: 7-17.
  • Iacopino AM. Periodontitis and diabetes interrelationships: Role of inflammation. Ann Periodontol. 2001; 6: 125-137.
  • Borrell LN, Papapanou PN. Analytical epidemiology of periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2005; 32: 132-158.
  • Campus G, Salem A, Uzzau S, Baldoni E, Tonolo G. Diabetes and Periodontal disease: A case-control study. J Periodontol. 2005; 76: 418-425.
  • Mealey BL. Periodontal disease and diabetes: A two-way street. JADA. 2006; 137: 26-31.
  • Benguigui C, Bongard V, Ruidavets J-B, Chamontin B, Sixou M, FerriEres J, Amar J. Metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and periodontitis: a cross- sectional study in a middle-aged French population. J Clin Periodontol. 2010; 37: 601-608.
  • Carpenter JF. Management of a patient who developed uncontrolled diabetes after implant placement: A case report. The Journal of Implant & Advanced Clinical Dentistry. 2010; 2: 81-87.
  • Al-Mubarak S, Ciancio S, Aljada A, Awa H, Hamouda W, Ghanim H, Zambon J, Boardman TJ, Mohanty P, Ross C, Dandona P. Comparative evaluation of adjunctive oral irrigation in diabetics. J Clin Periodontol. 2002; 29: 295-300.
  • Tsai C, Hayes C, Taylor GW. Glycemic control of type 2 diabetes and severe periodontal disease in the US adult population. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2002; 30: 182-192.
  • Iwamoto Y, Nishimura F, Nakagawa M, Sugimoto H, Shikata K, Makino H, Fukuda T, Tsuji T, ıwamoto M, Muramaya Y. The effect of antimicrobial Periodontal treatment on circulation tumor necrosis factor-alpha and glycated hemoglobin level in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Periodontol. 2001; 72: 774-778.
  • O’Connell PAA, Taba M Jr, Nomizo A, Freitas MCF, Suaid FA, Uyemura SA, Trevisan GL, Novaes AB Jr, Souza SLS, Palioto DB, Grisi MFM. Effects of Periodontal therapy on glycemic control and inflammatory markers. J Periodontol. 2008; 79:774-783.
  • Correa FOB, Gonçalves D, Figueredo CMS, Bastos AS, Gustafsson A, Orrico SRP. Effect of periodontal treatment on metabolic control, systemic inflammation and cytokines in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Clin Periodontol. 2010; 37: 53-58.
  • Stewart JE, Wager KA, Friedlander AH, Zadeh HH: The effect of periodontal treatment on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Periodontol. 2001; 28: 306-310.
  • Taylor GW. The effects of periodontal treatment on diabetes. JADA. 2003; 134: 41-48.
  • Mealey BL, Oates TW. Diabetes mellitus and periodontal diseases. J Periodontol. 2006; 77: 1289-1303.
  • Schneider C. Chemistry and biology of vitamin E. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2005; 49: 7-30.
  • Sen CK, Khanna S, Roy S. Tocotrienols: Vitamin E beyond tocopherols. Life Sciences. 2006; 78: 2088-2098.Ahmad NS, Khalid BAK, Luke DA, Nirwana SI. Tocotrienol offers beter protection than tocopherol from free radical-induced damage of rat bone. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology. 2005;32: 761-770.
  • Royack GA, a, Nguyen MP, Tong DC, Poot M, Oda D. Response of human oral epithelial cells to oxidative damage and the effect of vitamin E. Oral Oncology. 2000; 36: 37-41.
  • Asman B, Wijkander P, Hjerpe A. Reduction of collagen degradation in experimental granulation tissue by vitamin E and selenium. J Clin Periodontol. 1994; 21: 45-47.
  • Parrish JH, DeMarco TJ, Bissada NF. Vitamin E and periodontitis in the rat. Oral surg. 1977; augst: 210-218.
  • Kim JE, Shklar G. The effect of vitamin E on the healing of gingival wounds in rats. J periodontol. 1983; May: 305-308.
  • Hatipoğlu M, Alptekin NO, Haliloğlu S. Tip I diyabet oluşturulmuş deneysel periodontitisli sıçanlarda alfa-tokoferol’un serum IL-1b, IL-4 ve IL-6 düzeyleri üzerine etkileri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi. Cilt:21, Sayı:3,Yıl:2013, S:299-306.
  • Gerdhem P, Isaksson A, Akesson K, Obrant KJ. Increased bone density and decreased bone turnover, but no evident alteration of fracture susceptibility in elderly women with diabetes mellitus. Osteoporos Int. 2005; 16: 1506-1512.
  • Pastor MMC, López-Ibarra PJ, Escobar-Jiménez F, Pardo S, Garcia-Cervigon A. Intensive insulin therapy and bone mineral density in Type 1 diabetes mellitus: A Prospective Study. Osteoporos Int. 2000; 11: 455-459.
  • Rix M, Andreassen H, Eskildsen P. Impact of peripheral neuropathy on bone density in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1999; 22:827-831.
  • Wan Nazaimoon WM, Khalid BAK. Tocotrienols-rich diet decreases advanced glycosylation endproducts in non-diabetic rats and improves glycemic control in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Malaysian J Pathol. 2002; 24: 77-82.
  • Manning PJ, Sutherland WHF, Walker RJ, Williams SM, Jong SA, Ryalls AR, Berry EA. Effect of high-dose vitamin E on insulin resistance and associatted parameters in overweight subject. Diabetes Care. 2004; 27: 2166-2171.
  • Chis IC, Ungureanu MI, Marton A, Simedrea R, Muresan A, Postescu I-D, Decea N. Antioxidant effects of a grape seed extract in a rat model of diabetes mellitus. Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2009; 6; 200-204.
  • Holzhausen M, Garcia DF, Pepato MT, Marcantonio E Jr. The influence of short-term diabetes mellitus and insulin therapy on alveolarbone loss in rats. J Periodont Res. 2004; 39; 188-193.
  • Andersen CCP, Buschard K, Flyvbjerg A, Stoltze K, Holmstrupt P. Periodontitis deteriorates metabolic control in type 2 diabetic Goto- Kakizaki rats. J Periodontol. 2006; 77: 350-356.
  • Saito T, Murakami M, Shimazaki Y, Matsumoto S and Yamashita Y. The extent of alveolar bone loss is associated with impaired glucose tolerance in Japanese men. J Periodontol. 2006; 77: 392-397.Cohen ME, Meyer DM. Effect of dietary vitamin E supplementation and rotational stres on alveolar bone loss in rice rats. Archs oral biol. 1993; 38: 601-606.
  • Tervonen T, Karjalainen K, Knuuttila M,Huumonen S: Alveolar bone loss in type 1 diabetic subjects. J Clin Periodontol. 2000; 27: 567-571.
  • Lappin DF, Eapen B, Robertson D, Young J, Hodge PJ. Markers of bone destruction and formation and periodontitis in type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Periodontol. 2009; 36: 634-641.
  • Safkan-Seppala B, Sorsa T, Tervahartiala T, Beklen A, Yrjo T. Konttinen. Collagenases in Gingival Crevicular Fluid in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. J Periodontol. 2006;77:189-194.
  • Hauache OM, Lazaretti-Castro M, Andreoni S, Gimeno SGA, Brandao C, Ramalho AC, Kasamatsu TS, Kunii I, Hayashi LF, Dib SA, Vieira JGH. Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism: Correlation with Bone Mineral Density in a Brazilian Population with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. Osteoporos Int. 1998; 8: 204-210.
  • Zella JB, DeLuca HF. Vitamin D and autoimmune diabetes. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry. 2003; 88: 216-222.
  • Lean JM, Julie T. Davies JT, Fuller K, Jagger CJ, Kirstein B, Partington GA, Urry ZL, Chambers. TJ A crucial role for thiol antioxidants in estrogen-deficiency bone loss. J. Clin. Invest. 2003; 112: 915-923.
  • Ha H, Kwak HB, Lee SW, Jin HM, Kim HM, Kim HH, Lee ZH. Reactive oxygen species mediate RANK signaling in osteoclasts. Experimental Cell Research. 2004; 301: 119-127.
  • Wolf RL, Cauley JA, Pettinger M, Jackson R, Lacroix A, Leboff MS, Lewis CE, Nevitt MC, Simon JA, Stone KL, Wactawski-Wende J. Lack of a relation between vitamin and mineral antioxidants and bone mineral density: results from the Women’s Health Initiative. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005; 82: 581-588.
  • Norazlina M, Lee PL, Lukman HI, Nazrun AS, Ima-Nirwana S. Effects of vitamin E supplementation on bone metabolism in nicotine-treated rats. Singapore Med J. 2007; 48: 195-199.
  • Ahmad NS, Khalid BAK, Luke DA, Nirwana SI. Tocotrienol offers beter protection than tocopherol from free radical-induced damage of rat bone. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology. 2005;32: 761-770.
  • Norazlina M, Ima-Nirwana S, Gapor MTA, Khalid BAK. Tocotrienols are needed for normal bone calcification in growing female rats. Asia Pacific J Clin Nutr. 2002; 11: 194-199.
  • Mehat MZ, Shuid AN, Norazlina Mohamed , Norliza Muhammad, Ima Nirwana Soelaiman. Beneficial effects of vitamin E isomer supplementation on static and dynamic bone histomorphometry parameters in normal male rats. J Bone Miner Metab. 2010; 28: 503-509.
  • Shuid AN, Mehat Z, Mohamed N, Muhammad N, Soelaiman IN. Vitamin E exhibits bone anabolic actions in normal male rats. J Bone Miner Metab. 2010; 28:149-156.
  • Soeta S, Higuchi M, Yoshimura I, Itoh R, nobuhiro Kimura N, Aamsaki H. Effects of vitamin E on the osteoblast differentiation. J. vet. med. sci. 2010; 72: 951-957.
  • Cohen ME, Meyer DM. Effect of dietary vitamin E supplementation and rotational stres on alveolar bone loss in rice rats. Archs oral biol. 1993; 38: 601-606.
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Original Research Articles
Yazarlar

Mükerrem Hatipoglu

Nilgün Özlem Alptekin

Mustafa Cihat Avunduk

Yayımlanma Tarihi 5 Haziran 2014
Gönderilme Tarihi 5 Haziran 2014
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2014Cilt: 17 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

EndNote Hatipoglu M, Alptekin NÖ, Avunduk MC (01 Kasım 2014) Deneysel periodontitis oluşturulmuş diyabetik sıçanlarda α-tokoferol’ün alveoler kemik kaybı üzerine etkileri. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 17 4 380–388.

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