Öz
Primary etiologic agent in periodontitis is bacterial plaque. The subgingival Gram (-) anaeorophilic and microaerophilic bacteria is crucial in initition and progression of periodontal disease. It is well known that host releated factors affect the periodontal tissues. Additionally, the effects of periodontal diseases on systemic health has been well established. Preterm Low Weight Birth is a serious problem for developing countries. It is important to know the risk factors and treatment strategies for Preterm Low Weight Birth. Factors such as smoking, hypertension, and diabetes increase the risk for Preterm Low Weight Birth. In addition, these risk factors are not present in approximately one-fourth of Preterm Low Weight Birth cases, leading to a continued search for other causes. Recently, the studies have been intensified on clarifying the periodontitis related mechanisms of Preterm Low Weight Birth. In this review, the role of periodontal disease in preterm and low birth weight and the studies releated to this subject have been criticized.
Keywords: Periodontitis, premature birth, low birth weight.
ÖZET
Periodontal hastalığın başlamasında primer etyolojik ajan bakteri plağıdır. Plak içinde özellikle subgingival Gram (-) anaerobik ve mikroaerofilik bakteriler periodontal hastalığın başlaması ve devam etmesinde önemli rol alır. Konak kaynaklı faktörlerin periodontal hastalık üzerine olan etkileri iyi bilinmektedir. Bununla birlikte hastalıklı periodonsiyumun sistemik durum üzerine etkileri son dönemde yapılan çalışmalarla ortaya konulmuştur. Preterm ve düşük ağırlıklı doğum ağırlığı (DDA), gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülke toplumları için önemli bir sorundur. Preterm ve DDA için risk faktörlerini bilmek bu tip durumlara karşı stratejiler geliştirmeye ve önlemeye yardımcı olacaktır Hamilelik sırasında sigara, hipertansiyon ve diabet gibi faktörler Preterm ve DDA riskini artırmaktadır. Bununla birlikte Preterm ve DDA’lerin %25’inde bu risk faktörleri bulunmamaktadır. Son dönemde periodontal durumun hamile bireylerde Preterm ve DDA’e yol açması ile ilgili olası mekanizmayı aydınlatmaya yönelik çalışmalar ivme kazanmıştır. Bu derlemede periodontal hastalığın erken ve düşük ağırlıklı doğumdaki rolü ve bu konuda yapılan çalışmalar incelenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Kinane DF. Causation and pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Periodontol 2000 2001;25:8-20.
- Lopez NJ, Smith PC, Gutierrez J. Periodontal therapy may reduce the risk of preterm low birth weight in women with periodontal disease: a randomized controlled trial. J Periodontol 2002;73:911-924.
- Mealey BL. Influence of periodontal infections on systemic health. Periodontol 2000 1999;21:197-209.
- Gazolla CM, Ribeiro A, Moyses MR, Oliveira LA, Pereira LJ,Sallum AW. Evaluation of the incidence of preterm low birth weight in patients undergoing periodontal therapy. J Periodontol 2007;78:842-848.
- Offenbacher S, Jared HL, O'Reilly PG, Wells SR, Salvi GE, Lawrence HP, Socransky SS, Beck JD. Potential pathogenic mechanisms of periodontitis associated pregnancy complications. Ann Periodontol 1998;3:233-250.
- Guimaraes AN. Silva-Mato A. Miranda Cota LO. Siqueira FM, Costa FO. Maternal periodontal disease and preterm or extreme preterm birth: an ordinal logistic regression analysis. J Periodontol 2010;81:350-358.
- Martin JA. Kirmeyer S. Osterman M. Shepherd RA. Born a bit too early: recent trends in late preterm births. NCHS Data Brief 2009:1-8.
- Hack M, Klein NK, Taylor HG. Long-term developmental outcomes of low birth weight infants. Future Child, 1995;5:176-196.
- McCormick MC. The contribution of low birth weight to infant mortality and childhood morbidity. N Engl J Med 1985;312:82-90.
- Ellenberg JH, Nelson KB. Birth weight and gestational age in children with cerebral palsy or seizure disorders. Am J Dis Child 1979;133:1044-1048.
- Hack M, Taylor,HG, Klein N, Eiben, R, Schatschneider C, MercuriMinich N. School-age outcomes in children with birth weights under 750 g. N Engl J Med 1994;331:75375
- Dasanayake AP. Boyd D. Madianos PN. Offenbacher S, Hills E. The association between Porphyromonas gingivalis-specific maternal serum IgG and low birth weight. J Periodontol 2001;72:1491-1497.
- Offenbacher S. Katz V. Fertik G. Collins J, Boyd D, Maynor G, McKaiq R, Beck J. Periodontal infection as a possible risk factor for preterm low birth weight. J Periodontol 1996;67:1103-1113.
- Offenbacher S. Boggess KA. Murtha AP. Jared HL, Lieff S, McKaig RG, Maurİello SM, Moss KL, Beck JD. Progressive periodontal disease and risk of very preterm delivery. Obstet Gynecol 2006;107:29-36.
- Lin D. Smith MA. Champagne C. Elter J, Beck J, Offenbacher S. Porphyromonas gingivalis infection during pregnancy increases maternal tumor necrosis factor alpha, suppresses maternal interleukin-10, and enhances fetal growth restriction and resorption in mice. Infect Immun, 2003;71:5156-5162.
- Mitchell MD, Simpson KL, Keelan JA. Paradoxical proinflammatory actions of interleukin-10 in human amnion: potential roles in term and preterm labour. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:4149-4152.
- Lin D, Moss K, Beck JD, Hefti, A, Offenbacher, S. Persistently high levels of periodontal pathogens associated with preterm pregnancy outcome. J Periodontol 2007;78:8338
- Zaga-Clavellina V. Garcia-Lopez G. Flores-Herrera H. Espejel-Nunez A, Flores-Pliego A, Soriano-Becerril D, Maida-Claros R, Merchant-Lairos H, Vadillo-Ortega F. In vitro secretion profiles of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF alpha after selective infection with Escherichia coli in human fetal membranes. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2007;5:46.
- Moore S, Ide M, Coward PY, Randhawa M, Borkowska E, Baylis RA, Wilson RF. Prospective study to investigate the relationship between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcome. Br Dent J 2004;197:251-258; discussion 247.
- Mitchell-Lewis D, Engebretson SP, Chen J, Lamster IB,Papapanou PN. Periodontal infections and pre-term birth: early findings from a cohort of young minority women in New York. Eur J Oral Sci 2001;09:34-39.
- Buduneli N, Baylas H, Buduneli E, Turkoglu O, Kose T, Dahlen G. Periodontal infections and pre-term low birth weight: a case-control study. J Clin Periodontol 2005;32:174-181.
- Romero R, Brody DT, Oyarzun E, Mazor M, Wu YK, Hobbins JC, Durum SK. Infection and labor. III. Interleukin-1: a signal for the onset of parturition. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1989;160:1117-1123.
- Novak MJ, Novak KF, Hodges JS, Kirakodu S, Govindaswami M, Diangelis A, Buchanan W, Papapanou PN, Michalowicz BS. Periodontal bacterial profiles in pregnant women: response to treatment and associations with birth outcomes in the obstetrics and periodontal therapy (OPT) study. J Periodontol 2008;79:1870-1879.
- Ebersole JL, Novak MJ, Michalowicz BS, Hodges JS, Steffen MJ, Ferguson JE, Diangelis A, Buchanan W, Mitchell DA, Papapanou PN. Systemic immune responses in pregnancy and periodontitis: relationship to pregnancy outcomes in the Obstetrics and Periodontal Therapy (OPT) study. J Periodontol 2009;80:953960.
- Offenbacher S, Lin D, Strauss R, McKaig R, Irving J, Barros SP, Moss K, Barrow DA, Hefti A, Beck JD. Effects of periodontal therapy during pregnancy on periodontal status, biologic parameters, and pregnancy outcomes: a pilot study. J Periodontol 2006;77:2011-2024.
- Jeffcoat MK, Hauth JC, Geurs NC, Reddy MS, Cliver SP, Hodgkins PM, Goldenberg RL. Periodontal disease and preterm birth: results of a pilot intervention study. J Periodontol 2003;74: 1214-1218.
- Lopez NJ, Da Silva I, Ipinza J,Gutierrez J. Periodontal therapy reduces the rate of preterm low birth weight in women with pregnancyassociated gingivitis. J Periodontol 2005;76:2144-2153. Michalowicz BS, Hodges JS, DiAngelis AJ, Lupo VR, Novak MJ, Ferguson JE. Buchanan W,Bofill J, Papapanou PN, Mitchell DA, Matseoane S, Tschida PA. Treatment of periodontal disease and the risk of preterm birth. N Engl J Med 2006;355:1885-1894.
Öz
Periodontal hastalığın başlamasında primeretyolojik ajan bakteri plağıdır. Plak içinde özelliklesubgingival Gram (-) anaerobik ve mikroaerofilikbakteriler periodontal hastalığın başlaması vedevam etmesinde önemli rol alır. Konak kaynaklıfaktörlerin periodontal hastalık üzerine olan etkileriiyi bilinmektedir. Bununla birlikte hastalıklıperiodonsiyumun sistemik durum üzerine etkilerison dönemde yapılan çalışmalarla ortayakonulmuştur. Preterm ve düşük ağırlıklı doğumağırlığı (DDA), gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülketoplumları için önemli bir sorundur. Preterm veDDA için risk faktörlerini bilmek bu tip durumlarakarşı stratejiler geliştirmeye ve önlemeye yardımcıolacaktır Hamilelik sırasında sigara, hipertansiyonve diabet gibi faktörler Preterm ve DDA riskiniartırmaktadır. Bununla birlikte Preterm ve DDA’lerin %25’inde bu risk faktörleribulunmamaktadır. Son dönemde periodontaldurumun hamile bireylerde Preterm ve DDA’e yolaçması ile ilgili olası mekanizmayı aydınlatmayayönelik çalışmalar ivme kazanmıştır. Bu derlemedeperiodontal hastalığın erken ve düşük ağırlıklıdoğumdaki rolü ve bu konuda yapılan çalışmalar incelenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Kinane DF. Causation and pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Periodontol 2000 2001;25:8-20.
- Lopez NJ, Smith PC, Gutierrez J. Periodontal therapy may reduce the risk of preterm low birth weight in women with periodontal disease: a randomized controlled trial. J Periodontol 2002;73:911-924.
- Mealey BL. Influence of periodontal infections on systemic health. Periodontol 2000 1999;21:197-209.
- Gazolla CM, Ribeiro A, Moyses MR, Oliveira LA, Pereira LJ,Sallum AW. Evaluation of the incidence of preterm low birth weight in patients undergoing periodontal therapy. J Periodontol 2007;78:842-848.
- Offenbacher S, Jared HL, O'Reilly PG, Wells SR, Salvi GE, Lawrence HP, Socransky SS, Beck JD. Potential pathogenic mechanisms of periodontitis associated pregnancy complications. Ann Periodontol 1998;3:233-250.
- Guimaraes AN. Silva-Mato A. Miranda Cota LO. Siqueira FM, Costa FO. Maternal periodontal disease and preterm or extreme preterm birth: an ordinal logistic regression analysis. J Periodontol 2010;81:350-358.
- Martin JA. Kirmeyer S. Osterman M. Shepherd RA. Born a bit too early: recent trends in late preterm births. NCHS Data Brief 2009:1-8.
- Hack M, Klein NK, Taylor HG. Long-term developmental outcomes of low birth weight infants. Future Child, 1995;5:176-196.
- McCormick MC. The contribution of low birth weight to infant mortality and childhood morbidity. N Engl J Med 1985;312:82-90.
- Ellenberg JH, Nelson KB. Birth weight and gestational age in children with cerebral palsy or seizure disorders. Am J Dis Child 1979;133:1044-1048.
- Hack M, Taylor,HG, Klein N, Eiben, R, Schatschneider C, MercuriMinich N. School-age outcomes in children with birth weights under 750 g. N Engl J Med 1994;331:75375
- Dasanayake AP. Boyd D. Madianos PN. Offenbacher S, Hills E. The association between Porphyromonas gingivalis-specific maternal serum IgG and low birth weight. J Periodontol 2001;72:1491-1497.
- Offenbacher S. Katz V. Fertik G. Collins J, Boyd D, Maynor G, McKaiq R, Beck J. Periodontal infection as a possible risk factor for preterm low birth weight. J Periodontol 1996;67:1103-1113.
- Offenbacher S. Boggess KA. Murtha AP. Jared HL, Lieff S, McKaig RG, Maurİello SM, Moss KL, Beck JD. Progressive periodontal disease and risk of very preterm delivery. Obstet Gynecol 2006;107:29-36.
- Lin D. Smith MA. Champagne C. Elter J, Beck J, Offenbacher S. Porphyromonas gingivalis infection during pregnancy increases maternal tumor necrosis factor alpha, suppresses maternal interleukin-10, and enhances fetal growth restriction and resorption in mice. Infect Immun, 2003;71:5156-5162.
- Mitchell MD, Simpson KL, Keelan JA. Paradoxical proinflammatory actions of interleukin-10 in human amnion: potential roles in term and preterm labour. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:4149-4152.
- Lin D, Moss K, Beck JD, Hefti, A, Offenbacher, S. Persistently high levels of periodontal pathogens associated with preterm pregnancy outcome. J Periodontol 2007;78:8338
- Zaga-Clavellina V. Garcia-Lopez G. Flores-Herrera H. Espejel-Nunez A, Flores-Pliego A, Soriano-Becerril D, Maida-Claros R, Merchant-Lairos H, Vadillo-Ortega F. In vitro secretion profiles of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF alpha after selective infection with Escherichia coli in human fetal membranes. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2007;5:46.
- Moore S, Ide M, Coward PY, Randhawa M, Borkowska E, Baylis RA, Wilson RF. Prospective study to investigate the relationship between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcome. Br Dent J 2004;197:251-258; discussion 247.
- Mitchell-Lewis D, Engebretson SP, Chen J, Lamster IB,Papapanou PN. Periodontal infections and pre-term birth: early findings from a cohort of young minority women in New York. Eur J Oral Sci 2001;09:34-39.
- Buduneli N, Baylas H, Buduneli E, Turkoglu O, Kose T, Dahlen G. Periodontal infections and pre-term low birth weight: a case-control study. J Clin Periodontol 2005;32:174-181.
- Romero R, Brody DT, Oyarzun E, Mazor M, Wu YK, Hobbins JC, Durum SK. Infection and labor. III. Interleukin-1: a signal for the onset of parturition. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1989;160:1117-1123.
- Novak MJ, Novak KF, Hodges JS, Kirakodu S, Govindaswami M, Diangelis A, Buchanan W, Papapanou PN, Michalowicz BS. Periodontal bacterial profiles in pregnant women: response to treatment and associations with birth outcomes in the obstetrics and periodontal therapy (OPT) study. J Periodontol 2008;79:1870-1879.
- Ebersole JL, Novak MJ, Michalowicz BS, Hodges JS, Steffen MJ, Ferguson JE, Diangelis A, Buchanan W, Mitchell DA, Papapanou PN. Systemic immune responses in pregnancy and periodontitis: relationship to pregnancy outcomes in the Obstetrics and Periodontal Therapy (OPT) study. J Periodontol 2009;80:953960.
- Offenbacher S, Lin D, Strauss R, McKaig R, Irving J, Barros SP, Moss K, Barrow DA, Hefti A, Beck JD. Effects of periodontal therapy during pregnancy on periodontal status, biologic parameters, and pregnancy outcomes: a pilot study. J Periodontol 2006;77:2011-2024.
- Jeffcoat MK, Hauth JC, Geurs NC, Reddy MS, Cliver SP, Hodgkins PM, Goldenberg RL. Periodontal disease and preterm birth: results of a pilot intervention study. J Periodontol 2003;74: 1214-1218.
- Lopez NJ, Da Silva I, Ipinza J,Gutierrez J. Periodontal therapy reduces the rate of preterm low birth weight in women with pregnancyassociated gingivitis. J Periodontol 2005;76:2144-2153. Michalowicz BS, Hodges JS, DiAngelis AJ, Lupo VR, Novak MJ, Ferguson JE. Buchanan W,Bofill J, Papapanou PN, Mitchell DA, Matseoane S, Tschida PA. Treatment of periodontal disease and the risk of preterm birth. N Engl J Med 2006;355:1885-1894.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Review |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Mayıs 2013 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 24 Mayıs 2011 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2013Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2 |
Cumhuriyet Dental Journal (Cumhuriyet Dent J, CDJ) is the official publication of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry. CDJ is an international journal dedicated to the latest advancement of dentistry. The aim of this journal is to provide a platform for scientists and academicians all over the world to promote, share, and discuss various new issues and developments in different areas of dentistry. First issue of the Journal of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry was published in 1998. In 2010, journal's name was changed as Cumhuriyet Dental Journal. Journal’s publication language is English.
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