Dental Caries and Caries Associated Factors of Six and Seven Year-Old Children Living in a High Fluoride Area
Abstract
Objectives: (1) To examine the prevalence of dental caries and fluorosis in six and seven year-old children living in a high-fluoride area and (2) to study associations between the caries experience and sociodemographic factors, oral hygiene habits, dental attendance and diet in this population.
Materials and Methods: Two thousand six and seven year-old children in the first grade of elementary school in Isparta, Turkey, were included in this study. The questionnaires, including questions about sociodemographic factors, oral hygiene habits, dental attendance and diet, were answered by the parents of these children. Three experienced examiners performed the clinical examinations.
Results: While 30% of the children studied have no carious primary teeth, 96% have no carious permanent teeth. The mean caries experience (dmft+DMFT) was 3.60 (±3.63). Various degrees of fluorosis were present in 2% of the children’s primary dentition and 28% of the children’s permanent dentition. The father’s and mother’s education, the age of the father when the child was born, when the child’s first dental visit occurred, the frequency of toothbrushing and ingesting sugar-containing soft drinks were all associated with the caries experience.
Consclusions: The prevalence of dental caries and fluorosis was high among the studied child population in a high-fluoride area. Sociodemographic factors, oral hygiene habits, dental attendance and diet are risk indicators for caries in this population.
References
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- Unicef. Children in the Population, the Family and the Health and Education Systems. Available from: http://www.unicef.org.tr/en/content/detail/53/children-in-the-population.html (access date: 03.01.2015).
- Gokalp SG, Dogan BG, Tekcicek MT, Berberoglu A, Unluer S. National survey of oral health status of children and adults in Turkey. Community Dent Health 2010;27:12-17.
- Hicks J, Garcia-Godoy F, Flaitz C. Biological factors in dental caries: role of saliva and dental plaque in the dynamic process of demineralization and remineralization (part 1). J Clin Pediatr Dent 2003;28:47-52.
- Featherstone JD. Prevention and reversal of dental caries: role of low level fluoride. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1999;27:31-40.
- Featherstone JDB. The science and practice of caries prevention. J Am Dent Assoc 2000;131:887-899.
- World Health Organization. Oral health surveys: basic methods (3rd ed). Geneva: WHO, 1987:39-44.
- Akpata ES. Occurrence and management of dental fluorosis. Int Dent J 2001;51:325-333.
- Campus G, Lumbau A, Lai S, Solinas G, Castiglia P. Socio-economic and behavioural factors related to caries in twelve-year-old Sardinian children. Caries Res 2001;35:427-434.
- Quiñonez RB, Keels MA, Vann WF Jr, McIver FT, Heller K, Whitt JK. Early childhood caries: analysis of psychosocial and biological factors in a high-risk population. Caries Res 2001;35:376-383.
- Alm A, Wendt LK, Koch G, Birkhed D. Oral hygiene and parent-related factors during early childhood in relation to approximal caries at 15 years of age. Caries Res 2008;42:28-36.
- Zaborskis A, Milciuviene S, Narbutaite J, Bendoraitiene E, Kavaliauskiene A. Caries experience and oral health behaviour among 11 -13-year-olds: an ecological study of data from 27 European countries, Israel, Canada and USA. Community Dent Health 2010;27:102-108.
- Roberts-Thomson K, Stewart JF. Risk indicators of caries experience among young adults. Aust Dent J 2008;53:122-127.
- Jacobsson B, Wendt LK, Johansson I. Dental caries and caries associated factors in Swedish 15-year-olds in relation to immigrant background. Swed Dent J 2005;29:71-79.
- Bruno-Ambrosius K, Swanholm G, Twetman S. Eating habits, smoking and toothbrushing in relation to dental caries: a 3-year study in Swedish female teenagers. Int J Paediatr Dent 2005;15:190-196.
- Chestnutt IG, Schäfer F, Jacobson AP, Stephen KW. The influence of toothbrushing frequency and post-brushing rinsing on caries experience in a caries clinical trial. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1998;26:406-411.
- al Ghanim NA, Adenubi JO, Wyne AA, Khan NB. Caries prediction model in pre-school children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Int J Paediatr Dent 1998;8:115-122.
- Poulsen S. The child's first dental visit. Int J Paediatr Dent 2003;13:264-265.
- Hashim R, Williams SM, Thomson WM. Diet and caries experience among preschool children in Ajman, United Arab Emirates. Eur J Oral Sci 2009;117:734-740.
- Al-malik MI, Holt RD, Bedi R. The relationship between erosion, caries and rampant caries and dietary habits in pre-school children in Saudi Arabia. Int J Pediatr Dent 2001;11:430-439.
- Woodward M, Walker ARP. Sugar consumption and dental caries: evidence from 90 countries. Br Dent J 1994;176:297-302.
- Ruan JP, Yang ZQ, Wang ZL, Astrøm AN, Bårdsen A, Bjorvatn K. Dental fluorosis and dental caries in permanent teeth: rural schoolchildren in high-fluoride areas in the Shaanxi province, China. Acta Odontol Scand 2005;63:258-265.
- Mackay TD, Thomson WM. Enamel defects and dental caries among Southland children. N Z Dent J 2005;101:35-43.
- Ermiş RB, Koray F, Akdeniz BG. Dental caries and fluorosis in low- and high-fluoride areas in Turkey. Quintessence Int 2003;34:354-360.
- Narbutaité J, Vehkalahti MM, Milciuviené S. Dental fluorosis and dental caries among 12-yr-old children from high- and low-fluoride areas in Lithuania. Eur J Oral Sci 2007;115:137-142.
- Ismail AI, Hasson H. Fluoride supplements, dental caries and fluorosis: a systematic review. J Am Dent Assoc 2008;139:1457-1468.
- Global Goals for the Year 2000 and 2020. Available from: http://www.whocollab.od.mah.se/expl/globgoals20.html#Global%20goals%20for%202000. (access date: 03.01.2015).
Abstract
References
- REFERENCES
- Unicef. Children in the Population, the Family and the Health and Education Systems. Available from: http://www.unicef.org.tr/en/content/detail/53/children-in-the-population.html (access date: 03.01.2015).
- Gokalp SG, Dogan BG, Tekcicek MT, Berberoglu A, Unluer S. National survey of oral health status of children and adults in Turkey. Community Dent Health 2010;27:12-17.
- Hicks J, Garcia-Godoy F, Flaitz C. Biological factors in dental caries: role of saliva and dental plaque in the dynamic process of demineralization and remineralization (part 1). J Clin Pediatr Dent 2003;28:47-52.
- Featherstone JD. Prevention and reversal of dental caries: role of low level fluoride. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1999;27:31-40.
- Featherstone JDB. The science and practice of caries prevention. J Am Dent Assoc 2000;131:887-899.
- World Health Organization. Oral health surveys: basic methods (3rd ed). Geneva: WHO, 1987:39-44.
- Akpata ES. Occurrence and management of dental fluorosis. Int Dent J 2001;51:325-333.
- Campus G, Lumbau A, Lai S, Solinas G, Castiglia P. Socio-economic and behavioural factors related to caries in twelve-year-old Sardinian children. Caries Res 2001;35:427-434.
- Quiñonez RB, Keels MA, Vann WF Jr, McIver FT, Heller K, Whitt JK. Early childhood caries: analysis of psychosocial and biological factors in a high-risk population. Caries Res 2001;35:376-383.
- Alm A, Wendt LK, Koch G, Birkhed D. Oral hygiene and parent-related factors during early childhood in relation to approximal caries at 15 years of age. Caries Res 2008;42:28-36.
- Zaborskis A, Milciuviene S, Narbutaite J, Bendoraitiene E, Kavaliauskiene A. Caries experience and oral health behaviour among 11 -13-year-olds: an ecological study of data from 27 European countries, Israel, Canada and USA. Community Dent Health 2010;27:102-108.
- Roberts-Thomson K, Stewart JF. Risk indicators of caries experience among young adults. Aust Dent J 2008;53:122-127.
- Jacobsson B, Wendt LK, Johansson I. Dental caries and caries associated factors in Swedish 15-year-olds in relation to immigrant background. Swed Dent J 2005;29:71-79.
- Bruno-Ambrosius K, Swanholm G, Twetman S. Eating habits, smoking and toothbrushing in relation to dental caries: a 3-year study in Swedish female teenagers. Int J Paediatr Dent 2005;15:190-196.
- Chestnutt IG, Schäfer F, Jacobson AP, Stephen KW. The influence of toothbrushing frequency and post-brushing rinsing on caries experience in a caries clinical trial. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1998;26:406-411.
- al Ghanim NA, Adenubi JO, Wyne AA, Khan NB. Caries prediction model in pre-school children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Int J Paediatr Dent 1998;8:115-122.
- Poulsen S. The child's first dental visit. Int J Paediatr Dent 2003;13:264-265.
- Hashim R, Williams SM, Thomson WM. Diet and caries experience among preschool children in Ajman, United Arab Emirates. Eur J Oral Sci 2009;117:734-740.
- Al-malik MI, Holt RD, Bedi R. The relationship between erosion, caries and rampant caries and dietary habits in pre-school children in Saudi Arabia. Int J Pediatr Dent 2001;11:430-439.
- Woodward M, Walker ARP. Sugar consumption and dental caries: evidence from 90 countries. Br Dent J 1994;176:297-302.
- Ruan JP, Yang ZQ, Wang ZL, Astrøm AN, Bårdsen A, Bjorvatn K. Dental fluorosis and dental caries in permanent teeth: rural schoolchildren in high-fluoride areas in the Shaanxi province, China. Acta Odontol Scand 2005;63:258-265.
- Mackay TD, Thomson WM. Enamel defects and dental caries among Southland children. N Z Dent J 2005;101:35-43.
- Ermiş RB, Koray F, Akdeniz BG. Dental caries and fluorosis in low- and high-fluoride areas in Turkey. Quintessence Int 2003;34:354-360.
- Narbutaité J, Vehkalahti MM, Milciuviené S. Dental fluorosis and dental caries among 12-yr-old children from high- and low-fluoride areas in Lithuania. Eur J Oral Sci 2007;115:137-142.
- Ismail AI, Hasson H. Fluoride supplements, dental caries and fluorosis: a systematic review. J Am Dent Assoc 2008;139:1457-1468.
- Global Goals for the Year 2000 and 2020. Available from: http://www.whocollab.od.mah.se/expl/globgoals20.html#Global%20goals%20for%202000. (access date: 03.01.2015).
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Original Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 9, 2016 |
| Submission Date | July 15, 2015 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2016Volume: 19 Issue: 2 |
Cumhuriyet Dental Journal (Cumhuriyet Dent J, CDJ) is the official publication of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry. CDJ is an international journal dedicated to the latest advancement of dentistry. The aim of this journal is to provide a platform for scientists and academicians all over the world to promote, share, and discuss various new issues and developments in different areas of dentistry. First issue of the Journal of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry was published in 1998. In 2010, journal's name was changed as Cumhuriyet Dental Journal. Journal’s publication language is English.
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