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Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 143 - 149, 20.12.2022

Turgay Altunalan Deniz Demirci Sinem Gül Ahsen Öztel

https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1174653
Cited By: 1

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Abbas, A., Al-Otaibi, T., Gheith, O. A., Nagib, A. M., Farid, M. M., & Walaa, M. (2021). Sleep quality among healthcare workers during the covid-19 pandemic and its impact on medical errors: Kuwait experience. Turkish Thoracic Journal, 22(2), 142–148.
  • Alshekaili, M., Hassan, W., Al-Said, N., Alsulimani, F., Jayapal, S.K., Al-Mawali, A., Chan, M.F., Mahadevan, S., Al-Adawi, S. (2020). Factors Associated with Mental Health Outcomes in Oman During COVID-19: Frontline vs Non-Frontline Healthcare Workers. SSRN Electron. J.
  • Arca, M., Dönmezdil, S., & Durmaz, E. D. (2021). The effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on anxiety, depression, and musculoskeletal system complaints in healthcare workers. Work (Reading, Mass.), 69(1), 47–54.
  • Belastungen, P., & Beschäftigten, V. (2020). Psychosocial burden of healthcare professionals in times of COVID-19 – a survey conducted at the University Hospital Augsburg. German Medical Science. 18, 1–9.
  • Bowey-Morris, J., Davis, S., Purcell-Jones, G., & Watson, P. J. (2011). Beliefs about back pain: Results of a population survey of working age adults. Clinical Journal of Pain, 27(3), 214–224.
  • Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989). Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Research. 1989; 28: 193–213.
  • Caillard, J. F., & Iwatsubo, Y. (2000). Prevention of musculoskeletal disorders among health care workers. Proceedings of the XIVth Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association and 44th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Association, “Ergonomics for the New Millennium,” 1996, 781–784.
  • Campbell, D. A., Sonnad, S. S., Eckhauser, F. E., Campbell, K. K., & Greenfield, L. J. (2001). Burnout among American surgeons. Surgery, 130(4), 696–705.
  • Chen, C. S., Wu, H. Y., Yang, P., & Yen, C. F. (2005). Psychological distress of nurses in Taiwan who worked during the outbreak of SARS. Psychiatric Services, 56(1), 76–79.
  • Dong, H., Zhang, Q., Liu, G., Shao, T., & Xu, Y. (2019). Prevalence and associated factors of musculoskeletal disorders among Chinese healthcare professionals working in tertiary hospitals: A cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 20(1), 1–7.
  • Duruöz, M. T., Ünal, Ç., Ulutatar, F., Sanal Toprak, C., & Gündüz, O. H. (2018). The validity and reliability of Turkish version of the Jenkins sleep evaluation scale in rheumatoid arthritis. Archives of Rheumatology, 33(2), 160–167.
  • Erdoğan Kurtaran, N., Kurtaran, M., Şarlı Gündüz, S., & Öztürk, L. (2022). Healthcare workers’ musculoskeletal disorders, sleep quality, stress, and fatigue during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pamukkale Medical Journal, 11–11.
  • Feng, Q., Liu, S., Yang, L., Xie, M., & Zhang, Q. (2016). The prevalence of and risk factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders among sonographers in central China: A cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE, 11(10), 1–18.
  • Gencay-Can, A., & Can, S. S. (2012). Validation of the Turkish version of the fatigue severity scale in patients with fibromyalgia. Rheumatology International, 32(1), 27–31.
  • Geoffroy, P. A., Le Goanvic, V., Sabbagh, O., Richoux, C., Weinstein, A., Dufayet, G., & Lejoyeux, M. (2020). Psychological Support System for Hospital Workers During the Covid-19 Outbreak: Rapid Design and Implementation of the Covid-Psy Hotline. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11(May), 1–8.
  • Kahraman, T., Genç, A., & Göz, E. (2016). The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire: cross-cultural adaptation into Turkish assessing its psychometric properties. Disability and Rehabilitation, 38(21), 2153–2160.
  • Lai, J., Ma, S., Wang, Y., Cai, Z., Hu, J., Wei, N., Wu, J., Du, H., Chen, T., & Li, R. (2020). Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019. JAMA Network Open. 3(3), 1–12.
  • Li, Q., Guan, X., Wu, P., Wang, X., Zhou, L., Tong, Y., Ren, R., Leung, K. S. M., Lau, E. H. Y., Wong, J. Y., Xing, X., Xiang, N., Wu, Y., Li, C., Chen, Q., Li, D., Liu, T., Zhao, J., Liu, M., Feng, Z. (2020). Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia. New England Journal of Medicine, 382(13), 1199–1207.
  • Liu, Y., Lee, DC., Li, Y., et al. (2019). Associations of resistance exercise with cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. Medicine Science and Sports Exercise;51(3):499-508.
  • Miller, I. F., Becker, A. D., Grenfell, B. T., & Metcalf, C. J. E. (2020). Disease and healthcare burden of COVID-19 in the United States. Nature Medicine, 26(8), 1212–1217.
  • Nickell, L. A., Crighton, E. J., Tracy, C. S., Al-Enazy, H., Bolaji, Y., Hanjrah, S., Hussain, A., Makhlouf, S., & Upshur, R. E. G. (2004). Psychosocial effects of SARS on hospital staff: Survey of a large tertiary care institution. Cmaj, 170(5), 793–798.
  • Oude Hengel, K. M., Visser, B., & Sluiter, J. K. (2011). The prevalence and incidence of musculoskeletal symptoms among hospital physicians: A systematic review. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 84(2), 115–119.
  • Palalı, İ., Gayretli Atan, S., & Arslan M. (2021). COVID-19 Salgınında Sağlık Çalışanlarının Stres Algı Düzeyinin Kas İskelet Sistemi Ağrılarına Etkisi. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tıp Dergisi, 12(43), 106–113.
  • Preti, E., Di Mattei, V., Perego, G., Ferrari, F., Mazzetti, M., Taranto, P., Di Pierro, R., Madeddu, F., & Calati, R. (2020). The Psychological Impact of Epidemic and Pandemic Outbreaks on Healthcare Workers: Rapid Review of the Evidence. Current Psychiatry Reports, 22(8).
  • Qi, J., Xu, J., Li, B. Z., Huang, J. S., Yang, Y., Zhang, Z. T., Yao, D. A., Liu, Q. H., Jia, M., Gong, D. K., Ni, X. H., Zhang, Q. M., Shang, F. R., Xiong, N., Zhu, C. L., Wang, T., & Zhang, X. (2020). The evaluation of sleep disturbances for Chinese frontline medical workers under the outbreak of COVID-19. Sleep Medicine, 72(December 2019), 1–4.
  • Sagayadevan, V., Abdin, E., Binte Shafie, S., Jeyagurunathan, A., Sambasivam, R., Zhang, Y., Picco, L., Vaingankar, J., Chong, S. A., & Subramaniam, M. (2017). Prevalence and correlates of sleep problems among elderly Singaporeans. Psychogeriatrics, 17(1), 43–51.
  • Sertel, M., Erol, H., & Dİkmen, B. (2022). COVID- 19 ile Mücadele Eden Sağlık Çalışanlarında Yorgunluk, Anksiyete, Uyku ve Yaşam Kalite sinin Değerlendirilmesi Evaluation of Fatigue, Anxiety, Sleep and Quality of Life in Healthcare Workers Struggle with COVID-19. Journal of Health Profession Research, 4(2), 79–87.
  • Tan, B. K., Smith, A. J., O’Sullivan, P. B., Chen, G., Burnett, A. F., & Briggs, A. M. (2014). Low back pain beliefs are associated to age, location of work, education and pain-related disability in Chinese healthcare professionals working in China: A cross sectional survey. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 15(1), 1–13.
  • Tengilimoglu, D., Zekioğlu, A., Tosun, N., Işık, O., & Tengilimoğlu, O. (2021). Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic period on depression, anxiety and stress levels of the healthcare employees in Turkey. Legal Medicine, 48(August 2020).
  • The Lancet. (2020). COVID-19: protecting health-care workers. The Lancet, 395(10228), 922.
  • Thichumpa, W., Howteerakul, N., Suwannapong, N., & Tantrakul, V. (2018). Sleep quality and associated factors among the elderly living in rural Chiang Rai, northern Thailand. Epidemiology and Health, 40, e2018018.
  • Wang, S., Xie, L., Xu, Y., Yu, S., Yao, B., & Xiang, D. (2020). Sleep disturbances among medical workers during the outbreak of COVID-2019. May, Occupational Medicine 364–369. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaa074 West, C. P., Shanafelt, T. D., & Kolars, J. C. (2011). Quality of life, burnout, educational debt, and medical knowledge among internal medicine residents. JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association, 306(9), 952–960.
  • Wu, K., & Wei, X. (2020). Analysis of Psychological and Sleep Status and Exercise Rehabilitation of Front-Line Clinical Staff in the Fight Against COVID-19 in China. Medical Science Monitor Basic Research, 26, e924085.
  • Yi J, Hu X, Yan B, Zheng W, Li Y, Zhao Z. (2013) High and specialty-related musculoskeletal disorders afflict dental professionals even since early training years. Journal of Applied Oral Science;21(4):376–82.
  • Zhang SX, Liu J, Afshar Jahanshahi A, et al. (2021) Corrigendum to “At the height of the storm: healthcare staff’s health conditions and job satisfaction and their associated predictors during the epidemic peak of COVID-19”. Brain Behaviour and Immunity;92:245-246.

The Investigation of musculoskeletal disorders, sleep quality, and fatigue of frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 143 - 149, 20.12.2022

Turgay Altunalan Deniz Demirci Sinem Gül Ahsen Öztel

https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1174653
Cited By: 1

Öz

The purpose of the study is to compare musculoskeletal system complaints, fatique, and sleep quality in front-line and second-line healthcare worker trating COVİD-19 patients. 152 healthcare worker between the ages of 18 and 65 who worked in outpatient clinics, services, COVİD-19 units, or administrative management were included in this study. Healthcare worker who had mission in the diagnosis, treatment, and isolation of patients diagnosed with COVİD-19 were determined as front-line workers (26F, 45M) and healthcare worker who didn’t have this kind of mission were defined as second-line workers (40F, 41M). After the collection of the participants “demographic data” the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), the Fatique Severity Scale (FSS), and the Jenkins Sleep Scale (JSS) were used to assess the participant musculoskeletal pain, fatique, and sleep quality, respectively. A significant difference was found in the training time, job experience, and number of weekly shifts of healthcare workers working on the front-line healthcare workers compared to operating the second-line healthcare workers (p≤0.05). Front-line healthcare workers reported more neck and back pain, while second-line healthcare workers reported more lower back pain. It was found that front-line healthcare workers had higher levels of fatique severity (t(150): 4.264, p≤0.001, Cohen’s d:0.69), lower levels of sleep quality (t(150): 4.479, p≤0.001, Cohen’s d:0.72). Shift programs should be arranged to reduce fatique and sleep problems of front-line healthcare workers, and protective neck and back muscles exercise programs should be given for front and second-line healthcare workers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19 Health workers Pain Sleep Fatigue

Kaynakça

  • Abbas, A., Al-Otaibi, T., Gheith, O. A., Nagib, A. M., Farid, M. M., & Walaa, M. (2021). Sleep quality among healthcare workers during the covid-19 pandemic and its impact on medical errors: Kuwait experience. Turkish Thoracic Journal, 22(2), 142–148.
  • Alshekaili, M., Hassan, W., Al-Said, N., Alsulimani, F., Jayapal, S.K., Al-Mawali, A., Chan, M.F., Mahadevan, S., Al-Adawi, S. (2020). Factors Associated with Mental Health Outcomes in Oman During COVID-19: Frontline vs Non-Frontline Healthcare Workers. SSRN Electron. J.
  • Arca, M., Dönmezdil, S., & Durmaz, E. D. (2021). The effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on anxiety, depression, and musculoskeletal system complaints in healthcare workers. Work (Reading, Mass.), 69(1), 47–54.
  • Belastungen, P., & Beschäftigten, V. (2020). Psychosocial burden of healthcare professionals in times of COVID-19 – a survey conducted at the University Hospital Augsburg. German Medical Science. 18, 1–9.
  • Bowey-Morris, J., Davis, S., Purcell-Jones, G., & Watson, P. J. (2011). Beliefs about back pain: Results of a population survey of working age adults. Clinical Journal of Pain, 27(3), 214–224.
  • Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989). Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Research. 1989; 28: 193–213.
  • Caillard, J. F., & Iwatsubo, Y. (2000). Prevention of musculoskeletal disorders among health care workers. Proceedings of the XIVth Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association and 44th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Association, “Ergonomics for the New Millennium,” 1996, 781–784.
  • Campbell, D. A., Sonnad, S. S., Eckhauser, F. E., Campbell, K. K., & Greenfield, L. J. (2001). Burnout among American surgeons. Surgery, 130(4), 696–705.
  • Chen, C. S., Wu, H. Y., Yang, P., & Yen, C. F. (2005). Psychological distress of nurses in Taiwan who worked during the outbreak of SARS. Psychiatric Services, 56(1), 76–79.
  • Dong, H., Zhang, Q., Liu, G., Shao, T., & Xu, Y. (2019). Prevalence and associated factors of musculoskeletal disorders among Chinese healthcare professionals working in tertiary hospitals: A cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 20(1), 1–7.
  • Duruöz, M. T., Ünal, Ç., Ulutatar, F., Sanal Toprak, C., & Gündüz, O. H. (2018). The validity and reliability of Turkish version of the Jenkins sleep evaluation scale in rheumatoid arthritis. Archives of Rheumatology, 33(2), 160–167.
  • Erdoğan Kurtaran, N., Kurtaran, M., Şarlı Gündüz, S., & Öztürk, L. (2022). Healthcare workers’ musculoskeletal disorders, sleep quality, stress, and fatigue during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pamukkale Medical Journal, 11–11.
  • Feng, Q., Liu, S., Yang, L., Xie, M., & Zhang, Q. (2016). The prevalence of and risk factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders among sonographers in central China: A cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE, 11(10), 1–18.
  • Gencay-Can, A., & Can, S. S. (2012). Validation of the Turkish version of the fatigue severity scale in patients with fibromyalgia. Rheumatology International, 32(1), 27–31.
  • Geoffroy, P. A., Le Goanvic, V., Sabbagh, O., Richoux, C., Weinstein, A., Dufayet, G., & Lejoyeux, M. (2020). Psychological Support System for Hospital Workers During the Covid-19 Outbreak: Rapid Design and Implementation of the Covid-Psy Hotline. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11(May), 1–8.
  • Kahraman, T., Genç, A., & Göz, E. (2016). The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire: cross-cultural adaptation into Turkish assessing its psychometric properties. Disability and Rehabilitation, 38(21), 2153–2160.
  • Lai, J., Ma, S., Wang, Y., Cai, Z., Hu, J., Wei, N., Wu, J., Du, H., Chen, T., & Li, R. (2020). Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019. JAMA Network Open. 3(3), 1–12.
  • Li, Q., Guan, X., Wu, P., Wang, X., Zhou, L., Tong, Y., Ren, R., Leung, K. S. M., Lau, E. H. Y., Wong, J. Y., Xing, X., Xiang, N., Wu, Y., Li, C., Chen, Q., Li, D., Liu, T., Zhao, J., Liu, M., Feng, Z. (2020). Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia. New England Journal of Medicine, 382(13), 1199–1207.
  • Liu, Y., Lee, DC., Li, Y., et al. (2019). Associations of resistance exercise with cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. Medicine Science and Sports Exercise;51(3):499-508.
  • Miller, I. F., Becker, A. D., Grenfell, B. T., & Metcalf, C. J. E. (2020). Disease and healthcare burden of COVID-19 in the United States. Nature Medicine, 26(8), 1212–1217.
  • Nickell, L. A., Crighton, E. J., Tracy, C. S., Al-Enazy, H., Bolaji, Y., Hanjrah, S., Hussain, A., Makhlouf, S., & Upshur, R. E. G. (2004). Psychosocial effects of SARS on hospital staff: Survey of a large tertiary care institution. Cmaj, 170(5), 793–798.
  • Oude Hengel, K. M., Visser, B., & Sluiter, J. K. (2011). The prevalence and incidence of musculoskeletal symptoms among hospital physicians: A systematic review. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 84(2), 115–119.
  • Palalı, İ., Gayretli Atan, S., & Arslan M. (2021). COVID-19 Salgınında Sağlık Çalışanlarının Stres Algı Düzeyinin Kas İskelet Sistemi Ağrılarına Etkisi. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tıp Dergisi, 12(43), 106–113.
  • Preti, E., Di Mattei, V., Perego, G., Ferrari, F., Mazzetti, M., Taranto, P., Di Pierro, R., Madeddu, F., & Calati, R. (2020). The Psychological Impact of Epidemic and Pandemic Outbreaks on Healthcare Workers: Rapid Review of the Evidence. Current Psychiatry Reports, 22(8).
  • Qi, J., Xu, J., Li, B. Z., Huang, J. S., Yang, Y., Zhang, Z. T., Yao, D. A., Liu, Q. H., Jia, M., Gong, D. K., Ni, X. H., Zhang, Q. M., Shang, F. R., Xiong, N., Zhu, C. L., Wang, T., & Zhang, X. (2020). The evaluation of sleep disturbances for Chinese frontline medical workers under the outbreak of COVID-19. Sleep Medicine, 72(December 2019), 1–4.
  • Sagayadevan, V., Abdin, E., Binte Shafie, S., Jeyagurunathan, A., Sambasivam, R., Zhang, Y., Picco, L., Vaingankar, J., Chong, S. A., & Subramaniam, M. (2017). Prevalence and correlates of sleep problems among elderly Singaporeans. Psychogeriatrics, 17(1), 43–51.
  • Sertel, M., Erol, H., & Dİkmen, B. (2022). COVID- 19 ile Mücadele Eden Sağlık Çalışanlarında Yorgunluk, Anksiyete, Uyku ve Yaşam Kalite sinin Değerlendirilmesi Evaluation of Fatigue, Anxiety, Sleep and Quality of Life in Healthcare Workers Struggle with COVID-19. Journal of Health Profession Research, 4(2), 79–87.
  • Tan, B. K., Smith, A. J., O’Sullivan, P. B., Chen, G., Burnett, A. F., & Briggs, A. M. (2014). Low back pain beliefs are associated to age, location of work, education and pain-related disability in Chinese healthcare professionals working in China: A cross sectional survey. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 15(1), 1–13.
  • Tengilimoglu, D., Zekioğlu, A., Tosun, N., Işık, O., & Tengilimoğlu, O. (2021). Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic period on depression, anxiety and stress levels of the healthcare employees in Turkey. Legal Medicine, 48(August 2020).
  • The Lancet. (2020). COVID-19: protecting health-care workers. The Lancet, 395(10228), 922.
  • Thichumpa, W., Howteerakul, N., Suwannapong, N., & Tantrakul, V. (2018). Sleep quality and associated factors among the elderly living in rural Chiang Rai, northern Thailand. Epidemiology and Health, 40, e2018018.
  • Wang, S., Xie, L., Xu, Y., Yu, S., Yao, B., & Xiang, D. (2020). Sleep disturbances among medical workers during the outbreak of COVID-2019. May, Occupational Medicine 364–369. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaa074 West, C. P., Shanafelt, T. D., & Kolars, J. C. (2011). Quality of life, burnout, educational debt, and medical knowledge among internal medicine residents. JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association, 306(9), 952–960.
  • Wu, K., & Wei, X. (2020). Analysis of Psychological and Sleep Status and Exercise Rehabilitation of Front-Line Clinical Staff in the Fight Against COVID-19 in China. Medical Science Monitor Basic Research, 26, e924085.
  • Yi J, Hu X, Yan B, Zheng W, Li Y, Zhao Z. (2013) High and specialty-related musculoskeletal disorders afflict dental professionals even since early training years. Journal of Applied Oral Science;21(4):376–82.
  • Zhang SX, Liu J, Afshar Jahanshahi A, et al. (2021) Corrigendum to “At the height of the storm: healthcare staff’s health conditions and job satisfaction and their associated predictors during the epidemic peak of COVID-19”. Brain Behaviour and Immunity;92:245-246.
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Spor Hekimliği
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Turgay Altunalan 0000-0002-6970-0959

Deniz Demirci 0000-0003-4672-2378

Sinem Gül 0000-0002-9349-9220

Ahsen Öztel 0000-0002-6681-7246

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 21 Eylül 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Aralık 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Altunalan, T., Demirci, D., Gül, S., Öztel, A. (2022). The Investigation of musculoskeletal disorders, sleep quality, and fatigue of frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences, 5(2), 143-149. https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1174653
AMA Altunalan T, Demirci D, Gül S, Öztel A. The Investigation of musculoskeletal disorders, sleep quality, and fatigue of frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences. Aralık 2022;5(2):143-149. doi:10.33438/ijdshs.1174653
Chicago Altunalan, Turgay, Deniz Demirci, Sinem Gül, ve Ahsen Öztel. “The Investigation of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Sleep Quality, and Fatigue of Frontline Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19”. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences 5, sy. 2 (Aralık 2022): 143-49. https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1174653.
EndNote Altunalan T, Demirci D, Gül S, Öztel A (01 Aralık 2022) The Investigation of musculoskeletal disorders, sleep quality, and fatigue of frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences 5 2 143–149.
IEEE T. Altunalan, D. Demirci, S. Gül, ve A. Öztel, “The Investigation of musculoskeletal disorders, sleep quality, and fatigue of frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19”, International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences, c. 5, sy. 2, ss. 143–149, 2022, doi: 10.33438/ijdshs.1174653.
ISNAD Altunalan, Turgay vd. “The Investigation of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Sleep Quality, and Fatigue of Frontline Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19”. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences 5/2 (Aralık 2022), 143-149. https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1174653.
JAMA Altunalan T, Demirci D, Gül S, Öztel A. The Investigation of musculoskeletal disorders, sleep quality, and fatigue of frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences. 2022;5:143–149.
MLA Altunalan, Turgay vd. “The Investigation of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Sleep Quality, and Fatigue of Frontline Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19”. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences, c. 5, sy. 2, 2022, ss. 143-9, doi:10.33438/ijdshs.1174653.
Vancouver Altunalan T, Demirci D, Gül S, Öztel A. The Investigation of musculoskeletal disorders, sleep quality, and fatigue of frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences. 2022;5(2):143-9.

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