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The Implication of Virtual Reality Haptic Simulators on Cavity Preparation Proficiency in Dental Preclinical Education: A Systematic Review

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 50 Sayı: 3, 143 - 150, 31.12.2023

Aysenur Oncu Berkan Celikten Emine Odabaşı Tezer Meltem Öztan

https://doi.org/10.52037/eads.2023.0028

Öz

Purpose:
Preclinical education is an essential part of the dentistry curriculum. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the contribution of the virtual reality haptic simulator to the improvement of cavity preparation skills in preclinical education.
Materials and Methods:
In this study, the effect of virtual reality was evaluated on the improvement of cavity preparation skills of preclinical students. Three separate databases were searched, and Endnote 20 software was used to duplicate, track, and manage the selection process.
Results:
After removing duplicate records, a total of 622 articles were initially retrieved in this study. All records were scanned, and 98 articles were evaluated for eligibility. Articles that did not meet the eligibility criteria of our study were excluded. 24 full-text articles were approved for review.
Conclusion:
Including virtual reality, haptic simulators in the curriculum can be a beneficial tool for students' manual dexterity and improvement of clinical practice.

Anahtar Kelimeler

dental education haptic simulator manual dexterity preclinical training virtual reality

Kaynakça

  • Al-Saud LM, Mushtaq F, Allsop MJ, Culmer PC, Mirghani I, Yates E, et.al. Feedback and motor skill acquisition using a haptic dental simulator. Eur J Dent Educ. 2017;21(4):240-247. doi: 10.1111/eje.12214.
  • González Bravo L, Fernández Sagredo M, Torres Martínez P, Barrios Penna C, Fonseca Molina J, Stanciu ID et.al. Psychometric analysis of a measure of acceptance of new technologies (UTAUT), applied to the use of haptic virtual simulators in dental students. Eur J Dent Educ. 2020;24(4):706-714. doi: 10.1111/eje.12559.
  • Al-Saud LM. The utility of haptic simulation in early restorative dental training: A scoping review. J Dent Educ. 2021;85(5):704-721. doi: 10.1002/jdd.12518.
  • Park JC, Kwon HJE, Chung CW. Innovative digital tools for new trends in teaching and assessment methods in medical and dental education. J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2021;18. doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2021.18.13
  • Lin Y, Wang X, Wu F, Chen X, Wang C, Shen G. Development and validation of a surgical training simulator with haptic feedback for learning bone-sawing skill. J Biomed Inform. 2014;48:122-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jbi.2013.12.010.
  • Escobar-Castillejos D, Noguez J, Neri L, Magana A, Benes B. A Review of Simulators with Haptic Devices for Medical Training. J Med Syst. 2016;40(4):104. doi: 10.1007/s10916-016-0459-8.
  • Wu W, Cen Y, Hong Y, Keeling A, Khambay B. A pilot study to assess the feasibility and accuracy of using haptic technology to occlude digital dental models. J Dent. 2016;46:54-60. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2016.01.004.
  • Suebnukarn S, Haddawy P, Rhienmora P, Gajananan K. Haptic virtual reality for skill acquisition in endodontics. J Endod. 2010 Jan;36(1):53-5. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2009.09.020.
  • Gal GB, Weiss EI, Gafni N, Ziv A. Preliminary assessment of faculty and student perception of a haptic virtual reality simulator for training dental manual dexterity. J Dent Educ. 2011;75(4):496-504.
  • Urbankova A, Eber M, Engebretson SP. A complex haptic exercise to predict preclinical operative dentistry performance: a retrospective study. J Dent Educ. 2013;77(11):1443-50.
  • Gottlieb R, Lanning SK, Gunsolley JC, Buchanan JA. Faculty impressions of dental students' performance with and without virtual reality simulation. J Dent Educ. 2011;75(11):1443-51.
  • Suebnukarn S, Hataidechadusadee R, Suwannasri N, Suprasert N, Rhienmora P, Haddawy P. Access cavity preparation training using haptic virtual reality and microcomputed tomography tooth models. Int Endod J. 2011;44(11):983-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01899.x.
  • Urbankova A, Engebretson SP. The use of haptics to predict preclinic operative dentistry performance and perceptual ability. J Dent Educ. 2011;75(12):1548-57.
  • Yamaguchi S, Yoshida Y, Noborio H, Murakami S, Imazato S. The usefulness of a haptic virtual reality simulator with repetitive training to teach caries removal and periodontal pocket probing skills. Dent Mater J. 2013;32(5):847-52. doi: 10.4012/dmj.2013-174.
  • Koo S, Kim A, Donoff RB, Karimbux NY. An initial assessment of haptics in preclinical operative dentistry training. J Investig Clin Dent. 2015;6(1):69-76. doi: 10.1111/jicd.12065.
  • Bakker DR, Deng DM, Wesselink PR, Vervoorn JM. Effect of students' determination of testing time on their test performance. Eur J Dent Educ. 2017;21(3):137-141. doi: 10.1111/eje.12192.
  • Mirghani I, Mushtaq F, Allsop MJ, Al-Saud LM, Tickhill N, Potter C et.al. Capturing differences in dental training using a virtual reality simulator. Eur J Dent Educ. 2018;22(1):67-71. doi: 10.1111/eje.12245.
  • de Boer IR, Lagerweij MD, de Vries MW, Wesselink PR, Vervoorn JM. The Effect of Force Feedback in a Virtual Learning Environment on the Performance and Satisfaction of Dental Students. Simul Healthc. 2017;12(2):83-90. doi: 10.1097/SIH.0000000000000208.
  • Llena C, Folguera S, Forner L, Rodríguez-Lozano FJ. Implementation of augmented reality in operative dentistry learning. Eur J Dent Educ. 2018;22(1):e122-e130. doi: 10.1111/eje.12269.
  • Shahriari-Rad A, Cox M, Woolford M. Clinical skills acquisition: rethinking assessment using a virtual haptic simulator. Technol Knowl Learn. 2017; 22: 185-197. doi: 10.1007/s10758-017-9308-1
  • Dwisaptarini AP, Suebnukarn S, Rhienmora P, Haddawy P, Koontongkaew S. Effectiveness of the Multilayered Caries Model and Visuo-tactile Virtual Reality Simulator for Minimally Invasive Caries Removal: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Oper Dent. 2018;43(3):E110-E118. doi: 10.2341/17-083-C.
  • Ria S, Cox MJ, Quinn BF, San Diego JP, Bakir A, Woolford MJ. A Scoring System for Assessing Learning Progression of Dental Students' Clinical Skills Using Haptic Virtual Workstations. J Dent Educ. 2018;82(3):277-285. doi: 10.21815/JDE.018.028.
  • de Boer IR, Lagerweij MD, Wesselink PR, Vervoorn JM. The Effect of Variations in Force Feedback in a Virtual Reality Environment on the Performance and Satisfaction of Dental Students. Simul Healthc. 2019;14(3):169-174. doi: 10.1097/SIH.0000000000000370.
  • Aliaga I, Pedrera-Canal M, Vera V, Rico Martín S, Garcia Barbero E, Leal-Hernández O et.al. Preclinical assessment methodology using a dental simulator during dental students' first and third years. J Oral Sci. 2020;62(1):119-121. doi: 10.2334/josnusd.18-0424.
  • Murbay S, Neelakantan P, Chang JWW, Yeung S. 'Evaluation of the introduction of a dental virtual simulator on the performance of undergraduate dental students in the pre-clinical operative dentistry course'. Eur J Dent Educ. 2020;24(1):5-16. doi: 10.1111/eje.
  • Vincent M, Joseph D, Amory C, Paoli N, Ambrosini P, Mortier É et.al. Contribution of Haptic Simulation to Analogic Training Environment in Restorative Dentistry. J Dent Educ. 2020;84(3):367-376. doi: 10.21815/JDE.019.187.
  • Zafar S, Lai Y, Sexton C, Siddiqi A. Virtual Reality as a novel educational tool in pre-clinical paediatric dentistry training: Students' perceptions. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2020;30(6):791-797. doi: 10.1111/ipd.12648.
  • Farag A, Hashem D. Impact of the Haptic Virtual Reality Simulator on Dental Students' Psychomotor Skills in Preclinical Operative Dentistry. Clin Pract. 2021; 28:12(1):17-26. doi: 10.3390/clinpract12010003.
  • Ziane-Casenave S, Mauroux M, Devillard R, Kérourédan O. Influence of practical and clinical experience on dexterity performance measured using haptic virtual reality simulator. Eur J Dent Educ. 2022;26(4):838-848. doi: 10.1111/eje.12767.
  • Rodrigues P, Esteves A, Botelho J, Machado V, Zagalo C, Zorzal ER et.al. Usability, acceptance, and educational usefulness study of a new haptic operative dentistry virtual reality simulator. Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 2022;221:106831. doi: /10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.106831
  • Perry S, Burrow MF, Leung WK, Bridges SM. Simulation and curriculum design: a global survey in dental education. Aust Dent J. 2017;62(4):453-463. doi: 10.1111/adj.12522.
  • Al-Saud LM, Mushtaq F, Mann RP, Mirghani I, Balkhoyor A, Harris R et.al. Early assessment with a virtual reality haptic simulator predicts performance in clinical practice. BMJ Simul Technol Enhanc Learn. 2020; 3;6(5):274-278. doi: 10.1136/bmjstel-2018-000420.
  • Abich J, Parker J, Murphy J.S, Eudy M. A review of the evidence for training effectiveness with virtual reality technology. Virtual Reality. 2021; 25(4) 919-933. doi.org/10.1007/s10055-020-00498-8
  • McAlpin E, Levine M, Plass J.L. Comparing two whole task patient simulations for two different dental education topics. Learn Instr. 2022; 101690. doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2022.101690
  • Dutã M, Amariei CI, Bogdan CM, Popovici DM, Ionescu N, Nuca CI. An overview of virtual and augmented reality in dental education. Oral Health Dent Manag. 2011; 10, 42-9.
  • Roy E, Bakr MM, George R. The need for virtual reality simulators in dental education: A review. Saudi Dent J. 2017;29(2):41-47. doi: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2017.02.001.
  • Chen ML, Su ZY, Wu TY, Shieh TY, Chiang CH. Influence of dentistry students' e-Learning satisfaction: a questionnaire survey. J Med Syst. 2011;35(6):1595-603. doi: 10.1007/s10916-010-9435-x.
  • Ben-Gal G, Weiss EI, Gafni N, Ziv A. Testing manual dexterity using a virtual reality simulator: reliability and validity. Eur J Dent Educ. 2013;17(3):138-42. doi: 10.1111/eje.12023.
  • Bayne SC. Correlation of clinical performance with 'in vitro tests' of restorative dental materials that use polymer-based matrices. Dent Mater. 2012 Jan;28(1):52-71. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2011.08.594.
  • Nassar HM, Tekian A. Computer simulation and virtual reality in undergraduate operative and restorative dental education: A critical review. J Dent Educ. 2020 Jul;84(7):812-829. doi: 10.1002/jdd.12138.
  • McComb D. Systematic review of conservative operative caries management strategies. J Dent Educ. 2001 Oct;65(10):1154-61.
  • Imran E, Adanir N, Khurshid Z. Significance of haptic and virtual reality simulation (vrs) in the dental education: a review of literature. Applied Sciences. 2021;11.21:10196. doi:10.3390/app112110196
  • Coro-Montanet G, Pardo Monedero MJ, Sánchez Ituarte J, de la Hoz Calvo A. Train strategies for haptic and 3d simulators to ımprove the learning process in dentistry students. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 30:19(7):4081. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19074081.
  • Li Y, Ye H, Ye F, Liu Y, Lv L, Zhang P et.al. The current situation and future prospects of simulators in dental education. J Med Internet Res. 2021;8;23(4):e23635. doi: 10.2196/23635.
  • Soltanimehr E, Bahrampour E, Imani MM, Rahimi F, Almasi B, Moattari M. Effect of virtual versus traditional education on theoretical knowledge and reporting skills of dental students in radiographic interpretation of bony lesions of the jaw. BMC Med Educ. 2019; 25;19(1):233. doi: 10.1186/s12909-019-1649-0.
  • Zafar S, Siddiqi A, Yasir M, Zachar JJ. Pedagogical development in local anaesthetic training in paediatric dentistry using virtual reality simulator. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2021 Aug;22(4):667-674. doi: 10.1007/s40368-021-00604-7.
  • Rhienmora P, Haddawy P, Khanal P, Suebnukarn S, Dailey MN. A virtual reality simulator for teaching and evaluating dental procedures. Methods Inf Med. 2010;49(4):396-405. doi: 10.3414/ME9310.

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 50 Sayı: 3, 143 - 150, 31.12.2023

Aysenur Oncu Berkan Celikten Emine Odabaşı Tezer Meltem Öztan

https://doi.org/10.52037/eads.2023.0028

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Al-Saud LM, Mushtaq F, Allsop MJ, Culmer PC, Mirghani I, Yates E, et.al. Feedback and motor skill acquisition using a haptic dental simulator. Eur J Dent Educ. 2017;21(4):240-247. doi: 10.1111/eje.12214.
  • González Bravo L, Fernández Sagredo M, Torres Martínez P, Barrios Penna C, Fonseca Molina J, Stanciu ID et.al. Psychometric analysis of a measure of acceptance of new technologies (UTAUT), applied to the use of haptic virtual simulators in dental students. Eur J Dent Educ. 2020;24(4):706-714. doi: 10.1111/eje.12559.
  • Al-Saud LM. The utility of haptic simulation in early restorative dental training: A scoping review. J Dent Educ. 2021;85(5):704-721. doi: 10.1002/jdd.12518.
  • Park JC, Kwon HJE, Chung CW. Innovative digital tools for new trends in teaching and assessment methods in medical and dental education. J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2021;18. doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2021.18.13
  • Lin Y, Wang X, Wu F, Chen X, Wang C, Shen G. Development and validation of a surgical training simulator with haptic feedback for learning bone-sawing skill. J Biomed Inform. 2014;48:122-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jbi.2013.12.010.
  • Escobar-Castillejos D, Noguez J, Neri L, Magana A, Benes B. A Review of Simulators with Haptic Devices for Medical Training. J Med Syst. 2016;40(4):104. doi: 10.1007/s10916-016-0459-8.
  • Wu W, Cen Y, Hong Y, Keeling A, Khambay B. A pilot study to assess the feasibility and accuracy of using haptic technology to occlude digital dental models. J Dent. 2016;46:54-60. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2016.01.004.
  • Suebnukarn S, Haddawy P, Rhienmora P, Gajananan K. Haptic virtual reality for skill acquisition in endodontics. J Endod. 2010 Jan;36(1):53-5. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2009.09.020.
  • Gal GB, Weiss EI, Gafni N, Ziv A. Preliminary assessment of faculty and student perception of a haptic virtual reality simulator for training dental manual dexterity. J Dent Educ. 2011;75(4):496-504.
  • Urbankova A, Eber M, Engebretson SP. A complex haptic exercise to predict preclinical operative dentistry performance: a retrospective study. J Dent Educ. 2013;77(11):1443-50.
  • Gottlieb R, Lanning SK, Gunsolley JC, Buchanan JA. Faculty impressions of dental students' performance with and without virtual reality simulation. J Dent Educ. 2011;75(11):1443-51.
  • Suebnukarn S, Hataidechadusadee R, Suwannasri N, Suprasert N, Rhienmora P, Haddawy P. Access cavity preparation training using haptic virtual reality and microcomputed tomography tooth models. Int Endod J. 2011;44(11):983-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01899.x.
  • Urbankova A, Engebretson SP. The use of haptics to predict preclinic operative dentistry performance and perceptual ability. J Dent Educ. 2011;75(12):1548-57.
  • Yamaguchi S, Yoshida Y, Noborio H, Murakami S, Imazato S. The usefulness of a haptic virtual reality simulator with repetitive training to teach caries removal and periodontal pocket probing skills. Dent Mater J. 2013;32(5):847-52. doi: 10.4012/dmj.2013-174.
  • Koo S, Kim A, Donoff RB, Karimbux NY. An initial assessment of haptics in preclinical operative dentistry training. J Investig Clin Dent. 2015;6(1):69-76. doi: 10.1111/jicd.12065.
  • Bakker DR, Deng DM, Wesselink PR, Vervoorn JM. Effect of students' determination of testing time on their test performance. Eur J Dent Educ. 2017;21(3):137-141. doi: 10.1111/eje.12192.
  • Mirghani I, Mushtaq F, Allsop MJ, Al-Saud LM, Tickhill N, Potter C et.al. Capturing differences in dental training using a virtual reality simulator. Eur J Dent Educ. 2018;22(1):67-71. doi: 10.1111/eje.12245.
  • de Boer IR, Lagerweij MD, de Vries MW, Wesselink PR, Vervoorn JM. The Effect of Force Feedback in a Virtual Learning Environment on the Performance and Satisfaction of Dental Students. Simul Healthc. 2017;12(2):83-90. doi: 10.1097/SIH.0000000000000208.
  • Llena C, Folguera S, Forner L, Rodríguez-Lozano FJ. Implementation of augmented reality in operative dentistry learning. Eur J Dent Educ. 2018;22(1):e122-e130. doi: 10.1111/eje.12269.
  • Shahriari-Rad A, Cox M, Woolford M. Clinical skills acquisition: rethinking assessment using a virtual haptic simulator. Technol Knowl Learn. 2017; 22: 185-197. doi: 10.1007/s10758-017-9308-1
  • Dwisaptarini AP, Suebnukarn S, Rhienmora P, Haddawy P, Koontongkaew S. Effectiveness of the Multilayered Caries Model and Visuo-tactile Virtual Reality Simulator for Minimally Invasive Caries Removal: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Oper Dent. 2018;43(3):E110-E118. doi: 10.2341/17-083-C.
  • Ria S, Cox MJ, Quinn BF, San Diego JP, Bakir A, Woolford MJ. A Scoring System for Assessing Learning Progression of Dental Students' Clinical Skills Using Haptic Virtual Workstations. J Dent Educ. 2018;82(3):277-285. doi: 10.21815/JDE.018.028.
  • de Boer IR, Lagerweij MD, Wesselink PR, Vervoorn JM. The Effect of Variations in Force Feedback in a Virtual Reality Environment on the Performance and Satisfaction of Dental Students. Simul Healthc. 2019;14(3):169-174. doi: 10.1097/SIH.0000000000000370.
  • Aliaga I, Pedrera-Canal M, Vera V, Rico Martín S, Garcia Barbero E, Leal-Hernández O et.al. Preclinical assessment methodology using a dental simulator during dental students' first and third years. J Oral Sci. 2020;62(1):119-121. doi: 10.2334/josnusd.18-0424.
  • Murbay S, Neelakantan P, Chang JWW, Yeung S. 'Evaluation of the introduction of a dental virtual simulator on the performance of undergraduate dental students in the pre-clinical operative dentistry course'. Eur J Dent Educ. 2020;24(1):5-16. doi: 10.1111/eje.
  • Vincent M, Joseph D, Amory C, Paoli N, Ambrosini P, Mortier É et.al. Contribution of Haptic Simulation to Analogic Training Environment in Restorative Dentistry. J Dent Educ. 2020;84(3):367-376. doi: 10.21815/JDE.019.187.
  • Zafar S, Lai Y, Sexton C, Siddiqi A. Virtual Reality as a novel educational tool in pre-clinical paediatric dentistry training: Students' perceptions. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2020;30(6):791-797. doi: 10.1111/ipd.12648.
  • Farag A, Hashem D. Impact of the Haptic Virtual Reality Simulator on Dental Students' Psychomotor Skills in Preclinical Operative Dentistry. Clin Pract. 2021; 28:12(1):17-26. doi: 10.3390/clinpract12010003.
  • Ziane-Casenave S, Mauroux M, Devillard R, Kérourédan O. Influence of practical and clinical experience on dexterity performance measured using haptic virtual reality simulator. Eur J Dent Educ. 2022;26(4):838-848. doi: 10.1111/eje.12767.
  • Rodrigues P, Esteves A, Botelho J, Machado V, Zagalo C, Zorzal ER et.al. Usability, acceptance, and educational usefulness study of a new haptic operative dentistry virtual reality simulator. Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 2022;221:106831. doi: /10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.106831
  • Perry S, Burrow MF, Leung WK, Bridges SM. Simulation and curriculum design: a global survey in dental education. Aust Dent J. 2017;62(4):453-463. doi: 10.1111/adj.12522.
  • Al-Saud LM, Mushtaq F, Mann RP, Mirghani I, Balkhoyor A, Harris R et.al. Early assessment with a virtual reality haptic simulator predicts performance in clinical practice. BMJ Simul Technol Enhanc Learn. 2020; 3;6(5):274-278. doi: 10.1136/bmjstel-2018-000420.
  • Abich J, Parker J, Murphy J.S, Eudy M. A review of the evidence for training effectiveness with virtual reality technology. Virtual Reality. 2021; 25(4) 919-933. doi.org/10.1007/s10055-020-00498-8
  • McAlpin E, Levine M, Plass J.L. Comparing two whole task patient simulations for two different dental education topics. Learn Instr. 2022; 101690. doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2022.101690
  • Dutã M, Amariei CI, Bogdan CM, Popovici DM, Ionescu N, Nuca CI. An overview of virtual and augmented reality in dental education. Oral Health Dent Manag. 2011; 10, 42-9.
  • Roy E, Bakr MM, George R. The need for virtual reality simulators in dental education: A review. Saudi Dent J. 2017;29(2):41-47. doi: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2017.02.001.
  • Chen ML, Su ZY, Wu TY, Shieh TY, Chiang CH. Influence of dentistry students' e-Learning satisfaction: a questionnaire survey. J Med Syst. 2011;35(6):1595-603. doi: 10.1007/s10916-010-9435-x.
  • Ben-Gal G, Weiss EI, Gafni N, Ziv A. Testing manual dexterity using a virtual reality simulator: reliability and validity. Eur J Dent Educ. 2013;17(3):138-42. doi: 10.1111/eje.12023.
  • Bayne SC. Correlation of clinical performance with 'in vitro tests' of restorative dental materials that use polymer-based matrices. Dent Mater. 2012 Jan;28(1):52-71. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2011.08.594.
  • Nassar HM, Tekian A. Computer simulation and virtual reality in undergraduate operative and restorative dental education: A critical review. J Dent Educ. 2020 Jul;84(7):812-829. doi: 10.1002/jdd.12138.
  • McComb D. Systematic review of conservative operative caries management strategies. J Dent Educ. 2001 Oct;65(10):1154-61.
  • Imran E, Adanir N, Khurshid Z. Significance of haptic and virtual reality simulation (vrs) in the dental education: a review of literature. Applied Sciences. 2021;11.21:10196. doi:10.3390/app112110196
  • Coro-Montanet G, Pardo Monedero MJ, Sánchez Ituarte J, de la Hoz Calvo A. Train strategies for haptic and 3d simulators to ımprove the learning process in dentistry students. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 30:19(7):4081. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19074081.
  • Li Y, Ye H, Ye F, Liu Y, Lv L, Zhang P et.al. The current situation and future prospects of simulators in dental education. J Med Internet Res. 2021;8;23(4):e23635. doi: 10.2196/23635.
  • Soltanimehr E, Bahrampour E, Imani MM, Rahimi F, Almasi B, Moattari M. Effect of virtual versus traditional education on theoretical knowledge and reporting skills of dental students in radiographic interpretation of bony lesions of the jaw. BMC Med Educ. 2019; 25;19(1):233. doi: 10.1186/s12909-019-1649-0.
  • Zafar S, Siddiqi A, Yasir M, Zachar JJ. Pedagogical development in local anaesthetic training in paediatric dentistry using virtual reality simulator. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2021 Aug;22(4):667-674. doi: 10.1007/s40368-021-00604-7.
  • Rhienmora P, Haddawy P, Khanal P, Suebnukarn S, Dailey MN. A virtual reality simulator for teaching and evaluating dental procedures. Methods Inf Med. 2010;49(4):396-405. doi: 10.3414/ME9310.
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Diş Hekimliği
Bölüm Review Articles
Yazarlar

Aysenur Oncu 0000-0002-3130-0669

Berkan Celikten 0000-0001-5645-5029

Emine Odabaşı Tezer 0000-0003-3669-5062

Meltem Öztan 0000-0002-1693-0355

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 31 Aralık 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 29 Ocak 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 50 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Oncu A, Celikten B, Odabaşı Tezer E, Öztan M. The Implication of Virtual Reality Haptic Simulators on Cavity Preparation Proficiency in Dental Preclinical Education: A Systematic Review. EADS. 2023;50(3):143-50.
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