Effect of Self-Cured and Self-Etch Adhesive Systems on Shear Bond Strength After Photodynamic Therapy and Disinfection with Different Types of Lasers

Ayşe Çeşme; İhsan Hubbezoğlu

doi:10.7126/cumudj.1299029

Araştırma Makalesi

Effect of Self-Cured and Self-Etch Adhesive Systems on Shear Bond Strength After Photodynamic Therapy and Disinfection with Different Types of Lasers

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 2, 164 - 172, 23.06.2023

Ayşe Çeşme İhsan Hubbezoğlu

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.1299029

Öz

Effect of Self-Cured and Self-Etch Adhesive System on Shear Bond Strength After Photodynamic Therapy and Disinfection with Different Types of Lasers

Ayşe Çeşme1-a*, Ihsan Hubbezoğlu1-b
1 Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry Sivas, Türkiye.

ABSTRACT
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the strength of shear bonding of self-cured and self-etch adhesive systems to dentin after surface disinfection with Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), Er:YAG, Nd:YAG, and KTP laser.
Materials and Methods: In the study, 6 main-groups were formed as Control, Er:YAG Laser, Nd: YAG Laser, KTP Laser, KTP Laser activated PDT and Diode Laser activated PDT. Each group was divided into two subgroups; Self-cured (Tokuyama Universal) and self-etch (Scotchbond Universal) adhesive system(n=10). 120 molar teeth were prepared to expose dentin surfaces. After disinfection and adhesive application, nanohybrid composite resin with a diameter of 3 mm and a height of 2 mm was applied to the dentin surface with the help of transparent molds. All samples were thermally cycled 5.000 times at 5°C and 55°C. Shear bond strength (SBS) test was applied to the samples in a universal test device.
Results: The differences between the Er:YAG laser group and the control, KTP and Nd:YAG laser groups of the self-cured adhesive samples were statistically significant. While the differences between the Nd:YAG laser group and the PDT groups were statistically significant (p<0.05), the differences between all other groups were no significant. In the samples applied with self-etch adhesive, while the differences between the KTP and Nd:YAG laser groups and all other groups were statistically significant(p<0.05), the difference between them was not statistically significant. (p>0.05). Self-etch adhesive applied samples showed higher bond strength values in all disinfection applications.
Conclusions: Er:YAG laser and PDT for surface disinfection applications increased the bond strength to dentin while Er:YAG laser showed the highest shear bond strenght value. The application of Nd:YAG and KTP lasers adversely affected the bond strength. In cases of using surface disinfection applications with laser for self-curing adhesive systems the Er:YAG laser or laser-activated PDT procedures are recommended.

Keywords: photodynamic therapy, self-cured adhesive, laser disinfection, bond strength

Anahtar Kelimeler

photodynamic therapy, self-cured adhesive, laser disinfection, bond strength

Destekleyen Kurum

CUBAP

Proje Numarası

DIS-290

Teşekkür

This study was supported by the Sivas Cumhuriyet University Scientific Research Projects with the project code of DIS-290.

Kaynakça

1. Bin-Shuwaish MS. Effects and Effectiveness of Cavity Disinfectants in Operative Dentistry: A Literature Review. The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice. 2016;17(10):867-879.
2. Aktas A, Giray B. Chlorhexidine Rinse in Dentistry: Characteristics and Actual Usage. Türkiye Klinikleri Dişhekimliği Bilimleri Dergisi. 2010;16(1):51.
3. Arslan S, Yazici AR, Görücü J, Pala K, Antonson DE, Antonson SA. Comparison of the effects of Er,Cr:YSGG laser and different cavity disinfection agents on microleakage of current adhesives. Lasers in Medical Science. 2012;27(4):805-811.
4. Türkün M, Türkün LS, Celik EU, Ateş M. Bactericidal effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser on Streptococcus mutans. Dental Materials Journal. 2006;25(1):81-86.
5. Lee BS, Lin PY, Chen MH, Hsieh TT, Lin CP, Lai JY. Tensile bond strength of Er,Cr:YSGG laser-irradiated human dentin and analysis of dentin-resin interface. Dental materials: official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials. 2007;23(5):570-578.
6. Uysal D, Güler Ç. Laser in Dentistry: A literature Review. Journal of Atatürk University Faculty of Dentistry.2012;6:44-53.
7. Van Meerbeek B, Van Landuyt K, De Munck J, Hashimoto M, Peumans M, Lambrechts P. Technique-sensitivity of contemporary adhesives. Dental Materials Journal. 2005;24(1):1-13.
8. Lan WH, Liu HC. Treatment of dentin hypersensitivity by Nd:YAG laser. Journal of Clinical Laser Medicine and Surgery. 1996;14(2):89-92.
9. Smith ML. Laser-assisted nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Principles and Practice of Laser Dentistry: Elsevier; 2011.
10. Judy MM, Matthews JL, Aronoff BL, Hults DF. Soft tissue studies with 805 nm diode laser radiation: thermal effects with contact tips and comparison with effects of 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser radiation. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. 1993;13(5):528- 536.
11. Raghavendra M, Koregol A, Bhola S. Photodynamic therapy: a targeted therapy in periodontics. Australian Dental Journal. 2009;54(1):02-9.
12. Konopka K, Goslinski T. Photodynamic therapy in dentistry. Journal Dental Research. 2007;86(8):694-707.
13. Rios A, He J, Glickman GN, Spears R, Schneiderman ED, Honeyman AL. Evaluation of photodynamic therapy using a light-emitting diode lamp against Enterococcus faecalis in extracted human teeth. Journal of Endodontics. 2011;37(6):856-9.
14. Silva LA, Novaes AB, Jr., de Oliveira RR, Nelson-Filho P, Santamaria M, Jr., Silva RA. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for the treatment of teeth with apical periodontitis: a histopathological evaluation. Journal of Endodontics. 2012;38(3):360- 366.
15. Takasaki AA, Aoki A, Mizutani K, Schwarz F, Sculean A, Wang CY. Application of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in periodontal and peri-implant diseases. Periodontol 2000. 2009;51:109-140.
16. Hanabusa M, Mine A, Kuboki T, Momoi Y, Van Ende A, Van Meerbeek B. Bonding effectiveness of a new 'multi-mode' adhesive to enamel and dentine. Journal of Dentistry. 2012;40(6):475-484.
17. Marchesi G, Frassetto A, Mazzoni A, Apolonio F, Diolosà M, Cadenaro M. Adhesive performance of a multi-mode adhesive system: 1-year in vitro study. Journal of Dentistry. 2014;42(5):603-612.
18. Yoshihara K, Nagaoka N, Sonoda A, Maruo Y, Makita Y, Okihara T. Effectiveness and stability of silane coupling agent incorporated in 'universal' adhesives. Dental Materials. 2016;32(10):1218-1225.
19. Nikaido T, Ichikawa C, Li N, Takagaki T, Sadr A, Yoshida Y. Effect of functional monomers in all-in-one adhesive systems on formation of enamel/dentin acid-base resistant zone. Dental Materials Journal. 2011;30(5):576-582.
20. Tarçin B, Günday M, Oveçoğlu HS, Türkmen C, Oveçoğlu ML, Oksüz M. Tensile bond strength of dentin adhesives on acid- and laser-etched dentin surfaces. Quintessence International. 2009;40(10):865-874.
21. Ramos RP, Chimello DT, Chinelatti MA, Nonaka T, Pécora JD, Palma Dibb RG. Effect of Er:YAG laser on bond strength to dentin of a self-etching primer and two single-bottle adhesive systems. Lasers Surgery Medicine. 2002;31(3):164-170.
22. Kaptan A, Oznurhan F. Effects of Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation and adhesive systems on microtensile bond strength of a self-adhering composite. Lasers Medical Sciences. 2023;38(1):41.
23. Van Meerbeek B, De Munck J, Yoshida Y, Inoue S, Vargas M, Vijay P, Van Landuyt K. Buonocore memorial lecture. Adhesion to enamel and dentin: current status and future challenges. Operative Dentistry. 2003;28(3):215-235.
24. Browne RM, Tobias RS. Microbial microleakage and pulpal inflammation: a review. Endodontics & Dental Traumatology. 1986;2(5):177-183.
25. Celik C, Ozel Y, Bağiş B, Erkut S. Effect of laser irradiation and cavity disinfectant application on the microtensile bond strength of different adhesive systems. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery. 2010;28(2):267-272.
26. Yazici AR, Agarwal I, Campillo-Funollet M, Munoz-Viveros C, Antonson SA, Antonson DE. Effect of laser preparation on bond strength of a self-adhesive flowable resin. Lasers in Medical Science. 2013;28(1):343-347.
27. Nisar SS, Irfan F, Hammad H, Abdulla AM, Kamran MA, Barakat A. Disinfection of caries-affected dentin using potassium titanyl phosphate laser, Rose bengal and Ozonated water on shear bond strength of deciduous teeth. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy. 2022;40:103044.
28. Gurgan S, Firat E, Baysan A, Gutknecht N, Imazato S. Effects of ozone and Nd:YAG laser pretreatment on bond strength of self-etch adhesives to coronal and root dentin. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery. 2010;28(2):3-9.
29. Castro FL, Andrade MF, Hebling J, Lizarelli RF. Nd:YAG laser irradiation of etched/unetched dentin through an uncured two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive and its effect on microtensile bond strength. Journal of Adhesive Dentistry. 2012;14(2):137- 145.
30. Kobayashi CA, Fujishima A, Miyazaki T, Kimura Y, Matsumoto K, Osada T. Effect of Nd:YAG laser irradiation on shear bond strength of glass-lonomer luting cement to dentin surface. International Journal Prosthodontics. 2003;16(5):493-498.
31. Alonaizan FA, AlFawaz YF, Alsahhaf A, Alofi RS, Al-Aali KA, Alrahlah A. Effect of photodynamic therapy and ErCrYSGG laser irradiation on the push-out bond strength between fiber post and root dentin. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy. 2019;27:415-418.
32. Keskin G, Uçar Gündoğar Z, Yaman M. Bonding of an ion-releasing restorative material to caries-affected dentin disinfected with photodynamic therapy, Er,Cr:YSGG laser, and chemical disinfectants. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy. 2021;34:102261.
33. Vellappally S, Hashem M, Altinawi A, Fouad H. Nanoparticle incorporated dentin bonding agent to caries effected dentin treated by photodynamic therapy, laser or chlorhexidine. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy. 2021;36:102495.
34. Saito T, Takamizawa T, Ishii R, Tsujimoto A, Hirokane E, Barkmeier WW. Influence of Application Time on Dentin Bond Performance in Different Etching Modes of Universal Adhesives. Operative Dentistry. 2020;45(2):183-195.
35. Karadas M. Influence of reduced application time on bonding durability of universal adhesives to demineralized enamel. Clinical Oral Investige. 2021;25(12):6843-6855.
36. Madrigal EL, Tichy A, Hosaka K, Ikeda M, Nakajima M, Tagami J. The effect of curing mode of dual-cure resin cements on bonding performance of universal adhesives to enamel, dentin and various restorative materials. Dental Materials Journal. 2021;40(2):446-454.
37. Yoshida Y, Nagakane K, Fukuda R, Nakayama Y, Okazaki M, Shintani H. Comparative study on adhesive performance of functional monomers. Journal of Dental Research. 2004;83(6):454-458.
38. Mitra SB, Lee CY, Bui HT, Tantbirojn D, Rusin RP. Long-term adhesion and mechanism of bonding of a paste-liquid resin-modified glass-ionomer. Dental Materials Journal. 2009;25(4):459-466.
39. Lin A, McIntyre NS, Davidson RD. Studies on the adhesion of glass-ionomer cements to dentin. Journal of Dental Research. 1992;71(11):1836-41.
40. Manfroi FB, Marcondes ML, Somacal DC, Borges GA, Júnior LH, Spohr AM. Bond Strength of a Novel One Bottle Multi-mode Adhesive to Human Dentin After Six Months of Storage. Open Dentistry Journal. 2016;10:268-277.
41. Miyazaki M, Ando S, Hinoura K, Onose H, Moore BK. Influence of filler addition to bonding agents on shear bond strength to bovine dentin. Dental Materials Journal. 1995;11(4):234-238.
42. Paul SJ, Leach M, Rueggeberg FA, Pashley DH. Effect of water content on the physical properties of model dentine primer and bonding resins. Journal of Dentistry. 1999;27(3):209-14.
43. Ito S, Hashimoto M, Wadgaonkar B, Svizero N, Carvalho RM, Yiu C. Effects of resin hydrophilicity on water sorption and changes in modulus of elasticity. Biomaterials. 2005;26(33):6449-6459.
44. Hubbezoglu I, Kutlu S, Karaarslan A. Effect of Self-cured Universal Adhesive System on Shear Bond Strengths of Conventional and Bulk-fill Composites. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal. 2022;25(3):271-277.

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 2, 164 - 172, 23.06.2023

Ayşe Çeşme İhsan Hubbezoğlu

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.1299029

Öz

Proje Numarası

DIS-290

Kaynakça

1. Bin-Shuwaish MS. Effects and Effectiveness of Cavity Disinfectants in Operative Dentistry: A Literature Review. The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice. 2016;17(10):867-879.
2. Aktas A, Giray B. Chlorhexidine Rinse in Dentistry: Characteristics and Actual Usage. Türkiye Klinikleri Dişhekimliği Bilimleri Dergisi. 2010;16(1):51.
3. Arslan S, Yazici AR, Görücü J, Pala K, Antonson DE, Antonson SA. Comparison of the effects of Er,Cr:YSGG laser and different cavity disinfection agents on microleakage of current adhesives. Lasers in Medical Science. 2012;27(4):805-811.
4. Türkün M, Türkün LS, Celik EU, Ateş M. Bactericidal effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser on Streptococcus mutans. Dental Materials Journal. 2006;25(1):81-86.
5. Lee BS, Lin PY, Chen MH, Hsieh TT, Lin CP, Lai JY. Tensile bond strength of Er,Cr:YSGG laser-irradiated human dentin and analysis of dentin-resin interface. Dental materials: official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials. 2007;23(5):570-578.
6. Uysal D, Güler Ç. Laser in Dentistry: A literature Review. Journal of Atatürk University Faculty of Dentistry.2012;6:44-53.
7. Van Meerbeek B, Van Landuyt K, De Munck J, Hashimoto M, Peumans M, Lambrechts P. Technique-sensitivity of contemporary adhesives. Dental Materials Journal. 2005;24(1):1-13.
8. Lan WH, Liu HC. Treatment of dentin hypersensitivity by Nd:YAG laser. Journal of Clinical Laser Medicine and Surgery. 1996;14(2):89-92.
9. Smith ML. Laser-assisted nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Principles and Practice of Laser Dentistry: Elsevier; 2011.
10. Judy MM, Matthews JL, Aronoff BL, Hults DF. Soft tissue studies with 805 nm diode laser radiation: thermal effects with contact tips and comparison with effects of 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser radiation. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. 1993;13(5):528- 536.
11. Raghavendra M, Koregol A, Bhola S. Photodynamic therapy: a targeted therapy in periodontics. Australian Dental Journal. 2009;54(1):02-9.
12. Konopka K, Goslinski T. Photodynamic therapy in dentistry. Journal Dental Research. 2007;86(8):694-707.
13. Rios A, He J, Glickman GN, Spears R, Schneiderman ED, Honeyman AL. Evaluation of photodynamic therapy using a light-emitting diode lamp against Enterococcus faecalis in extracted human teeth. Journal of Endodontics. 2011;37(6):856-9.
14. Silva LA, Novaes AB, Jr., de Oliveira RR, Nelson-Filho P, Santamaria M, Jr., Silva RA. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for the treatment of teeth with apical periodontitis: a histopathological evaluation. Journal of Endodontics. 2012;38(3):360- 366.
15. Takasaki AA, Aoki A, Mizutani K, Schwarz F, Sculean A, Wang CY. Application of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in periodontal and peri-implant diseases. Periodontol 2000. 2009;51:109-140.
16. Hanabusa M, Mine A, Kuboki T, Momoi Y, Van Ende A, Van Meerbeek B. Bonding effectiveness of a new 'multi-mode' adhesive to enamel and dentine. Journal of Dentistry. 2012;40(6):475-484.
17. Marchesi G, Frassetto A, Mazzoni A, Apolonio F, Diolosà M, Cadenaro M. Adhesive performance of a multi-mode adhesive system: 1-year in vitro study. Journal of Dentistry. 2014;42(5):603-612.
18. Yoshihara K, Nagaoka N, Sonoda A, Maruo Y, Makita Y, Okihara T. Effectiveness and stability of silane coupling agent incorporated in 'universal' adhesives. Dental Materials. 2016;32(10):1218-1225.
19. Nikaido T, Ichikawa C, Li N, Takagaki T, Sadr A, Yoshida Y. Effect of functional monomers in all-in-one adhesive systems on formation of enamel/dentin acid-base resistant zone. Dental Materials Journal. 2011;30(5):576-582.
20. Tarçin B, Günday M, Oveçoğlu HS, Türkmen C, Oveçoğlu ML, Oksüz M. Tensile bond strength of dentin adhesives on acid- and laser-etched dentin surfaces. Quintessence International. 2009;40(10):865-874.
21. Ramos RP, Chimello DT, Chinelatti MA, Nonaka T, Pécora JD, Palma Dibb RG. Effect of Er:YAG laser on bond strength to dentin of a self-etching primer and two single-bottle adhesive systems. Lasers Surgery Medicine. 2002;31(3):164-170.
22. Kaptan A, Oznurhan F. Effects of Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation and adhesive systems on microtensile bond strength of a self-adhering composite. Lasers Medical Sciences. 2023;38(1):41.
23. Van Meerbeek B, De Munck J, Yoshida Y, Inoue S, Vargas M, Vijay P, Van Landuyt K. Buonocore memorial lecture. Adhesion to enamel and dentin: current status and future challenges. Operative Dentistry. 2003;28(3):215-235.
24. Browne RM, Tobias RS. Microbial microleakage and pulpal inflammation: a review. Endodontics & Dental Traumatology. 1986;2(5):177-183.
25. Celik C, Ozel Y, Bağiş B, Erkut S. Effect of laser irradiation and cavity disinfectant application on the microtensile bond strength of different adhesive systems. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery. 2010;28(2):267-272.
26. Yazici AR, Agarwal I, Campillo-Funollet M, Munoz-Viveros C, Antonson SA, Antonson DE. Effect of laser preparation on bond strength of a self-adhesive flowable resin. Lasers in Medical Science. 2013;28(1):343-347.
27. Nisar SS, Irfan F, Hammad H, Abdulla AM, Kamran MA, Barakat A. Disinfection of caries-affected dentin using potassium titanyl phosphate laser, Rose bengal and Ozonated water on shear bond strength of deciduous teeth. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy. 2022;40:103044.
28. Gurgan S, Firat E, Baysan A, Gutknecht N, Imazato S. Effects of ozone and Nd:YAG laser pretreatment on bond strength of self-etch adhesives to coronal and root dentin. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery. 2010;28(2):3-9.
29. Castro FL, Andrade MF, Hebling J, Lizarelli RF. Nd:YAG laser irradiation of etched/unetched dentin through an uncured two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive and its effect on microtensile bond strength. Journal of Adhesive Dentistry. 2012;14(2):137- 145.
30. Kobayashi CA, Fujishima A, Miyazaki T, Kimura Y, Matsumoto K, Osada T. Effect of Nd:YAG laser irradiation on shear bond strength of glass-lonomer luting cement to dentin surface. International Journal Prosthodontics. 2003;16(5):493-498.
31. Alonaizan FA, AlFawaz YF, Alsahhaf A, Alofi RS, Al-Aali KA, Alrahlah A. Effect of photodynamic therapy and ErCrYSGG laser irradiation on the push-out bond strength between fiber post and root dentin. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy. 2019;27:415-418.
32. Keskin G, Uçar Gündoğar Z, Yaman M. Bonding of an ion-releasing restorative material to caries-affected dentin disinfected with photodynamic therapy, Er,Cr:YSGG laser, and chemical disinfectants. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy. 2021;34:102261.
33. Vellappally S, Hashem M, Altinawi A, Fouad H. Nanoparticle incorporated dentin bonding agent to caries effected dentin treated by photodynamic therapy, laser or chlorhexidine. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy. 2021;36:102495.
34. Saito T, Takamizawa T, Ishii R, Tsujimoto A, Hirokane E, Barkmeier WW. Influence of Application Time on Dentin Bond Performance in Different Etching Modes of Universal Adhesives. Operative Dentistry. 2020;45(2):183-195.
35. Karadas M. Influence of reduced application time on bonding durability of universal adhesives to demineralized enamel. Clinical Oral Investige. 2021;25(12):6843-6855.
36. Madrigal EL, Tichy A, Hosaka K, Ikeda M, Nakajima M, Tagami J. The effect of curing mode of dual-cure resin cements on bonding performance of universal adhesives to enamel, dentin and various restorative materials. Dental Materials Journal. 2021;40(2):446-454.
37. Yoshida Y, Nagakane K, Fukuda R, Nakayama Y, Okazaki M, Shintani H. Comparative study on adhesive performance of functional monomers. Journal of Dental Research. 2004;83(6):454-458.
38. Mitra SB, Lee CY, Bui HT, Tantbirojn D, Rusin RP. Long-term adhesion and mechanism of bonding of a paste-liquid resin-modified glass-ionomer. Dental Materials Journal. 2009;25(4):459-466.
39. Lin A, McIntyre NS, Davidson RD. Studies on the adhesion of glass-ionomer cements to dentin. Journal of Dental Research. 1992;71(11):1836-41.
40. Manfroi FB, Marcondes ML, Somacal DC, Borges GA, Júnior LH, Spohr AM. Bond Strength of a Novel One Bottle Multi-mode Adhesive to Human Dentin After Six Months of Storage. Open Dentistry Journal. 2016;10:268-277.
41. Miyazaki M, Ando S, Hinoura K, Onose H, Moore BK. Influence of filler addition to bonding agents on shear bond strength to bovine dentin. Dental Materials Journal. 1995;11(4):234-238.
42. Paul SJ, Leach M, Rueggeberg FA, Pashley DH. Effect of water content on the physical properties of model dentine primer and bonding resins. Journal of Dentistry. 1999;27(3):209-14.
43. Ito S, Hashimoto M, Wadgaonkar B, Svizero N, Carvalho RM, Yiu C. Effects of resin hydrophilicity on water sorption and changes in modulus of elasticity. Biomaterials. 2005;26(33):6449-6459.
44. Hubbezoglu I, Kutlu S, Karaarslan A. Effect of Self-cured Universal Adhesive System on Shear Bond Strengths of Conventional and Bulk-fill Composites. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal. 2022;25(3):271-277.

Toplam 44 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm	Original Research Articles
Yazarlar	Ayşe Çeşme 0009-0005-5583-7873 İhsan Hubbezoğlu 0000-0001-8984-9286
Proje Numarası	DIS-290
Yayımlanma Tarihi	23 Haziran 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi	18 Mayıs 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2023Cilt: 26 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

EndNote	Çeşme A, Hubbezoğlu İ (01 Haziran 2023) Effect of Self-Cured and Self-Etch Adhesive Systems on Shear Bond Strength After Photodynamic Therapy and Disinfection with Different Types of Lasers. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 26 2 164–172.

Kapak Resmi İndir

Makale Dosyaları

Tam Metin

Cumhuriyet Dental Journal (Cumhuriyet Dent J, CDJ) is the official publication of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry. CDJ is an international journal dedicated to the latest advancement of dentistry. The aim of this journal is to provide a platform for scientists and academicians all over the world to promote, share, and discuss various new issues and developments in different areas of dentistry. First issue of the Journal of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry was published in 1998. In 2010, journal's name was changed as Cumhuriyet Dental Journal. Journal’s publication language is English.

CDJ accepts articles in English. Submitting a paper to CDJ is free of charges. In addition, CDJ has not have article processing charges.

Frequency: Four times a year (March, June, September, and December)

IMPORTANT NOTICE

All users of Cumhuriyet Dental Journal should visit to their user's home page through the "https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/user" " or "https://dergipark.org.tr/en/user" links to update their incomplete information shown in blue or yellow warnings and update their e-mail addresses and information to the DergiPark system. Otherwise, the e-mails from the journal will not be seen or fall into the SPAM folder. Please fill in all missing part in the relevant field.

Please visit journal's AUTHOR GUIDELINE to see revised policy and submission rules to be held since 2020.