Retrospective Evaluation of Maxillofacial Fractures With Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Emre Haylaz; Gediz Geduk; Çiğdem Şeker; Murat İçen

doi:10.7126/cumudj.1117935

Araştırma Makalesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3, 246 - 251, 01.10.2022

Emre Haylaz Gediz Geduk Çiğdem Şeker Murat İçen

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.1117935

Öz

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Proje Numarası

yok

Teşekkür

yok

Kaynakça

References 1. Scarfe WC. Imaging of maxillofacial trauma: evolutions and emerging revolutions. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2005;100: 75–96.
2. Özdede M, Sarıkır Ç, Akarslan Z, Peker İ. Maksillofasiyal fraktürlerin konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomograf ile retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmesi. J Dent Fac Atatürk Uni. 2016;26: 8–14.
3. İrkören S, Sivrioğlu NŞ, Bulut B, Sonel AM, & Ceylan E. Üç yıl içinde opere denilen 63 mandibula fraktürü olgusunun retrospektif analizi. ADÜ Tıp Fakültesi Derg. 2011;12: 1-4.
4. Şakrak T, Aydan KÖSE, Karabağlı Y, Elmas İ, Tekgöz A, & Çetin C. 232 Maksillofasyal travmalı hastanın geriye dönük analizi ve kliniğimizde uygulanan tedavi protokolleri. Türk Plastik Rekonstrüktif ve Estetik Cerrahi Dergisi, 2011;18: 66-69.
5. Hwang K, You SH. Analysis of facial bone fractures: an 11-year study of 2,094 patients. Indian J Plast Surg. 2010;43: 42–48.
6. Boffano P, Roccia F, Zavattero E, et al. European Maxillofacial Trauma (EURMAT) project: a multicentre and prospective study. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2015;43: 62–70.
7. Zweig BE. Complications of mandibular fractures. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2009;17: 93–101.
8. Malara P, Malara B, Drugacz J. Characteristics of maxillofacial injuries resulting from road traffic accidents- a 5 year review of the case records from Department of Maxillofacial Surgery in Katowice, Poland. Head Face Medicine, 2006;2 :1-6.
9. Cohenca N, Simon JH, Roges R, Morag Y, Malfaz JM. Clinical indications for digital imaging in dento-alveolar trauma. Part 1: traumatic injuries. Dent Traumatol. 2007;23: 95-104.
10. Aydin U, Gormez O, & Yildirim, D. Cone-beam computed tomography imaging of dentoalveolar and mandibular fractures. Oral radiology, 2020;36: 217-224.
11. Shintaku WH, Venturin JS, Azevedo B, Noujeim M. Applications of cone-beam computed tomography in fractures of the maxillofacial complex. Dent Traumatol. 2009;25: 358–366.
12. Bozkuş F, İynen İ, & Şan İ. Maksillofasiyal travmalı hastaların retrospektif incelenmesi. Tıp Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2011;9: 10-16.
13. Pohlenz PH, Blessmann M, Blake F, Heinrich S, Schmelzle R, Heiland M. Clinical indications and perspectives for intraoperative cone beam computed tomography in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2007;103: 412–417.
14. Liang X, Jacobs R, Hassan B, et al. A comparative evaluation of Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and Multi-Slice CT (MSCT) Part I. On subjective image quality. Eur J Radiol 2010;75: 265–269.
15. Zain-Alabdeen EH, Alsadhan RI. A comparative study of accuracy of detection of surface osseous changes in the temporomandibular joint using multidetector CT and cone beam CT. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2012;41: 185–191.
16. Aktan A, Güngör E, Çiftçi M, & İşman Ö. Diş hekimliğinde konik işinli bilgisayarli tomografi kullanimi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, 2015;25: 71-76.
17. Harorlı A, Akgül M, Yılmaz B, Bilge OM, Dağistan S, Çakur B, Çağlayan F, Miloğlu Ö, Sümbüllü MA. Ağız, Diş ve Çene Radyolojisi. 1.baskı İstanbul; Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri Tic. Ltd. Şti. 2014. sf. 484- 500.
18. Kaeppler G, Cornelius CP, Ehrenfeld M, & Mast G. (2013). Diagnostic efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography for mandibular fractures. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology, 2013;116: 98-104.
19. Olasoji HO, Tahir A, Arotiba GT. Changing picture of facial fractures in northern Nigeria. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2002;40: 140-143.
20. Haug RH, Prather J, Indresano AT. An epidemiologic survey of facial fractures and concomitant ınjuries. J. Oral Maxillofac Surg 1990;48: 926-932.
21. Gassner R, Tuli T, Hachl O, Rudisch A, Ulmer H. Cranio-maxillofacial trauma: a 10 year review of 9543 cases with 21067 injuries. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2003;31: 51-61
22. Motamedi MHK, Dadgar E, Ebrahimi A, Shirani G, Haghighat A, & Jamalpour MR. Pattern of maxillofacial fractures: a 5-year analysis of 8,818 patients. Journal of trauma and acute care surgery, 2014;77: 630-634.
23. Demir Z, Öktem F, Velidedeoğlu H, & Çelebioğlu S. (2008). Maksillofasiyal kırığı olan 121 olgunun değerlendirilmesi ve literatürle karşılaştırılması. In KBB-Forum, 2008:7; 85-90.
24. Bataineh AB. Etiology and incidence of maxillofacial fractures in north of Jordan. J Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1998;86: 31-35.
25. Wusiman P, Maimaitituerxun B, Saimaiti A, & Moming, A. Epidemiology and pattern of oral and maxillofacial trauma. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, 2020;31: 517-520.
26. Guo HQ, Yang X, Wang XT, Li S, Ji AP, & Bai J. Epidemiology of maxillofacial soft tissue injuries in an oral emergency department in Beijing: A two‐year retrospective study. Dental traumatology, 2021;37: 479-487.
27. Frimpong P, Nguyen TTH, Sodnom-Ish, et al. Incidence and management of mandibular fractures in a low-resource health facility in Ghana. Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, 2021;47: 432-437.
28. Adekeye EO. The pattern of fractures of the facial skeleton in Kaduna, Nigeria. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1980;49: 491-495.
29. Iida S, Kogo M, Sugiura T, Mima T, Matsuya T. Retrospective analysis of 1502 patients with facial fractures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2001;30: 286-290.
30. Barde D, Mudhol A, & Madan, R. Prevalence and pattern of mandibular fracture in Central India. National journal of maxillofacial surgery, 2014;5: 153.
31. Kumar GA, Dhupar V, Akkara F, & Kumar SP. Patterns of maxillofacial fractures in Goa. Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery, 2015;14: 138-141.
32. Devarakonda V, Navakoti P, Sungal RP, Sakleshpur MC, Karanam AK, & Sanobar, A. Trends in mandibular fracture patterns in central Telangana–A retrospective overview and analysis. Dental traumatology, 2021;37: 436-439.
33. Buch, K, Mottalib A, Nadgir RN et al. Unifocal versus multifocal mandibular fractures and injury location. Emergency radiology, 2016;23: 161-167.
34. Demirdöver C, Geyik A, Yazgan HŞ et al. Epidemiologic analysis and evaluation of complications in 1266 cases with maxillofacial trauma. Türk Plastik, Rekonstrüktif ve Estetik Cerrahi Dergisi (Turk J Plast Surg), 2018;26: 6-11.
35. AlHammad Z, Nusair Y, Alotaibi S, Ababtain R, Alsulami S, & Aljumah GA. cross-sectional study of the prevalence and severity of maxillofacial fractures resulting from motor vehicle accidents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The Saudi Dental Journal, 2020;32: 314-320.
36. Hoşgör H, Coşkunses FM, & KAN B. Evaluation of maxillofacial fracture cases: A retrospective study. 7tepe Klinik, 2019;15: 311-316.
37. Lee H, Kim KS, Choi JH, Hwang JH, & Lee SY. Trauma severity and mandibular fracture patterns in a regional trauma center. Archives of craniofacial surgery, 2020;21: 294.
38. Cleveland CN, Kelly A, DeGiovanni J, Ong AA, & Carr MM. Maxillofacial trauma in children: Association between age and mandibular fracture site. American Journal of Otolaryngology, 2021;42: 102874.
39. Mallya S. Trauma. In: Mallya S, Lam E. White and Pharoah’s Oral Radiology: Principles and Interpretation. 8th Ed., Elsevier Science Publishing, Philadelphia, 2019: 519-540.
40. Alimohammadi R. Imaging of dentoalveolar and jaw trauma. Radiol Clin North Am 2018;56: 105–124.
41. Sklavos A, Beteramia D, Delpachitra SN, Kumar R. The panoramic dental radiograph for emergency physicians. Emerg Med J 2019;36: 565-571
42. Bitar G, Touska P. Imaging in trauma of the facial skeleton and soft tissues of the neck. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2020;81: 1-15.
43. Goodday RH. Management of fractures of the mandibular body and symphysis. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2013;25: 601-616.
44. Boeddinghaus R, Whyte A. Current concepts in maxillofacial imaging. Eur J Radiol 2008;66: 396- 418.
45. Guven Y, Zorlu S, Cankaya AB, Aktoren O, Gencay K. A Complex Facial Trauma Case with Multiple Mandibular Fractures and Dentoalveolar Injuries. Case Rep Dent 2015; (2015)
46. Wilson IF, Lokeh A, Benjamin CI, et al. Prospective comparison of panoramic tomography (zonography) and helical computed tomography in the diagnosis and operative management of mandibular fractures. Plast Reconstr Surg 2001;107: 1369-1375.
47. Mehta N, Butala P, Bernstein MP. The imaging of maxillofacial trauma and its pertinence to surgical intervention. Radiol Clin North Am 2012;50: 43-57.
48. Hashimoto K, Arai Y, Iwai K, Araki M, Kawashima S, Terakado M. A comparison of a new limited cone beam computed tomography machine for dental use with a multidetector row helical CT machine. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 2003;95: 371-377.
49. Palomo L, Palomo JM. Cone beam CT for diagnosis and treatment planning in trauma cases. Dent Clin North Am 2009;53: 717-727.

Retrospective Evaluation of Maxillofacial Fractures With Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3, 246 - 251, 01.10.2022

Emre Haylaz Gediz Geduk Çiğdem Şeker Murat İçen

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.1117935

Öz

ÖZ
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı maksillofasiyal bölgede meydana gelen fraktürlerin yaş ve cinsiyete göre dağılımlarını, lokalizasyonlarını, sayısını, deplasman varlığını, radyolojik özelliklerini Konik Işınlı Bilgisayarlı Tomografi (KIBT) ile retrospektif olarak değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Ağız Diş ve Çene Radyolojisi Anabilim Dalı’na 2019 ve 2021 yılları arasında travma nedeniyle başvuran 84 hastadan alınan KIBT görüntüleri retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Yaş, cinsiyet, fraktür lokalizasyonu, fraktürlerde deplasman varlığı kayıt altına alındı. İstatistiksel analiz için tüm hasta grubuna tanımlayıcı ve frekans analizleri uygulanırken, hastaların yaş ve cinsiyetlerini; fraktür hattı ve fraktür bölgesi ile karşılaştırırken ki-kare testi uygulandı.
Bulgular: 60 erkek 24 kadın hasta (E/K, 2,5/1) olmak üzere toplam 84 hastanın maksillofasiyal travma nedeniyle KIBT görüntüsü incelendi. Çalışmada incelenen hasta grubunun yaşları 6 ve 72 arasında değişmekte olup yaş ortalaması 33.17±1.48 olarak belirlendi. Farklı etiyolojik nedenlerden kaynaklı çeşitli lokalizasyonlarda meydana gelen 116 fraktür hattı sayısı radyolojik olarak tespit edildi. İncelenen tüm fraktürlerin 73’ünde deplasman izlenirken kalan 43 fraktür hattında deplasman görülmedi. Meydana gelen fraktürler en sık angulus mandibulada (%22,61:n=19) tespit edildi. En az fraktür mandibula ramus (%3,57; n=3) ve koronoid proseste (%3,57; n=3) görüldü.
Sonuçlar: Fraktür hatlarının varlığının, lokalizasyonlarının ve kırık parçalarının yer değişiminin doğru radyografik teknikler aracılığıyla tespit edilmesi, gerekli tedavi prosedürlerinin uygulanması açısından önem taşımaktadır. İki boyutlu radyografilerin kullanımının yetersiz kaldığı durumlarda KIBT gibi üç boyutlu görüntüleme yöntemleri tercih edilmelidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Konik Işınlı Bilgisayarlı Tomografi, Fraktür, Mandibula, Teşhis

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cone-Beam Computed Tomography, Fracture, Mandible, Diagnosis

Proje Numarası

yok

Kaynakça

References 1. Scarfe WC. Imaging of maxillofacial trauma: evolutions and emerging revolutions. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2005;100: 75–96.
2. Özdede M, Sarıkır Ç, Akarslan Z, Peker İ. Maksillofasiyal fraktürlerin konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomograf ile retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmesi. J Dent Fac Atatürk Uni. 2016;26: 8–14.
3. İrkören S, Sivrioğlu NŞ, Bulut B, Sonel AM, & Ceylan E. Üç yıl içinde opere denilen 63 mandibula fraktürü olgusunun retrospektif analizi. ADÜ Tıp Fakültesi Derg. 2011;12: 1-4.
4. Şakrak T, Aydan KÖSE, Karabağlı Y, Elmas İ, Tekgöz A, & Çetin C. 232 Maksillofasyal travmalı hastanın geriye dönük analizi ve kliniğimizde uygulanan tedavi protokolleri. Türk Plastik Rekonstrüktif ve Estetik Cerrahi Dergisi, 2011;18: 66-69.
5. Hwang K, You SH. Analysis of facial bone fractures: an 11-year study of 2,094 patients. Indian J Plast Surg. 2010;43: 42–48.
6. Boffano P, Roccia F, Zavattero E, et al. European Maxillofacial Trauma (EURMAT) project: a multicentre and prospective study. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2015;43: 62–70.
7. Zweig BE. Complications of mandibular fractures. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2009;17: 93–101.
8. Malara P, Malara B, Drugacz J. Characteristics of maxillofacial injuries resulting from road traffic accidents- a 5 year review of the case records from Department of Maxillofacial Surgery in Katowice, Poland. Head Face Medicine, 2006;2 :1-6.
9. Cohenca N, Simon JH, Roges R, Morag Y, Malfaz JM. Clinical indications for digital imaging in dento-alveolar trauma. Part 1: traumatic injuries. Dent Traumatol. 2007;23: 95-104.
10. Aydin U, Gormez O, & Yildirim, D. Cone-beam computed tomography imaging of dentoalveolar and mandibular fractures. Oral radiology, 2020;36: 217-224.
11. Shintaku WH, Venturin JS, Azevedo B, Noujeim M. Applications of cone-beam computed tomography in fractures of the maxillofacial complex. Dent Traumatol. 2009;25: 358–366.
12. Bozkuş F, İynen İ, & Şan İ. Maksillofasiyal travmalı hastaların retrospektif incelenmesi. Tıp Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2011;9: 10-16.
13. Pohlenz PH, Blessmann M, Blake F, Heinrich S, Schmelzle R, Heiland M. Clinical indications and perspectives for intraoperative cone beam computed tomography in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2007;103: 412–417.
14. Liang X, Jacobs R, Hassan B, et al. A comparative evaluation of Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and Multi-Slice CT (MSCT) Part I. On subjective image quality. Eur J Radiol 2010;75: 265–269.
15. Zain-Alabdeen EH, Alsadhan RI. A comparative study of accuracy of detection of surface osseous changes in the temporomandibular joint using multidetector CT and cone beam CT. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2012;41: 185–191.
16. Aktan A, Güngör E, Çiftçi M, & İşman Ö. Diş hekimliğinde konik işinli bilgisayarli tomografi kullanimi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, 2015;25: 71-76.
17. Harorlı A, Akgül M, Yılmaz B, Bilge OM, Dağistan S, Çakur B, Çağlayan F, Miloğlu Ö, Sümbüllü MA. Ağız, Diş ve Çene Radyolojisi. 1.baskı İstanbul; Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri Tic. Ltd. Şti. 2014. sf. 484- 500.
18. Kaeppler G, Cornelius CP, Ehrenfeld M, & Mast G. (2013). Diagnostic efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography for mandibular fractures. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology, 2013;116: 98-104.
19. Olasoji HO, Tahir A, Arotiba GT. Changing picture of facial fractures in northern Nigeria. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2002;40: 140-143.
20. Haug RH, Prather J, Indresano AT. An epidemiologic survey of facial fractures and concomitant ınjuries. J. Oral Maxillofac Surg 1990;48: 926-932.
21. Gassner R, Tuli T, Hachl O, Rudisch A, Ulmer H. Cranio-maxillofacial trauma: a 10 year review of 9543 cases with 21067 injuries. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2003;31: 51-61
22. Motamedi MHK, Dadgar E, Ebrahimi A, Shirani G, Haghighat A, & Jamalpour MR. Pattern of maxillofacial fractures: a 5-year analysis of 8,818 patients. Journal of trauma and acute care surgery, 2014;77: 630-634.
23. Demir Z, Öktem F, Velidedeoğlu H, & Çelebioğlu S. (2008). Maksillofasiyal kırığı olan 121 olgunun değerlendirilmesi ve literatürle karşılaştırılması. In KBB-Forum, 2008:7; 85-90.
24. Bataineh AB. Etiology and incidence of maxillofacial fractures in north of Jordan. J Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1998;86: 31-35.
25. Wusiman P, Maimaitituerxun B, Saimaiti A, & Moming, A. Epidemiology and pattern of oral and maxillofacial trauma. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, 2020;31: 517-520.
26. Guo HQ, Yang X, Wang XT, Li S, Ji AP, & Bai J. Epidemiology of maxillofacial soft tissue injuries in an oral emergency department in Beijing: A two‐year retrospective study. Dental traumatology, 2021;37: 479-487.
27. Frimpong P, Nguyen TTH, Sodnom-Ish, et al. Incidence and management of mandibular fractures in a low-resource health facility in Ghana. Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, 2021;47: 432-437.
28. Adekeye EO. The pattern of fractures of the facial skeleton in Kaduna, Nigeria. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1980;49: 491-495.
29. Iida S, Kogo M, Sugiura T, Mima T, Matsuya T. Retrospective analysis of 1502 patients with facial fractures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2001;30: 286-290.
30. Barde D, Mudhol A, & Madan, R. Prevalence and pattern of mandibular fracture in Central India. National journal of maxillofacial surgery, 2014;5: 153.
31. Kumar GA, Dhupar V, Akkara F, & Kumar SP. Patterns of maxillofacial fractures in Goa. Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery, 2015;14: 138-141.
32. Devarakonda V, Navakoti P, Sungal RP, Sakleshpur MC, Karanam AK, & Sanobar, A. Trends in mandibular fracture patterns in central Telangana–A retrospective overview and analysis. Dental traumatology, 2021;37: 436-439.
33. Buch, K, Mottalib A, Nadgir RN et al. Unifocal versus multifocal mandibular fractures and injury location. Emergency radiology, 2016;23: 161-167.
34. Demirdöver C, Geyik A, Yazgan HŞ et al. Epidemiologic analysis and evaluation of complications in 1266 cases with maxillofacial trauma. Türk Plastik, Rekonstrüktif ve Estetik Cerrahi Dergisi (Turk J Plast Surg), 2018;26: 6-11.
35. AlHammad Z, Nusair Y, Alotaibi S, Ababtain R, Alsulami S, & Aljumah GA. cross-sectional study of the prevalence and severity of maxillofacial fractures resulting from motor vehicle accidents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The Saudi Dental Journal, 2020;32: 314-320.
36. Hoşgör H, Coşkunses FM, & KAN B. Evaluation of maxillofacial fracture cases: A retrospective study. 7tepe Klinik, 2019;15: 311-316.
37. Lee H, Kim KS, Choi JH, Hwang JH, & Lee SY. Trauma severity and mandibular fracture patterns in a regional trauma center. Archives of craniofacial surgery, 2020;21: 294.
38. Cleveland CN, Kelly A, DeGiovanni J, Ong AA, & Carr MM. Maxillofacial trauma in children: Association between age and mandibular fracture site. American Journal of Otolaryngology, 2021;42: 102874.
39. Mallya S. Trauma. In: Mallya S, Lam E. White and Pharoah’s Oral Radiology: Principles and Interpretation. 8th Ed., Elsevier Science Publishing, Philadelphia, 2019: 519-540.
40. Alimohammadi R. Imaging of dentoalveolar and jaw trauma. Radiol Clin North Am 2018;56: 105–124.
41. Sklavos A, Beteramia D, Delpachitra SN, Kumar R. The panoramic dental radiograph for emergency physicians. Emerg Med J 2019;36: 565-571
42. Bitar G, Touska P. Imaging in trauma of the facial skeleton and soft tissues of the neck. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2020;81: 1-15.
43. Goodday RH. Management of fractures of the mandibular body and symphysis. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2013;25: 601-616.
44. Boeddinghaus R, Whyte A. Current concepts in maxillofacial imaging. Eur J Radiol 2008;66: 396- 418.
45. Guven Y, Zorlu S, Cankaya AB, Aktoren O, Gencay K. A Complex Facial Trauma Case with Multiple Mandibular Fractures and Dentoalveolar Injuries. Case Rep Dent 2015; (2015)
46. Wilson IF, Lokeh A, Benjamin CI, et al. Prospective comparison of panoramic tomography (zonography) and helical computed tomography in the diagnosis and operative management of mandibular fractures. Plast Reconstr Surg 2001;107: 1369-1375.
47. Mehta N, Butala P, Bernstein MP. The imaging of maxillofacial trauma and its pertinence to surgical intervention. Radiol Clin North Am 2012;50: 43-57.
48. Hashimoto K, Arai Y, Iwai K, Araki M, Kawashima S, Terakado M. A comparison of a new limited cone beam computed tomography machine for dental use with a multidetector row helical CT machine. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 2003;95: 371-377.
49. Palomo L, Palomo JM. Cone beam CT for diagnosis and treatment planning in trauma cases. Dent Clin North Am 2009;53: 717-727.

Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm	Original Research Articles
Yazarlar	Emre Haylaz 0000-0001-7330-9525 Gediz Geduk 0000-0002-9650-2149 Çiğdem Şeker 0000-0001-8984-1241 Murat İçen 0000-0002-2779-5646
Proje Numarası	yok
Yayımlanma Tarihi	1 Ekim 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi	17 Mayıs 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2022Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

EndNote	Haylaz E, Geduk G, Şeker Ç, İçen M (01 Ekim 2022) Retrospective Evaluation of Maxillofacial Fractures With Cone-Beam Computed Tomography. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 25 3 246–251.

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Cumhuriyet Dental Journal (Cumhuriyet Dent J, CDJ) is the official publication of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry. CDJ is an international journal dedicated to the latest advancement of dentistry. The aim of this journal is to provide a platform for scientists and academicians all over the world to promote, share, and discuss various new issues and developments in different areas of dentistry. First issue of the Journal of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry was published in 1998. In 2010, journal's name was changed as Cumhuriyet Dental Journal. Journal’s publication language is English.

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