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Year 2021, , 197 - 204, 31.05.2021

Alberto Rodriguez-archilla , Cristina Fuentes-perez

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.853865

Abstract

References

  • 1. Warnakulasuriya S, Johnson NW, van der Waal I. Nomenclature and classification of potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa. J Oral Pathol Med. 2007;36(10):575-80.
  • 2. Ganesh D, Sreenivasan P, Öhman J, Wallström M, Braz-Silva PH, Giglio D, Kjeller G, Hasséus B. Potentially Malignant Oral Disorders and Cancer Transformation. Anticancer Res. 2018;38(6):3223-3229.
  • 3. Arduino PG, Bagan J, El-Naggar AK, Carrozzo M. Urban legends series: oral leukoplakia. Oral Dis. 2013;19(7):642-59.
  • 4. Warnakulasuriya S, Ariyawardana A. Malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia: a systematic review of observational studies. J Oral Pathol Med. 2016;45(3):155-66.
  • 5. Wells G, Shea B, O’Connell D, Peterson J, Welch V, Losos M, Tugwell P. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses [Internet]. Ottawa (Canada): The Ottawa Hospital. Available from: http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical_epidemiology/oxford.asp.
  • 6. Einhorn J, Wersall J. Incidence of oral carcinoma in patients with leukoplakia of the oral mucosa. Cancer. 1967;20(12):2189-93.
  • 7. Pindborg JJ, Jolst O, Renstrup G, Roed-Petersen B. Studies in oral leukoplakia: a preliminary report on the period pervalence of malignant transformation in leukoplakia based on a follow-up study of 248 patients. J Am Dent Assoc. 1968;76(4):767-71.
  • 8. Gangadharan P, Paymaster JC. Leukoplakia--an epidemiologic study of 1504 cases observed at the Tata Memorial Hospital, Bombay, India. Br J Cancer. 1971;25(4):657-68.
  • 9. Roed-Petersen B. Cancer development in oral leukoplakia follow-up of 331 patients. J Dent Res. 1971; 50(3):711–2.
  • 10. Silverman S, Bhargava K, Smith LW, Malaowalla AM. Malignant transformation and natural history of oral leukoplakia in 57,518 industrial workers of Gujarat, India. Cancer. 1976;38(4):1790-5.
  • 11. Bánóczy J. Follow-up studies in oral leukoplakia. J Maxillofac Surg. 1977;5(1):69-75.
  • 12. Kramer IR, El-Labban N, Lee KW. The clinical features and risk of malignant transformation in sublingual keratosis. Br Dent J. 1978;144(6):171-80.
  • 13. Pogrel MA. Sublingual keratosis and malignant transformation. J Oral Pathol. 1979;8(3):176-8.
  • 14. Gupta PC, Mehta FS, Daftary DK, et al. Incidence rates of oral cancer and natural history of oral precancerous lesions in a 10-year follow-up study of Indian villagers. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1980;8(6):283-333.
  • 15. Roch-Berry CS. Malignant changes in glossal leukoplakia. Clin Radiol. 1981;32(6):693-4.
  • 16. Silverman S Jr, Gorsky M, Lozada F. Oral leukoplakia and malignant transformation. A follow-up study of 257 patients. Cancer. 1984;53(3):563-8.
  • 17. Lind PO. Malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia. Scand J Dent Res. 1987;95(6):449-55.
  • 18. Hogewind WF, van der Kwast WA, van der Waal I. Oral leukoplakia, with emphasis on malignant transformation. A follow-up study of 46 patients. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 1989;17(3):128-33.
  • 19. Shi HB. Analysis of malignancy change of oral leukoplakia. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue. 1992;1(2):63-5.
  • 20. Schepman KP, van der Meij EH, Smeele LE, van der Waal I. Malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia: a follow-up study of a hospital-based population of 166 patients with oral leukoplakia from The Netherlands. Oral Oncol. 1998;34(4):270-5.
  • 21. Ge HB, Sun Z, Shen SL. A clinical analysis of 211 oral leukoplakia. Beijing J Stomatol. 1999 3: 11–12.
  • 22. Saito T, Sugiura C, Hirai A, et al. High malignant transformation rate of widespread multiple oral leukoplakias. Oral Dis. 1999;5(1):15-9.
  • 23. Guan XB, Sun Z, Wang JB. Preliminary study on the relationship between smoking, malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia. Beijing J Stomatol. 2001 3: 123–124.
  • 24. Napier SS, Cowan CG, Gregg TA, Stevenson M, Lamey PJ, Toner PG. Potentially malignant oral lesions in Northern Ireland: size (extent) matters. Oral Dis. 2003;9(3):129-37.
  • 25. Mishra M, Mohanty J, Sengupta S, Tripathy S. Epidemiological and clinicopathological study of oral leukoplakia. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2005;71(3):161-5.
  • 26. Lee JJ, Hung HC, Cheng SJ, et al. Carcinoma and dysplasia in oral leukoplakias in Taiwan: prevalence and risk factors. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006;101(4):472-80.
  • 27. Hsue SS, Wang WC, Chen CH, Lin CC, Chen YK, Lin LM. Malignant transformation in 1458 patients with potentially malignant oral mucosal disorders: a follow-up study based in a Taiwanese hospital. J Oral Pathol Med. 2007;36(1):25-9.
  • 28. Arduino PG, Surace A, Carbone M, et al. Outcome of oral dysplasia: a retrospective hospital-based study of 207 patients with a long follow-up. J Oral Pathol Med. 2009;38(6):540-4.
  • 29. Lan AX, Guan XB, Sun Z. Analysis of risk factors for carcinogenesis of oral leukoplakia. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2009;44(6):327-31.
  • 30. Zhu QS, Miao QA, Zhi KQ, Wang YC. A clinical analysis of 150 oral leukoplakia abstract. J Clin Stomatol 2009; 5:311–312.
  • 31. Liu W, Wang YF, Zhou HW, Shi P, Zhou ZT, Tang GY. Malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia: a retrospective cohort study of 218 Chinese patients. BMC Cancer. 2010;10:685.
  • 32. Wang YF, Shang S, Zhou ZT, Tang GY. A retrospective analysis on the malignant transformation rate, time and risk factors of oral leukoplakia. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue. 2011;20(1):55-61.
  • 33. Warnakulasuriya S, Kovacevic T, Madden P, et al. Factors predicting malignant transformation in oral potentially malignant disorders among patients accrued over a 10-year period in South East England. J Oral Pathol Med. 2011;40(9):677-83.
  • 34. Brzak BL, Mravak-Stipetić M, Canjuga I, et al. The frequency and malignant transformation rate of oral lichen planus and leukoplakia--a retrospective study. Coll Antropol. 2012;36(3):773-7.
  • 35. Gao Y, Guo ZL, Luo HY, Wang J. Clinicopathological characteristics of malignant transformation in 85 cases of oral leukoplakia. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2012;47(7):410-3.
  • 36. Ho MW, Risk JM, Woolgar JA, et al. The clinical determinants of malignant transformation in oral epithelial dysplasia. Oral Oncol. 2012;48(10):969-976.
  • 37. Liu W, Shi LJ, Wu L, Feng JQ, Yang X, Li J, Zhou ZT, Zhang CP. Oral cancer development in patients with leukoplakia--clinicopathological factors affecting outcome. PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e34773.
  • 38. Lian IeB, Tseng YT, Su CC, Tsai KY. Progression of precancerous lesions to oral cancer: results based on the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database. Oral Oncol. 2013;49(5):427-30.
  • 39. Brouns E, Baart J, Karagozoglu KH, Aartman I, Bloemena E, van der Waal I. Malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia in a well-defined cohort of 144 patients. Oral Dis. 2014;20(3):e19-24.
  • 40. Kil TJ, Kim HS, Kim HJ, Nam W, Cha IH. Genetic Abnormalities in Oral Leukoplakia and Oral Cancer Progression. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016;17(6):3001-6.
  • 41. Wang TY, Chiu YW, Chen YT, et al. Malignant transformation of Taiwanese patients with oral leukoplakia: A nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study. J Formos Med Assoc. 2018;117(5):374-380.
  • 42. Gandara-Vila P, Perez-Sayans M, Suarez-Penaranda JM, et al. Survival study of leukoplakia malignant transformation in a region of northern Spain. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2018;23(4):e413-e420.
  • 43. Holmstrup P, Vedtofte P, Reibel J, Stoltze K. Long-term treatment outcome of oral premalignant lesions. Oral Oncol. 2006;42(5):461-74.

Clinicopathological Parameters Related to Malignant Transformation of Oral Leukoplakia: A Meta-Analysis

Year 2021, , 197 - 204, 31.05.2021

Alberto Rodriguez-archilla , Cristina Fuentes-perez

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.853865

Abstract

Objective. To assess the clinical-pathological factors related to the malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia. Materials and Methods. A search for articles on malignant transformation factors related to oral leukoplakia was conducted in the following electronic databases: PubMed (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library), Web of Science (WoS) and Google Scholar. Thirty-seven articles with a low-moderate risk of bias according to the Newcastle-Ottawa methodological quality scale were included in this meta-analysis. The data were analyzed using the statistical programs RevMan 5.4 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK) and MedCalc Statistical Software version 16.4.3 (MedCalc Software Ltd. Ostend, Belgium) programs. The estimated prevalence was calculated according to DerSimonian and Laird random method. For dichotomous outcomes, the estimates of effects of an intervention were expressed as odds ratios (OR) using the Mantel-Haenszel (M-H) method with 95% confidence intervals. Results. The estimated global prevalence of malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia was 9.15%. The factors with the highest malignant transformation risk of oral leukoplakia were: non-homogeneous clinical types (OR: 5.41; p<0.001); leukoplakias with moderate-severe dysplasia (OR: 3.43; p<0.001); lesions located on the tongue and/or the floor of the mouth (OR: 3.19; p<0.001); leukoplakias in non-smokers (OR: 2.08; p<0.001) and lesions in women (OR: 1.73; p<0.001). In contrast, older age or regular alcohol intake were factors without significant influence (p>0.05).Conclusions. Non-homogenous oral leukoplakias and with moderate-severe dysplasia are those with the highest probability of malignant transformation.

Keywords

cell transformation, neoplastic epidemiology leukoplakia, oral risk factors

References

  • 1. Warnakulasuriya S, Johnson NW, van der Waal I. Nomenclature and classification of potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa. J Oral Pathol Med. 2007;36(10):575-80.
  • 2. Ganesh D, Sreenivasan P, Öhman J, Wallström M, Braz-Silva PH, Giglio D, Kjeller G, Hasséus B. Potentially Malignant Oral Disorders and Cancer Transformation. Anticancer Res. 2018;38(6):3223-3229.
  • 3. Arduino PG, Bagan J, El-Naggar AK, Carrozzo M. Urban legends series: oral leukoplakia. Oral Dis. 2013;19(7):642-59.
  • 4. Warnakulasuriya S, Ariyawardana A. Malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia: a systematic review of observational studies. J Oral Pathol Med. 2016;45(3):155-66.
  • 5. Wells G, Shea B, O’Connell D, Peterson J, Welch V, Losos M, Tugwell P. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses [Internet]. Ottawa (Canada): The Ottawa Hospital. Available from: http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical_epidemiology/oxford.asp.
  • 6. Einhorn J, Wersall J. Incidence of oral carcinoma in patients with leukoplakia of the oral mucosa. Cancer. 1967;20(12):2189-93.
  • 7. Pindborg JJ, Jolst O, Renstrup G, Roed-Petersen B. Studies in oral leukoplakia: a preliminary report on the period pervalence of malignant transformation in leukoplakia based on a follow-up study of 248 patients. J Am Dent Assoc. 1968;76(4):767-71.
  • 8. Gangadharan P, Paymaster JC. Leukoplakia--an epidemiologic study of 1504 cases observed at the Tata Memorial Hospital, Bombay, India. Br J Cancer. 1971;25(4):657-68.
  • 9. Roed-Petersen B. Cancer development in oral leukoplakia follow-up of 331 patients. J Dent Res. 1971; 50(3):711–2.
  • 10. Silverman S, Bhargava K, Smith LW, Malaowalla AM. Malignant transformation and natural history of oral leukoplakia in 57,518 industrial workers of Gujarat, India. Cancer. 1976;38(4):1790-5.
  • 11. Bánóczy J. Follow-up studies in oral leukoplakia. J Maxillofac Surg. 1977;5(1):69-75.
  • 12. Kramer IR, El-Labban N, Lee KW. The clinical features and risk of malignant transformation in sublingual keratosis. Br Dent J. 1978;144(6):171-80.
  • 13. Pogrel MA. Sublingual keratosis and malignant transformation. J Oral Pathol. 1979;8(3):176-8.
  • 14. Gupta PC, Mehta FS, Daftary DK, et al. Incidence rates of oral cancer and natural history of oral precancerous lesions in a 10-year follow-up study of Indian villagers. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1980;8(6):283-333.
  • 15. Roch-Berry CS. Malignant changes in glossal leukoplakia. Clin Radiol. 1981;32(6):693-4.
  • 16. Silverman S Jr, Gorsky M, Lozada F. Oral leukoplakia and malignant transformation. A follow-up study of 257 patients. Cancer. 1984;53(3):563-8.
  • 17. Lind PO. Malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia. Scand J Dent Res. 1987;95(6):449-55.
  • 18. Hogewind WF, van der Kwast WA, van der Waal I. Oral leukoplakia, with emphasis on malignant transformation. A follow-up study of 46 patients. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 1989;17(3):128-33.
  • 19. Shi HB. Analysis of malignancy change of oral leukoplakia. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue. 1992;1(2):63-5.
  • 20. Schepman KP, van der Meij EH, Smeele LE, van der Waal I. Malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia: a follow-up study of a hospital-based population of 166 patients with oral leukoplakia from The Netherlands. Oral Oncol. 1998;34(4):270-5.
  • 21. Ge HB, Sun Z, Shen SL. A clinical analysis of 211 oral leukoplakia. Beijing J Stomatol. 1999 3: 11–12.
  • 22. Saito T, Sugiura C, Hirai A, et al. High malignant transformation rate of widespread multiple oral leukoplakias. Oral Dis. 1999;5(1):15-9.
  • 23. Guan XB, Sun Z, Wang JB. Preliminary study on the relationship between smoking, malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia. Beijing J Stomatol. 2001 3: 123–124.
  • 24. Napier SS, Cowan CG, Gregg TA, Stevenson M, Lamey PJ, Toner PG. Potentially malignant oral lesions in Northern Ireland: size (extent) matters. Oral Dis. 2003;9(3):129-37.
  • 25. Mishra M, Mohanty J, Sengupta S, Tripathy S. Epidemiological and clinicopathological study of oral leukoplakia. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2005;71(3):161-5.
  • 26. Lee JJ, Hung HC, Cheng SJ, et al. Carcinoma and dysplasia in oral leukoplakias in Taiwan: prevalence and risk factors. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006;101(4):472-80.
  • 27. Hsue SS, Wang WC, Chen CH, Lin CC, Chen YK, Lin LM. Malignant transformation in 1458 patients with potentially malignant oral mucosal disorders: a follow-up study based in a Taiwanese hospital. J Oral Pathol Med. 2007;36(1):25-9.
  • 28. Arduino PG, Surace A, Carbone M, et al. Outcome of oral dysplasia: a retrospective hospital-based study of 207 patients with a long follow-up. J Oral Pathol Med. 2009;38(6):540-4.
  • 29. Lan AX, Guan XB, Sun Z. Analysis of risk factors for carcinogenesis of oral leukoplakia. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2009;44(6):327-31.
  • 30. Zhu QS, Miao QA, Zhi KQ, Wang YC. A clinical analysis of 150 oral leukoplakia abstract. J Clin Stomatol 2009; 5:311–312.
  • 31. Liu W, Wang YF, Zhou HW, Shi P, Zhou ZT, Tang GY. Malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia: a retrospective cohort study of 218 Chinese patients. BMC Cancer. 2010;10:685.
  • 32. Wang YF, Shang S, Zhou ZT, Tang GY. A retrospective analysis on the malignant transformation rate, time and risk factors of oral leukoplakia. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue. 2011;20(1):55-61.
  • 33. Warnakulasuriya S, Kovacevic T, Madden P, et al. Factors predicting malignant transformation in oral potentially malignant disorders among patients accrued over a 10-year period in South East England. J Oral Pathol Med. 2011;40(9):677-83.
  • 34. Brzak BL, Mravak-Stipetić M, Canjuga I, et al. The frequency and malignant transformation rate of oral lichen planus and leukoplakia--a retrospective study. Coll Antropol. 2012;36(3):773-7.
  • 35. Gao Y, Guo ZL, Luo HY, Wang J. Clinicopathological characteristics of malignant transformation in 85 cases of oral leukoplakia. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2012;47(7):410-3.
  • 36. Ho MW, Risk JM, Woolgar JA, et al. The clinical determinants of malignant transformation in oral epithelial dysplasia. Oral Oncol. 2012;48(10):969-976.
  • 37. Liu W, Shi LJ, Wu L, Feng JQ, Yang X, Li J, Zhou ZT, Zhang CP. Oral cancer development in patients with leukoplakia--clinicopathological factors affecting outcome. PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e34773.
  • 38. Lian IeB, Tseng YT, Su CC, Tsai KY. Progression of precancerous lesions to oral cancer: results based on the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database. Oral Oncol. 2013;49(5):427-30.
  • 39. Brouns E, Baart J, Karagozoglu KH, Aartman I, Bloemena E, van der Waal I. Malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia in a well-defined cohort of 144 patients. Oral Dis. 2014;20(3):e19-24.
  • 40. Kil TJ, Kim HS, Kim HJ, Nam W, Cha IH. Genetic Abnormalities in Oral Leukoplakia and Oral Cancer Progression. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016;17(6):3001-6.
  • 41. Wang TY, Chiu YW, Chen YT, et al. Malignant transformation of Taiwanese patients with oral leukoplakia: A nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study. J Formos Med Assoc. 2018;117(5):374-380.
  • 42. Gandara-Vila P, Perez-Sayans M, Suarez-Penaranda JM, et al. Survival study of leukoplakia malignant transformation in a region of northern Spain. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2018;23(4):e413-e420.
  • 43. Holmstrup P, Vedtofte P, Reibel J, Stoltze K. Long-term treatment outcome of oral premalignant lesions. Oral Oncol. 2006;42(5):461-74.
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Review
Authors

Alberto Rodriguez-archilla 0000-0003-1023-943X

Cristina Fuentes-perez 0000-0002-5764-1525

Publication Date May 31, 2021
Submission Date January 4, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021

Cite

EndNote Rodriguez-archilla A, Fuentes-perez C (May 1, 2021) Clinicopathological Parameters Related to Malignant Transformation of Oral Leukoplakia: A Meta-Analysis. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 24 2 197–204.

Cumhuriyet Dental Journal (Cumhuriyet Dent J, CDJ) is the official publication of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry. CDJ is an international journal dedicated to the latest advancement of dentistry. The aim of this journal is to provide a platform for scientists and academicians all over the world to promote, share, and discuss various new issues and developments in different areas of dentistry. First issue of the Journal of Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry was published in 1998. In 2010, journal's name was changed as Cumhuriyet Dental Journal. Journal’s publication language is English.


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