Abstract
INTRODUCTION; The treatment of Periodontal disease in Diabetic subjects should also focus on lowering blood glucose levels, which might act as an adjuvant to conventional Periodontal treatment. In the form of Probiotics, Bacterial therapy offers a dual role in controlling blood glycemic levels and reducing colonization of oral bacteria. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics in managing Periodontitis among Diabetic and Non-Diabetic subjects.
METHODOLOGY; This study was designed as a randomized, double-blinded clinical trial among Diabetic and Non-diabetic subjects with Periodontitis. Twenty-four subjects in each Diabetic and non-diabetic group were randomly assigned into two probiotic test sub-groups and one placebo sub-group. Lactobacillus fermentum MCC2760 and Bifidobacterium longum NCIM5684 probiotic chewing gums were provided to subjects in test groups to use twice a day for 30 days. Supragingival plaque samples were collected at baseline and 30 days to analyze total bacterial count and subgingival plaque for P.gingivalis, A.actinomycetemcomitans through qPCR. Clinical parameters were recorded at baseline, 30, 45, and 90 days.
RESULTS; After 30 days, a significant reduction in PI, GI, PPD, and Gingival bleeding Index was observed in SRP and SRP+Probiotic groups. There is a significant reduction in total bacterial count among probiotic groups compared to placebo. PCR analysis revealed non-significant reduction of p.gingivalis and A.actinomycetemcomitans in test groups. Intergroup comparison between Diabetic and Non-diabetic groups did not show any significant differences either in clinical or microbial parameters.
CONCLUSION; Probiotic functional foods can be delivered as an adjunct to SRP to manage Periodontitis in systemically compromised subjects. Long-time use of probiotics is recommended to maintain the recolonization of bacteria in periodontal tissues.
Keywords
Probiotics Lactobacillus fermentum Bifidobacterium longum Porphyromonas gingivalis Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Supporting Institution
JSS Dental College
Project Number
03
References
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- Reference 2. Chandra A, Yadav OP, Narula S, Dutta A. Epidemiology of periodontal diseases in Indian population since last decade. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2016;6:91–6.
- Reference 3. Malik G, Lehl G, Talwar M. Gaurav Malik, Gurvanit Lehl, Manjit Talwar. Association of Priodontitis with diabetes mellitus: a review.J of medical college chandigarh;2011;1.
- Reference 4. Preshaw PM, Alba AL, Herrera D, Jepsen S, Konstantinidis A, Makrilakis K, et al. Periodontitis and diabetes: A two-way relationship. Diabetologia. 2012;55:21–31.
- Reference 5. Jindal V, Mahajan N, Goel A, Kaur R, Mahajan A, Malhotra P. Clinical efficacy of probiotic mouthwash in the treatment of gingivitis patients in Himachal population. J Int Clin Dent Res Organ. 2017;9:41.
- Reference 6. Hill C, Guarner F, Reid G, Gibson GR, Merenstein DJ, Pot B, et al. Expert consensus document: The international scientific association for probiotics and prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;11:506–14.
- Reference 7. Nguyen T, Brody H, Radaic A, Kapila Y. Probiotics for periodontal health—Current molecular findings. Periodontol 2000. 2021;87:254–67. Reference 8. Kocsis T, Molnár B, Németh D, Hegyi P, Szakács Z, Bálint A, et al. Probiotics have beneficial metabolic effects in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Sci Rep. 2020;10:1–14.
- Reference 9. MP S, Bhatia A. Role of functional foods in periodontal health and disease. Indian J Dent Adv. 2011;03:587–92.
- Reference 10. Boutaga K, Van Winkelhoff AJ, Vandenbroucke-Grauls CMJE, Savelkoul PHM. Periodontal pathogens: A quantitative comparison of anaerobic culture and real-time PCR. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2005;45:191–9.
- Reference 11. Arigbede AO, Babatope BO, Bamidele MK. Periodontitis and systemic diseases : A literature review. 2012;16.
- Reference 12. Long J, Cai Q, Steinwandel M, Hargreaves MK, Bordenstein SR, Blot WJ, et al. Association of oral microbiome with type 2 diabetes risk. J Periodontal Res. 2017;52:636–43.
- Reference 13. Olsen I, Yamazaki K. Can oral bacteria affect the microbiome of the gut? J Oral Microbiol. 2019;11.
- Reference 14. Gomes AC, Bueno AA, De Souza RGMH, Mota JF. Gut microbiota, probiotics and diabetes. Nutr J. 2014;13.
- Reference 15. Anusha RL, Umar D, Basheer B, Baroudi K. The magic of magic bugs in oral cavity: Probiotics. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2015;6:43–7.
- Reference 16. Patil MB, Reddy N. Bacteriotherapy and probiotics in dentistry (2006). KSDJ; 2:98-102.
- Reference 17. Galdeano CM, de Moreno de LeBlanc A, Vinderola G, Bonet ME, Perdigón G (2007). Praposed model: mechanisms of immunomodulation induced by probiotic bacteria. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology; 14:485-492.
- Reference 18. Hellström MK. The effect of supragingival plaque control on the subgingival microflora in human periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 1996;23:934–40.
- Reference 19. Invernici MM, Salvador SL, Silva PHF, Soares MSM, Casarin R, Palioto DB, et al. Effects of Bifidobacterium probiotic on the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2018;45:1198–210.
- Reference 20. Chen LJ, Tsai HT, Chen WJ, Hsieh CY, Wang PC, Chen CS, et al. In vitro antagonistic growth effects of lactobacillus fermentum and lactobacillus salivarius and their fermentative broth on periodontal pathogens. Brazilian J Microbiol. 2012;43:1376–84.
- Reference21. Hojo K, Nagaoka S, Murata S, Taketomo N, Ohshima T, Maeda N. Reduction of vitamin K concentration by salivary Bifidobacterium strains and their possible nutritional competition with Porphyromonas gingivalis. J Appl Microbiol. 2007;103:1969–74.
Abstract
Project Number
03
References
- Reference 1. Janakiram C, Mehta A, Venkitachalam R. Prevalence of periodontal disease among adults in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Oral Biol Craniofacial Res . 2020;10:800–6.
- Reference 2. Chandra A, Yadav OP, Narula S, Dutta A. Epidemiology of periodontal diseases in Indian population since last decade. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2016;6:91–6.
- Reference 3. Malik G, Lehl G, Talwar M. Gaurav Malik, Gurvanit Lehl, Manjit Talwar. Association of Priodontitis with diabetes mellitus: a review.J of medical college chandigarh;2011;1.
- Reference 4. Preshaw PM, Alba AL, Herrera D, Jepsen S, Konstantinidis A, Makrilakis K, et al. Periodontitis and diabetes: A two-way relationship. Diabetologia. 2012;55:21–31.
- Reference 5. Jindal V, Mahajan N, Goel A, Kaur R, Mahajan A, Malhotra P. Clinical efficacy of probiotic mouthwash in the treatment of gingivitis patients in Himachal population. J Int Clin Dent Res Organ. 2017;9:41.
- Reference 6. Hill C, Guarner F, Reid G, Gibson GR, Merenstein DJ, Pot B, et al. Expert consensus document: The international scientific association for probiotics and prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;11:506–14.
- Reference 7. Nguyen T, Brody H, Radaic A, Kapila Y. Probiotics for periodontal health—Current molecular findings. Periodontol 2000. 2021;87:254–67. Reference 8. Kocsis T, Molnár B, Németh D, Hegyi P, Szakács Z, Bálint A, et al. Probiotics have beneficial metabolic effects in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Sci Rep. 2020;10:1–14.
- Reference 9. MP S, Bhatia A. Role of functional foods in periodontal health and disease. Indian J Dent Adv. 2011;03:587–92.
- Reference 10. Boutaga K, Van Winkelhoff AJ, Vandenbroucke-Grauls CMJE, Savelkoul PHM. Periodontal pathogens: A quantitative comparison of anaerobic culture and real-time PCR. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2005;45:191–9.
- Reference 11. Arigbede AO, Babatope BO, Bamidele MK. Periodontitis and systemic diseases : A literature review. 2012;16.
- Reference 12. Long J, Cai Q, Steinwandel M, Hargreaves MK, Bordenstein SR, Blot WJ, et al. Association of oral microbiome with type 2 diabetes risk. J Periodontal Res. 2017;52:636–43.
- Reference 13. Olsen I, Yamazaki K. Can oral bacteria affect the microbiome of the gut? J Oral Microbiol. 2019;11.
- Reference 14. Gomes AC, Bueno AA, De Souza RGMH, Mota JF. Gut microbiota, probiotics and diabetes. Nutr J. 2014;13.
- Reference 15. Anusha RL, Umar D, Basheer B, Baroudi K. The magic of magic bugs in oral cavity: Probiotics. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2015;6:43–7.
- Reference 16. Patil MB, Reddy N. Bacteriotherapy and probiotics in dentistry (2006). KSDJ; 2:98-102.
- Reference 17. Galdeano CM, de Moreno de LeBlanc A, Vinderola G, Bonet ME, Perdigón G (2007). Praposed model: mechanisms of immunomodulation induced by probiotic bacteria. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology; 14:485-492.
- Reference 18. Hellström MK. The effect of supragingival plaque control on the subgingival microflora in human periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 1996;23:934–40.
- Reference 19. Invernici MM, Salvador SL, Silva PHF, Soares MSM, Casarin R, Palioto DB, et al. Effects of Bifidobacterium probiotic on the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2018;45:1198–210.
- Reference 20. Chen LJ, Tsai HT, Chen WJ, Hsieh CY, Wang PC, Chen CS, et al. In vitro antagonistic growth effects of lactobacillus fermentum and lactobacillus salivarius and their fermentative broth on periodontal pathogens. Brazilian J Microbiol. 2012;43:1376–84.
- Reference21. Hojo K, Nagaoka S, Murata S, Taketomo N, Ohshima T, Maeda N. Reduction of vitamin K concentration by salivary Bifidobacterium strains and their possible nutritional competition with Porphyromonas gingivalis. J Appl Microbiol. 2007;103:1969–74.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Original Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | 03 |
| Publication Date | September 29, 2023 |
| Submission Date | April 3, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 |
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