Araştırma Makalesi
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 6 Sayı: 6, 694 - 699, 01.11.2023
Öz
This study was carried out to determine the biomass potential, energy value, bio-composting material and composting possibilities produced from plant and animal residues in Samsun. Samsun is a province of Türkiye in the Black Sea region. Samsun province has 17 districts. Residue amounts of agricultural products grown in Samsun were calculated using the Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK) 2021 and year product production data, Türkiye Biomass Energy Potential Atlas (BEPA) 2021 biomass data. The total amount of agricultural waste is approximately 877.812 tons wheat 254.154 tons, paddy 132,891 tons, maize 53.861 tons and oat 47.797 tons in cereals in fruits, hazelnut is 66.363 tons and peach is 125.065 tons. Total heating value was found as 5.439.003 GJ. Hazelnut was the highest contributor to this value with 27% as fruit for cereals, it was maize with 17.14%. The energy equivalents of the biomass amounts are respectively; 37.34% hazelnut, 24% paddy, 10% wheat, 17.4% maize and 11.26% other plants were found.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Biomass Sustainably energy Agricultural residues Bio-composite
Kaynakça
- Acar M, Dönmez A. 2019. Kenevire farklı bir bakış. Karadeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Yayınları, Samsun, Türkiye, ss: 1-5.
- Almenar E, Samsudin H, Auras R, Harte B, Rubino M. 2008. Postharvest shelf-life extension of blueberries using a biodegradable package. Food Chem, 110(1): 120-127.
- Ayhan Z. 2012. Gıda mühendisliğinde ısıl olmayan teknolojiler. In: Baysal T, İçier F, editors. Gıda mühendisliğinde ısıl olmayan teknolojiler, Nobel Yayınları, İstanbul, Türkiye, ss: 43-77.
- Balasubramani R, Mnkeni P. 2016. Identification and fate of antibiotic residue degradation during composting and vermicomposting of chicken manure. Inter J Environ Sci Technol, 14: 263–270.
- Baran MF, Lüle F, Gökdoğan O, 2017. Adıyaman ilinin hayvansal atıklardan elde edilebilecek enerji potansiyeli. Türk Tarım Doğa Bilim Derg, 4(3): 245-249.
- Boonmee C, Kositanont C, Leejarkpai, T. 2016. Degradation of poly (lactic acid) under simulated landfill conditions. Environ Nat Res J, 14(2): 1–9.
- Cha DS, Chinnan MS. 2004. Biopolymer-based antimicrobial packaging: A review. Critical Rev Food Sci Nutr, 44(4): 223-237.
- Demirbas A. 2002. Relationships between heating value and lignin, moisture, ash and extractive contents of biomass fuels. Energy Explorat Exploit, 20(1): 105-111.
- El-Sayed MA. 2006. Physical and chemical properties of rice straw ash and its effect on the cement paste produced from different cement types. J King Saud Univ, 19: 21-30.
- Gupta JJ, Doley S, Bujarbaruah KM. 2007. Evaluation of forage based feeding system for rabbit production in northeastern region of India. Indian J Anim Nutr, 24 (4): 216-218.
- Gümüs H, Bayır AH. 2020. Hasılmatikte üretilen arpa ve yulaf yeşil hasılının farklı günlerdeki besin madde değerleri. MAKU J Health Sci Inst, 8(2): 30-36.
- Karaca G, Gurdil AK, Ozturk H. 2017. The Biomass Energy from Agricultural Production in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. 3. Inter Conference on Environmental Sci Technol. 184-189.
- Kopcic N, Domanovac MV, Kucic D, Briski F. 2014. Evaluation of laboratory-scale in-vessel co-composting of tobacco and apple waste. Waste Manage, 34 (2): 323-328.
- Liou T, Wu S. 2009. Characteristics of microporous/mesoporous carbons prepared from rice husk under base- and acid-treated conditions. J Hazardous Mater, 171(1–3): 693-703.
- Liu Z, Wang Z, Cao Y, Ren H. 2015. The utilization of soybean straw. I. fiber morphology and chemical characteristics. BioResources, 10 (2): 2266-2280.
- Lüle F. 2019. Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgesinin hayvansal atıklardan elde edilebilecek enerji potansiyeli. ÇOMÜ Zir Fak Derg, 7(1): 145-150.
- Mariano M, El Kissi N, Dufresne A. 2014. Cellulose nanocrystals and related nanocomposites: Review of some properties and challenges. J Polymer Sci Part B-Polymer Phys, 52: 791-806.
- Mijallovic I, Radojicic V, Ecim-djuric O, Stefanovic G, Kulic G. 2014. Energy potential of tobacco stalks in briquettes and pellets production. J Environ Protect Ecol, 15(3): 1034–1041.
- Nakkliang K, Areesantichai C, Rungsihirunrat K. 2022. Assessment of pharmacognostic specification of Cannabis sativa leaves in Thailand. J Adv Pharm Technol Res, 13: 226-231.
- Pirlogea C, Cicea C. 2012. Econometric perspective of the energy consumption and economic growth relation in European Union Renew. Sustain Energy Rev, 16: 5718-5726.
- Ravindran B, Contreras-Ramos SM, Wong JWC, Selvam A, Sekaran G. 2014. Nutrient and enzymatic changes of hydrolysed tannery solid waste treated with epigeic earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae and phytotoxicity assessment on selected commercial crops. Environ Sci Pollut Res, 21(1): 641–651.
- Shilev S, Naydenov M, Vancheva V, Aladjadjiyan A. 2007. Composting of food and agricultural wastes. In: Oreopoulou V, Russ W, editors. Utilization of By-Products and Treatment of Wastes in the Food Industry. Springer, London, UK, pp: 283-301.
- Solowieja P, Neugebauera MJ, Dachb Czekałab W, Janczak D. 2017. The influence of substrate C:N ratios on heat generation during the composting process of sewage sludge. Inter J Smart Grid Clean Ener, 6 (1): 61-66.
- Suthar S. 2008. Bioconversion of postharvest crop residues and cattle shed manure into value-added products using earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae Kinberg. Ecol Engin, 32(3): 206-214.
- Tabrika K, Azim Mayad EH, Zaafrani, M 2019. Composting of tomato plant residues: improvement of composting process and compost quality by integration of sheep manure. Organic Agri, 10: 229–242.
- Tripetchkul S, Pundee K, Koonsrisuk S, Akeprathumchai S, 2012. Co-composting of coir pith and cow manure: initial C/N ratio vs physico-chemical changes. Inter J Recycling Organic Waste Agri, 1(15): 2-8.
- Uygun S, 2012. Evaluation of the mechanization applications in some compost production facilities in Turkey. MSc. Thesis, Institute of Sciece, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye, pp: 87.
- Wang L, Skreiberg Q, Becida M, Li H. 2014. Sintering of rye straw ash and effect of additives. Energy Procedia, 61: 2008-2011.
- Wu C, Luo Fan X, Wang W, Wen Y. 2019. Evaluation of the potential of tobacco stalk pulp to substitute hardwood pulp for tobacco sheet preparation. Cellulose Chem Technol, 53(9-10): 1009-1015.
- Wu TY, Lim SL, Lim PN, Shak KPY. 2014. Biotransformation of biodegradable solid wastes into organic fertilizers using composting or/and Vermicomposting. Chem Eng Trans, 39: 1579–1584.
- Zhang T, Liu L, Song Z, Ren G, Feng Y, Han X, Yang G. 2013. Biogas production by co-digestion of goat manure with three crop residues. PLoS One, 8(6): e66845.
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 6 Sayı: 6, 694 - 699, 01.11.2023
Öz
Kaynakça
- Acar M, Dönmez A. 2019. Kenevire farklı bir bakış. Karadeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Yayınları, Samsun, Türkiye, ss: 1-5.
- Almenar E, Samsudin H, Auras R, Harte B, Rubino M. 2008. Postharvest shelf-life extension of blueberries using a biodegradable package. Food Chem, 110(1): 120-127.
- Ayhan Z. 2012. Gıda mühendisliğinde ısıl olmayan teknolojiler. In: Baysal T, İçier F, editors. Gıda mühendisliğinde ısıl olmayan teknolojiler, Nobel Yayınları, İstanbul, Türkiye, ss: 43-77.
- Balasubramani R, Mnkeni P. 2016. Identification and fate of antibiotic residue degradation during composting and vermicomposting of chicken manure. Inter J Environ Sci Technol, 14: 263–270.
- Baran MF, Lüle F, Gökdoğan O, 2017. Adıyaman ilinin hayvansal atıklardan elde edilebilecek enerji potansiyeli. Türk Tarım Doğa Bilim Derg, 4(3): 245-249.
- Boonmee C, Kositanont C, Leejarkpai, T. 2016. Degradation of poly (lactic acid) under simulated landfill conditions. Environ Nat Res J, 14(2): 1–9.
- Cha DS, Chinnan MS. 2004. Biopolymer-based antimicrobial packaging: A review. Critical Rev Food Sci Nutr, 44(4): 223-237.
- Demirbas A. 2002. Relationships between heating value and lignin, moisture, ash and extractive contents of biomass fuels. Energy Explorat Exploit, 20(1): 105-111.
- El-Sayed MA. 2006. Physical and chemical properties of rice straw ash and its effect on the cement paste produced from different cement types. J King Saud Univ, 19: 21-30.
- Gupta JJ, Doley S, Bujarbaruah KM. 2007. Evaluation of forage based feeding system for rabbit production in northeastern region of India. Indian J Anim Nutr, 24 (4): 216-218.
- Gümüs H, Bayır AH. 2020. Hasılmatikte üretilen arpa ve yulaf yeşil hasılının farklı günlerdeki besin madde değerleri. MAKU J Health Sci Inst, 8(2): 30-36.
- Karaca G, Gurdil AK, Ozturk H. 2017. The Biomass Energy from Agricultural Production in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. 3. Inter Conference on Environmental Sci Technol. 184-189.
- Kopcic N, Domanovac MV, Kucic D, Briski F. 2014. Evaluation of laboratory-scale in-vessel co-composting of tobacco and apple waste. Waste Manage, 34 (2): 323-328.
- Liou T, Wu S. 2009. Characteristics of microporous/mesoporous carbons prepared from rice husk under base- and acid-treated conditions. J Hazardous Mater, 171(1–3): 693-703.
- Liu Z, Wang Z, Cao Y, Ren H. 2015. The utilization of soybean straw. I. fiber morphology and chemical characteristics. BioResources, 10 (2): 2266-2280.
- Lüle F. 2019. Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgesinin hayvansal atıklardan elde edilebilecek enerji potansiyeli. ÇOMÜ Zir Fak Derg, 7(1): 145-150.
- Mariano M, El Kissi N, Dufresne A. 2014. Cellulose nanocrystals and related nanocomposites: Review of some properties and challenges. J Polymer Sci Part B-Polymer Phys, 52: 791-806.
- Mijallovic I, Radojicic V, Ecim-djuric O, Stefanovic G, Kulic G. 2014. Energy potential of tobacco stalks in briquettes and pellets production. J Environ Protect Ecol, 15(3): 1034–1041.
- Nakkliang K, Areesantichai C, Rungsihirunrat K. 2022. Assessment of pharmacognostic specification of Cannabis sativa leaves in Thailand. J Adv Pharm Technol Res, 13: 226-231.
- Pirlogea C, Cicea C. 2012. Econometric perspective of the energy consumption and economic growth relation in European Union Renew. Sustain Energy Rev, 16: 5718-5726.
- Ravindran B, Contreras-Ramos SM, Wong JWC, Selvam A, Sekaran G. 2014. Nutrient and enzymatic changes of hydrolysed tannery solid waste treated with epigeic earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae and phytotoxicity assessment on selected commercial crops. Environ Sci Pollut Res, 21(1): 641–651.
- Shilev S, Naydenov M, Vancheva V, Aladjadjiyan A. 2007. Composting of food and agricultural wastes. In: Oreopoulou V, Russ W, editors. Utilization of By-Products and Treatment of Wastes in the Food Industry. Springer, London, UK, pp: 283-301.
- Solowieja P, Neugebauera MJ, Dachb Czekałab W, Janczak D. 2017. The influence of substrate C:N ratios on heat generation during the composting process of sewage sludge. Inter J Smart Grid Clean Ener, 6 (1): 61-66.
- Suthar S. 2008. Bioconversion of postharvest crop residues and cattle shed manure into value-added products using earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae Kinberg. Ecol Engin, 32(3): 206-214.
- Tabrika K, Azim Mayad EH, Zaafrani, M 2019. Composting of tomato plant residues: improvement of composting process and compost quality by integration of sheep manure. Organic Agri, 10: 229–242.
- Tripetchkul S, Pundee K, Koonsrisuk S, Akeprathumchai S, 2012. Co-composting of coir pith and cow manure: initial C/N ratio vs physico-chemical changes. Inter J Recycling Organic Waste Agri, 1(15): 2-8.
- Uygun S, 2012. Evaluation of the mechanization applications in some compost production facilities in Turkey. MSc. Thesis, Institute of Sciece, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye, pp: 87.
- Wang L, Skreiberg Q, Becida M, Li H. 2014. Sintering of rye straw ash and effect of additives. Energy Procedia, 61: 2008-2011.
- Wu C, Luo Fan X, Wang W, Wen Y. 2019. Evaluation of the potential of tobacco stalk pulp to substitute hardwood pulp for tobacco sheet preparation. Cellulose Chem Technol, 53(9-10): 1009-1015.
- Wu TY, Lim SL, Lim PN, Shak KPY. 2014. Biotransformation of biodegradable solid wastes into organic fertilizers using composting or/and Vermicomposting. Chem Eng Trans, 39: 1579–1584.
- Zhang T, Liu L, Song Z, Ren G, Feng Y, Han X, Yang G. 2013. Biogas production by co-digestion of goat manure with three crop residues. PLoS One, 8(6): e66845.
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Biyosistem, Tarımsal Enerji Sistemleri |
| Bölüm | Research Articles |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Kasım 2023 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 11 Ekim 2023 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 29 Ekim 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 6 |
