Öz
Amaç: Erken çocukluk çağı çürüklerinin risk faktörleri; doğum şekli, maternal faktörler, ailelerin tutumları ve farkındalıkları ve beslenme alışkanlıkları ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, küçük çocuklarda doğum şekli, maternal faktörler ve diş çürükleri arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya Başkent Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Pedodonti Anabilim Dalı’na diş tedavisi için başvuran toplam 150 aile ve 2-12 yaş arasındaki çocukları dahil edildi. Annelerden 13 soruluk bir anket doldurmaları istendi. Çocukların ve annelerinin çürük prevalansı dmft indeksi ve DMFT indeksi kullanılarak ölçüldü. Hipoplazi, Modifiye Gelişimsel Mine Defektleri İndeksine göre teşhis edildi. Tanımlayıcı istatistiksel yöntemlerin yanı sıra Mann Whitney U testi, Fisher's Exact Ki-Kare testi kullanıldı. Anlamlılık p<0.05 güven düzeyinde değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Çocukların yaş ortalaması 7.41 ± 2.27 yıldı. Ortalama df indeksi değeri 4.33 ± 4.13, ortalama DMFT indeksi değeri çocuklarda 0.45 ± 1.29, annelerinde 7.91 ± 5.17 idi. Sadece 10 dişte (%11.3) hipoplazi görüldü. Annelerin DMFT indeks değeri ile çocukların dft indeks değeri arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir korelasyon vardı (r: 0.174, p: 0.033; p <0.05). Çocukların dft ve DMFT indeks değerleri ile emzirme, kupa ile besleme ve biberonla besleme türü ve süresi arasında anlamlı bir fark yoktu (p> 0.05). Çocuğun dft ve DMFT indeks değerleri ile doğum zamanı, doğum şekli, doğum ağırlığı arasında ilişki yoktu (p>0.05). Erken doğan çocuklarda hipoplazi insidansı (% 21.4) zamanında doğan çocuklarda hipoplazi insidansından (%9.3) daha yüksekti ancak istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi (p>0.05).
Sonuç: Anneler çocukları için rol modellerdir ve çocuklarının tedavi edilmemiş çürükleri ve diş kayıpları ile ilişkili çürük deneyiminin farkında olmalıdır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Destekleyen Kurum
Başkent Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi
Proje Numarası
Project no: D-KA 12/15
Kaynakça
- 1. Feldens CA, Rodrigues PH, Vitolo GA, Chaffee BW. Feeding frequency in infancy and dental caries in childhood: a prospective cohort study. 2108:68(2):113-121.
- 2. Schüler IM, Haberstroh S, Dawczynski K, Lehmann T, Heinrich-Weltzien R. Dental caries and developmental defects of enamel in the primary dentition of preterm infants: case control observational study. Caries Res 2018;52:22–31.
- 3. Stephen A, Krishnan N, Chalakkal P. The association between cariogenic factors and the occurence of early childhood caries in children from Salem district of India. J Clin and Diagnostic Res. 2017 Jul, Vol-11(7): ZC63-ZC66.
- 4. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry Reference Manual 2002 – 03 Policies on Early Childhood Caries; Unique Challenges and Treatment Options. Pediatr Dent. 2003;23:24–25.
- 5. Evans RW, Feldens CA, Phantuvanit P. A protocol for early childhood caries diagnosis and risk assessment. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2018;46:518-525.
- 6. İlgen YG, Çoğulu D. Early childhood caries and treatment strategies. Türkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr Dent – Special Topics 2018;4(1):43-9
- 7. Cerit EN, Özer L. Effects of early childhood caries on phsical, psychological development and quality of life. Türkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr Dent – Special Topics 2018;4(1):75-80
- 8. Cabral MBBS, Mota ELA, Cangussu MCT, Vianna MIP, Floriano FR. Risk factors for caries-free time: longitudinal study in early childhood. Rev Saude Publica. 2017;51:118.
- 9. Hisano K, Tanaka K, Nagata C, Arakawa M, Miyake Y. High birthweight is associated with increased prevalence of dental caries in Japanese children. 2018:16(3):404-410.
- 10. Dye BA, Vargas CM, Lee JJ, Magder L, Tinanoff N. Assessing the relationship between children’s oral health status and that of their mothers JADA 2011;142(2):173-183.
- 11. Boustedt K, Roswall J, Twetman S, Dahlgren J. Influence of mode of delivery, family and nursing determinants on early childhood caries development: a prospective cohort study, Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 2018:76:8, 595-599.
- 12. Priyadarshini HR, Fernandes BA, Hiremath S S, Rath A, Shivakumar V, Tegginamani AS. Assessment of maternal risk indicators for the development of caries in their children: A comparative, cross-sectional study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2017;35:110-4
- 13. Bullappa D, Puranik MP, Sowmya KR, Nagarathnamma T. Association of Feeding Methods and Streptococcus mutans Count with Early Childhood Caries: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(2):119-125.
- 14. Pattanaporn K, Saraithong P, Khongkhunthian S, Aleksejuniene J, Laohapensang P, Chhun N, Chen Z, Li Y. Mode of delivery, mutans streptococci colonization, and early childhood caries in three- to five-year-old Thai children. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2013;41(3): 212–223.
- 15. Holgerson PL, Harnevik L, Hernell O, Tanner ACR, Johansson I. Mode of delivery affects oral microbiota in infants. J Dent Res 2011;90(10):1183-1188.
- 16. Caufield PW, Dasanayake AP, Li Y, Pan Y, Hsu J, Hardin JM. Natural history of Streptococcus sanguinis in the oral cavity of infants: evidence for a discrete window of infectivity. Infect Immun 2000;68:4018-4023.
- 17. Ubeja RG, Bhat C. Mode of delivery and its influence on the acquisition of Streptococcus mutans in infants. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(4):326-329.
- 18. Li Y, Caufield PW, Dasanayake AP, Wiener HW, Vermund SH. Mode of delivery and other maternal factors influence the acquisition of Streptococcus mutans in infants. J Dent Res 2005;84(9):806-811.
- 19. World Health Organization Breastfeeding http://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/topics/newborn/nutrition/breastfeeding/en/. Accessed February 16, 2017.
- 20. Phantumvanit P, Nakino Y, Ogawa H, Rugg-Gunn A, Moynihan P et al. Who Global Consultation on Public Health Intervention against early childhood caries Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2018;46(3):280-287.
- 21. WHO. Oral health surveys; Basic methods. 4. Geneva: WHO; 1997.
- 22. A review of developmental defects of the enamel den¬tal index (DDE index). Commission on Oral Health Research & Epidemiology Report of an FDI Working Group. Int Dent J 1992; 42(6):411-426.
- 23. Wang X, Willing MC, Marazita ML, et al. Genetic and enviromental factors associated with dental caries in children, the Iowa Fluoride Study. Caries Res 2012;46(3):177-184.
- 24. Wagle M, Antonio F, Reierth E, Basnet P, Trovik TA, Orsini G, Manzoli L, Acharya G. Dental caries and preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2018;8:e018556.
- 25. Vieria ACF, Alves CMC, Rodrigues VP, Ribeiro CCC, Gomes-Filho IS, Lopes FF. Oral, systemic and socioeconomic factors associated with preterm birth, Women Birth 2018 ;16:1871-5192.
- 26. Velló MA, Martínez-Costa C, Catalá M, Fons J, Brines J, Guiiarro-Martínez R. Prenatal and neonatal risk factors the development of enamel defects in low birth weight status children. Oral Dis 2010; 16(3):257-262.
- 27. Correa-Faria P, Martins-Júnior PA, Vieira-Andrade RG, Oliveira-Ferreira F, Marques LS, Ramos-Jorge ML. Developmental defects of enamel in primary teeth: prevalence and associated factors. Int J Paediatr Dent 2013; 23(3):173-179.
- 28. Tourino LFP, Maria ZP, Patrícia CF, Martins PS, Parreira VMP. Prevalence and factors associated with enamel defects among preschool children from a southeastern city in Brazil. Ciênc. 2018; 23(5):1667-1674.
- 29. Cruvinel VR, Gravina DB, Azevedo TD, Rezende CS, Bezerra AC, Toledo OA. Prevalence of enamel defects and associated risk factors in both dentitions in preterm and full term born children. J Appl Oral Sci 2012; 20(3):310-3177.
- 30. Pinho JR, Filho FL, Thomaz EB, Lamy ZC, Libério SA, Ferreira EB. Are low birth weight status, intrauterine growth restriction, and preterm birth associated with enamel developmental defects? Pediatr Dent 2012; 34(3):244-248.
Öz
Introduction: The risk factors of early childhood caries has been associated with mode of delivery, maternal factors, parental attitudes and awareness and dietary habits. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between mode of delivery, maternal factors and dental
caries in young children.
Material and Methods: A total of 150 parents and their children aged between 2-12 years old who attended for dental treatment to Baskent University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Pedodontics
were included in this study. This was designed as cross sectional questionnaire study. Mothers were asked to fill a 13 item questionnaire on the day when their children and themselves received a regular
dental check-up at the hospital. The severity of caries experience of children and their mother’s was measured using dmft index, the number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth for deciduous dentition;
and DMFT index for permanent dentition. Hypoplasia was diagnosed based on the Modified Index of Developmental Defects of Enamel when the loss of surface integrity of the enamel was observed.
Besides the descriptive statistical methods the Mann Whitney U, Fisher’s Exact Chi-Square test, Spearman’s rho correlation analysis was used. Significance was evaluated at confidence level p<0.05.
Results: The mean age+sd of children was 7.41±2.27 year. The mean df index value was 4.33±4.13 and mean DMFT index value was 0.45±1.29 in children and 7.91±5.17 in their mothers. Hypoplasia was seen on only 10 teeth in 89 teeth (11.3%). 44% born by vaginal delivery and 56% born by Caesarean section. There was a significant correlation between mothers DMFT index value and children’s dft index value in positive direction (r:0.174, p:0.033; p<0.05). There was no significant difference between children’s dft and DMFT index value and breastfeeding, cupfeeding and bottlefeeding type and duration (p>0.05). There was no relationship between child’s dft and DMFT index values and birth time, mode of delivery, birth weight (p>0.05). The incidence of hypoplasia in children born to preterm (21.4%) was
higher than the incidence of hypoplasia in children born in time (9.3%) but this difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Also no significance was found between the incidence of hypoplasia and birth weight (p> 0.05).
Conclusion: Mothers are role models for their children and should be aware of their child’s caries experience which is associated with their untreated caries and tooth loss.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Proje Numarası
Project no: D-KA 12/15
Kaynakça
- 1. Feldens CA, Rodrigues PH, Vitolo GA, Chaffee BW. Feeding frequency in infancy and dental caries in childhood: a prospective cohort study. 2108:68(2):113-121.
- 2. Schüler IM, Haberstroh S, Dawczynski K, Lehmann T, Heinrich-Weltzien R. Dental caries and developmental defects of enamel in the primary dentition of preterm infants: case control observational study. Caries Res 2018;52:22–31.
- 3. Stephen A, Krishnan N, Chalakkal P. The association between cariogenic factors and the occurence of early childhood caries in children from Salem district of India. J Clin and Diagnostic Res. 2017 Jul, Vol-11(7): ZC63-ZC66.
- 4. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry Reference Manual 2002 – 03 Policies on Early Childhood Caries; Unique Challenges and Treatment Options. Pediatr Dent. 2003;23:24–25.
- 5. Evans RW, Feldens CA, Phantuvanit P. A protocol for early childhood caries diagnosis and risk assessment. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2018;46:518-525.
- 6. İlgen YG, Çoğulu D. Early childhood caries and treatment strategies. Türkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr Dent – Special Topics 2018;4(1):43-9
- 7. Cerit EN, Özer L. Effects of early childhood caries on phsical, psychological development and quality of life. Türkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr Dent – Special Topics 2018;4(1):75-80
- 8. Cabral MBBS, Mota ELA, Cangussu MCT, Vianna MIP, Floriano FR. Risk factors for caries-free time: longitudinal study in early childhood. Rev Saude Publica. 2017;51:118.
- 9. Hisano K, Tanaka K, Nagata C, Arakawa M, Miyake Y. High birthweight is associated with increased prevalence of dental caries in Japanese children. 2018:16(3):404-410.
- 10. Dye BA, Vargas CM, Lee JJ, Magder L, Tinanoff N. Assessing the relationship between children’s oral health status and that of their mothers JADA 2011;142(2):173-183.
- 11. Boustedt K, Roswall J, Twetman S, Dahlgren J. Influence of mode of delivery, family and nursing determinants on early childhood caries development: a prospective cohort study, Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 2018:76:8, 595-599.
- 12. Priyadarshini HR, Fernandes BA, Hiremath S S, Rath A, Shivakumar V, Tegginamani AS. Assessment of maternal risk indicators for the development of caries in their children: A comparative, cross-sectional study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2017;35:110-4
- 13. Bullappa D, Puranik MP, Sowmya KR, Nagarathnamma T. Association of Feeding Methods and Streptococcus mutans Count with Early Childhood Caries: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(2):119-125.
- 14. Pattanaporn K, Saraithong P, Khongkhunthian S, Aleksejuniene J, Laohapensang P, Chhun N, Chen Z, Li Y. Mode of delivery, mutans streptococci colonization, and early childhood caries in three- to five-year-old Thai children. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2013;41(3): 212–223.
- 15. Holgerson PL, Harnevik L, Hernell O, Tanner ACR, Johansson I. Mode of delivery affects oral microbiota in infants. J Dent Res 2011;90(10):1183-1188.
- 16. Caufield PW, Dasanayake AP, Li Y, Pan Y, Hsu J, Hardin JM. Natural history of Streptococcus sanguinis in the oral cavity of infants: evidence for a discrete window of infectivity. Infect Immun 2000;68:4018-4023.
- 17. Ubeja RG, Bhat C. Mode of delivery and its influence on the acquisition of Streptococcus mutans in infants. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(4):326-329.
- 18. Li Y, Caufield PW, Dasanayake AP, Wiener HW, Vermund SH. Mode of delivery and other maternal factors influence the acquisition of Streptococcus mutans in infants. J Dent Res 2005;84(9):806-811.
- 19. World Health Organization Breastfeeding http://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/topics/newborn/nutrition/breastfeeding/en/. Accessed February 16, 2017.
- 20. Phantumvanit P, Nakino Y, Ogawa H, Rugg-Gunn A, Moynihan P et al. Who Global Consultation on Public Health Intervention against early childhood caries Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2018;46(3):280-287.
- 21. WHO. Oral health surveys; Basic methods. 4. Geneva: WHO; 1997.
- 22. A review of developmental defects of the enamel den¬tal index (DDE index). Commission on Oral Health Research & Epidemiology Report of an FDI Working Group. Int Dent J 1992; 42(6):411-426.
- 23. Wang X, Willing MC, Marazita ML, et al. Genetic and enviromental factors associated with dental caries in children, the Iowa Fluoride Study. Caries Res 2012;46(3):177-184.
- 24. Wagle M, Antonio F, Reierth E, Basnet P, Trovik TA, Orsini G, Manzoli L, Acharya G. Dental caries and preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2018;8:e018556.
- 25. Vieria ACF, Alves CMC, Rodrigues VP, Ribeiro CCC, Gomes-Filho IS, Lopes FF. Oral, systemic and socioeconomic factors associated with preterm birth, Women Birth 2018 ;16:1871-5192.
- 26. Velló MA, Martínez-Costa C, Catalá M, Fons J, Brines J, Guiiarro-Martínez R. Prenatal and neonatal risk factors the development of enamel defects in low birth weight status children. Oral Dis 2010; 16(3):257-262.
- 27. Correa-Faria P, Martins-Júnior PA, Vieira-Andrade RG, Oliveira-Ferreira F, Marques LS, Ramos-Jorge ML. Developmental defects of enamel in primary teeth: prevalence and associated factors. Int J Paediatr Dent 2013; 23(3):173-179.
- 28. Tourino LFP, Maria ZP, Patrícia CF, Martins PS, Parreira VMP. Prevalence and factors associated with enamel defects among preschool children from a southeastern city in Brazil. Ciênc. 2018; 23(5):1667-1674.
- 29. Cruvinel VR, Gravina DB, Azevedo TD, Rezende CS, Bezerra AC, Toledo OA. Prevalence of enamel defects and associated risk factors in both dentitions in preterm and full term born children. J Appl Oral Sci 2012; 20(3):310-3177.
- 30. Pinho JR, Filho FL, Thomaz EB, Lamy ZC, Libério SA, Ferreira EB. Are low birth weight status, intrauterine growth restriction, and preterm birth associated with enamel developmental defects? Pediatr Dent 2012; 34(3):244-248.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Diş Hekimliği |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | Project no: D-KA 12/15 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 25 Mayıs 2021 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 17 Şubat 2021 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2 |
