Radiological and histomorphometric investigation of the effectiveness of the Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy (PEMFT) in fracture models that were created in rats

Gülşah Yaşa Öztürk; Ferda Özdemir; Selçuk Öztürk; Cem Copuroglu; Gülay Altun; Mehmet Kürkcü_çene Cerrahisi; Nermin Tunçbilek; Necdet Süt

Research Article

Year 2020, Volume: 5 Issue: 4, 139 - 149, 31.12.2020

Gülşah Yaşa Öztürk Ferda Özdemir Selçuk Öztürk Cem Copuroglu Gülay Altun Mehmet Kürkcü_çene Cerrahisi Nermin Tunçbilek Necdet Süt

Abstract

References

REFERENCES 1. Bouxsein ML, Turek TJ, Blake CA. Recombinant human bone morphogenic prtein-2 accelerates healing in a rabbit osteotomy model. J Bone Joint Surg 2001;83:1219-30.
2. Higgins TF, Dodds SD, Wolfe SW. A biomechanical analysis of fixation of intra-articular distal radial fractures with calcium-phosphate bone cement. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2002;84:1579-86.
3. Leisner S, Shahar R, Aizenberg I, Lichovsky D, Levin-Harrus T. The effect of short-duration, high-intensity electromagnetic pulses on fresh ulnar fractures in rats. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med 2002;49:33-7.
4. Doetsch AM, Faber J, Lynnerup N, Watjen I, Bliddal H, Danneskiold-Samsoe B. The effect of calcium and vitamin D3 supplementation on the healing of the proximal humerus fracture: a randomized placebo-controlled study. Calcif Tissue Int 2004;75:183-8.
5. Larrson S, Kim W, Caja VL, Egger EL. Effect of early axial dynamization on tibial bone healing. Clin Orthop Rel Res 2001;388:240-51.
6. Nielsen M , Andreassen T , Ledet T , Oxlund H. Local injection of TGF-β increases the strength of tibial fractures in the rat. Acta Orthopaedica 1994;65(1):37-41.
7. Nash T, Howlett C, Martin C, Steele J, Johnson K, Hicklin D. Effect of platelet-derived growth factor on tibial osteotomies in rabbits. Bone 2009;15(2):203-8.
8. Wei-Jia C, Seiya J, Ikuo A, Jun A, Goh H, Makoto T et al. Effects of FGF-2 on metaphyseal fracture repair in rabbit tibiae. J Bone Miner Metab 2004;22(4):303-9.
9. Kloen P, Di Paola M, Borens O, Richmond J, Perino G. BMP signaling components are expressed in human fracture callus. Bone 2003;33(3):362-71.
10. Mahmoudifar, N. & Doran, P. M. Chondrogenesis and cartilage tissue engineering: the longer road to technology development. Trends Biotechnol 30, 166–76 (2012).
11. Yürekli V, Akkuş S, Akhan G, Tamer MN. Osteomalazi and antiepilepticles. SDÜ Medical Fac. J. 2005; 12(2):34-7.
12. Steward AJ, Kelly DJ, &Wagner DR. The roll of calcium signaling in the chondrogenic response of mesenchymal stem cell to hydrostatic pressure. Eur Cell Mater 2014; 28, 358-71.
13. Pall ML. Electromagnetic fields act via activation of voltage-gated calcium channels to produce beneficial or adverse effects. J Cell Mol Med 2013;17, 958–65.
14. TToh, WS Spector M, Lee, E. H. & Cao, T. Biomaterial-mediated delivery of microenvironmental cues for repair and regeneration of articular cartilage. Mol Pharm 8, 2011; 994–1001.
15. Raghothaman D, Leong MF, Lim TC, Toh JK, Wan AC, Yang, Z. Lee EH. Engineering cell matrix interactions in assembled polyelectrolyte fiber hydrogels for mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis. Biomaterials 2014; 35, 2607–16.
16. Kirazlı Y. Medical remedy for osteoporotic hip broken patient. Turkish Phys. Rehab Journal 2009;55(1):46-50.
17. Responte DJ, Lee JK, Hu J. C. & Athanasiou KA. Biomechanics-driven chondrogenesis: from embryo to adult. Faseb J 2012; 26, 3614–24.
18. Iordonou P, Baltopoulos G, Gionnokopoulou M, Bellou P, Ktenas E. Effect of polarized light in the healing process of pressure ulcers. Int J Nurs Pract 2002;8:49-50.
19. Akgün K. Remedy of Magnetic Area. Physical medical methods in movement system diseases. İstanbul: Nobel Medical Bookstore, 2002;65-71. 20. Aksoy C. Magnetic Area Cure. İstanbul: Nobel Medical Bookstore. 2001;119-27.
21. Aaron RK, Ciombor DM, Simon BJ. Treatment of nonunions with electric and electromagnetic fields. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2004;419:21-9.
22. Kangarlu A. Cognitive, cardiac and physiological safety studies in ultra high field magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 1999;17:1407-16.
23. American Cancer Society. Magnetic field therapy, bioelectromagnetics, bioenergy therapy, bioresonance guidelines for using compelmantary and alternative methods electromagnetic therapy asp. Cancer 2005.
24. Weintraub MI. Magnetotherapy: A new intervention? Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1998;79:469-70.
25. Erdoğan O, Esen E, Ustun Y, Kurkçu M, Akova T, Gonlusen G et al. Effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on healing of mandibular fractures: an experimental study in rabbits. J Oral Maxillo Fac Surg 2006;64(2):180-8.
26. Bassett CA. Pulsing electromagnetic fields: A new method to modify cell behavior in calcified and noncalcified tissues. Calcif Tissue Int 1982;34:1-8.
27. Daish C, Blanchard R, Fox K. et al. The Application of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) for Bone Fracture Repair: Past and Perspective Findings. Ann Biomed Eng 2018; 46, 525–542.
28. Androjna CB, Fort M, Zborowski R and Midura J. Pulsed electromagnetic field treatment enhances healing callus biomechanical properties in an animal model of osteoporotic fracture. Bioelectromagnetics, 2014; 35(6):396–405.
29. Darendeliler MA, Darendeliler A and Sinclair, PM. Sinclair Effects of Static Magnetic and Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Bone Healing. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1997;12(1):43-53.
30. Cheing GL, Li X, Huang L, Kwan RL, Cheung KK. Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) promote early wound healing and myofibroblast proliferation in diabetic rats. Bioelectromagnetics. 2014;35(3):161-169.
31. Maziaraz, A., B. Kocan, M. Bester, S. Budzik, M. Cholewa, T. Ochiya, and A. Banas. How electromagnetic fields can influence adult stem cells: positive and negative impacts. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 2016; 7(1):1.
32. Hilz FM, et al. Influence of extremely low frequency, low energy electromagnetic fields and combined mechanical stimulation on chondrocytes in 3-D constructs for cartilage tissue engineering. Bioelectromagnetics 2014; 35, 116–28.
33. Gupta AK, Srivastava KP, Avasthi S. Pulsed electromagnetic stimulation in nonunion of tibial diaphyseal fractures. Indian J Orthop 2009;43(2):156-60.
34. Ross CL. et al. The effect of low-frequency electromagnetic field on human bone marrow stem/progenitor cell differentiation. Stem Cell Res 2015; 15, 96–108.
35. Aro HT, Wippermann BW, Hodgson SF, Wahner HW, Lewallen DG, Chao EY. Prediction of properties of fracture callus by measurement of mineral density using micro-bone densitometry. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1989;71:1020-30.
36. Schober A, Yanic M, Fischer G. Electrolytic Changes in the white mouse under the influence of weak magnetic fields. Zentralbl Bacteriol Microbiol Hyg 1982;176 (4):305-15.
37. Steward, A. J., Kelly, D. J. & Wagner, D. R. The role of calcium signalling in the chondrogenic response of mesenchymal stem cells to hydrostatic pressure. Eur Cell Mater 2014; 28, 358–71.
38. Pall, M. L. Electromagnetic fields act via activation of voltage-gated calcium channels to produce beneficial or adverse effects. J Cell Mol Med 2013;17, 958-65.
39. Burchard JF, Nguyen DH, Block E. Macro- and trace element concentrations in blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of dairy cows exposed to electric and magnetic fields. Bioelctromagnetic 1999;20(6):58-64.
40. Eraslan G, Bülgülü A, Epsüz D, Saltap H. Effects of elektromagnnetic area (90 Hz ve 5 mT) of some electrolit levels (Ca++, P+++, Na+, K+, Cl-) in male rats. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2002;1233-6.
41. Chang Tu, Yifan Xiao, Yongzhuang Ma, Hua Wu, and Mingyu Song. The legacy effects of electromagnetic fields on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell self-renewal and multiple differentiation potential. . Stem Cell Research & Therapy. 2018; 9:215.

Radiological and histomorphometric investigation of the effectiveness of the Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy (PEMFT) in fracture models that were created in rats

Year 2020, Volume: 5 Issue: 4, 139 - 149, 31.12.2020

Gülşah Yaşa Öztürk Ferda Özdemir Selçuk Öztürk Cem Copuroglu Gülay Altun Mehmet Kürkcü_çene Cerrahisi Nermin Tunçbilek Necdet Süt

Abstract

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of the pulsed electromagnetic field therapy on histomorphometric and radiographic evaluation and bone mineral density of fracture model that were created in rats.
The study plan: In this study, 14 female young-adult Wistar albino rats that were weighing from 250 to 300 g were used. A closed fracture was created in the tibia of all rats with the guillotine device. 8 rats in the first group underwent 15 sessions of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy at a dose of 15 millitesla/30 minutes a day, whereas 6 rats in the second group were not given any treatment. At the end of 15 sessions of treatment, digital mammographic examination, bone mineral density measurement and histomorphometric evaluation of the fracture area of the rats in the second group were performed.
Results: Although there is no statistically significant difference between the two groups after 15 sessions of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy at a dose of 15 millitesla/30 minutes a day, the outcomes of fracture healing were better in the group that received pulsed electromagnetic field therapy than the control group according to radiological score, bone mineral density measurement and histomorphometric evaluation.
CONCLUSION: Pulsed electromagnetic field is thought to contribute to the healing of fractures.

Keywords

Pulsed electromagnetic field,, fracture healing,, histomorphometry,

References

REFERENCES 1. Bouxsein ML, Turek TJ, Blake CA. Recombinant human bone morphogenic prtein-2 accelerates healing in a rabbit osteotomy model. J Bone Joint Surg 2001;83:1219-30.
2. Higgins TF, Dodds SD, Wolfe SW. A biomechanical analysis of fixation of intra-articular distal radial fractures with calcium-phosphate bone cement. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2002;84:1579-86.
3. Leisner S, Shahar R, Aizenberg I, Lichovsky D, Levin-Harrus T. The effect of short-duration, high-intensity electromagnetic pulses on fresh ulnar fractures in rats. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med 2002;49:33-7.
4. Doetsch AM, Faber J, Lynnerup N, Watjen I, Bliddal H, Danneskiold-Samsoe B. The effect of calcium and vitamin D3 supplementation on the healing of the proximal humerus fracture: a randomized placebo-controlled study. Calcif Tissue Int 2004;75:183-8.
5. Larrson S, Kim W, Caja VL, Egger EL. Effect of early axial dynamization on tibial bone healing. Clin Orthop Rel Res 2001;388:240-51.
6. Nielsen M , Andreassen T , Ledet T , Oxlund H. Local injection of TGF-β increases the strength of tibial fractures in the rat. Acta Orthopaedica 1994;65(1):37-41.
7. Nash T, Howlett C, Martin C, Steele J, Johnson K, Hicklin D. Effect of platelet-derived growth factor on tibial osteotomies in rabbits. Bone 2009;15(2):203-8.
8. Wei-Jia C, Seiya J, Ikuo A, Jun A, Goh H, Makoto T et al. Effects of FGF-2 on metaphyseal fracture repair in rabbit tibiae. J Bone Miner Metab 2004;22(4):303-9.
9. Kloen P, Di Paola M, Borens O, Richmond J, Perino G. BMP signaling components are expressed in human fracture callus. Bone 2003;33(3):362-71.
10. Mahmoudifar, N. & Doran, P. M. Chondrogenesis and cartilage tissue engineering: the longer road to technology development. Trends Biotechnol 30, 166–76 (2012).
11. Yürekli V, Akkuş S, Akhan G, Tamer MN. Osteomalazi and antiepilepticles. SDÜ Medical Fac. J. 2005; 12(2):34-7.
12. Steward AJ, Kelly DJ, &Wagner DR. The roll of calcium signaling in the chondrogenic response of mesenchymal stem cell to hydrostatic pressure. Eur Cell Mater 2014; 28, 358-71.
13. Pall ML. Electromagnetic fields act via activation of voltage-gated calcium channels to produce beneficial or adverse effects. J Cell Mol Med 2013;17, 958–65.
14. TToh, WS Spector M, Lee, E. H. & Cao, T. Biomaterial-mediated delivery of microenvironmental cues for repair and regeneration of articular cartilage. Mol Pharm 8, 2011; 994–1001.
15. Raghothaman D, Leong MF, Lim TC, Toh JK, Wan AC, Yang, Z. Lee EH. Engineering cell matrix interactions in assembled polyelectrolyte fiber hydrogels for mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis. Biomaterials 2014; 35, 2607–16.
16. Kirazlı Y. Medical remedy for osteoporotic hip broken patient. Turkish Phys. Rehab Journal 2009;55(1):46-50.
17. Responte DJ, Lee JK, Hu J. C. & Athanasiou KA. Biomechanics-driven chondrogenesis: from embryo to adult. Faseb J 2012; 26, 3614–24.
18. Iordonou P, Baltopoulos G, Gionnokopoulou M, Bellou P, Ktenas E. Effect of polarized light in the healing process of pressure ulcers. Int J Nurs Pract 2002;8:49-50.
19. Akgün K. Remedy of Magnetic Area. Physical medical methods in movement system diseases. İstanbul: Nobel Medical Bookstore, 2002;65-71. 20. Aksoy C. Magnetic Area Cure. İstanbul: Nobel Medical Bookstore. 2001;119-27.
21. Aaron RK, Ciombor DM, Simon BJ. Treatment of nonunions with electric and electromagnetic fields. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2004;419:21-9.
22. Kangarlu A. Cognitive, cardiac and physiological safety studies in ultra high field magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 1999;17:1407-16.
23. American Cancer Society. Magnetic field therapy, bioelectromagnetics, bioenergy therapy, bioresonance guidelines for using compelmantary and alternative methods electromagnetic therapy asp. Cancer 2005.
24. Weintraub MI. Magnetotherapy: A new intervention? Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1998;79:469-70.
25. Erdoğan O, Esen E, Ustun Y, Kurkçu M, Akova T, Gonlusen G et al. Effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on healing of mandibular fractures: an experimental study in rabbits. J Oral Maxillo Fac Surg 2006;64(2):180-8.
26. Bassett CA. Pulsing electromagnetic fields: A new method to modify cell behavior in calcified and noncalcified tissues. Calcif Tissue Int 1982;34:1-8.
27. Daish C, Blanchard R, Fox K. et al. The Application of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) for Bone Fracture Repair: Past and Perspective Findings. Ann Biomed Eng 2018; 46, 525–542.
28. Androjna CB, Fort M, Zborowski R and Midura J. Pulsed electromagnetic field treatment enhances healing callus biomechanical properties in an animal model of osteoporotic fracture. Bioelectromagnetics, 2014; 35(6):396–405.
29. Darendeliler MA, Darendeliler A and Sinclair, PM. Sinclair Effects of Static Magnetic and Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Bone Healing. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1997;12(1):43-53.
30. Cheing GL, Li X, Huang L, Kwan RL, Cheung KK. Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) promote early wound healing and myofibroblast proliferation in diabetic rats. Bioelectromagnetics. 2014;35(3):161-169.
31. Maziaraz, A., B. Kocan, M. Bester, S. Budzik, M. Cholewa, T. Ochiya, and A. Banas. How electromagnetic fields can influence adult stem cells: positive and negative impacts. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 2016; 7(1):1.
32. Hilz FM, et al. Influence of extremely low frequency, low energy electromagnetic fields and combined mechanical stimulation on chondrocytes in 3-D constructs for cartilage tissue engineering. Bioelectromagnetics 2014; 35, 116–28.
33. Gupta AK, Srivastava KP, Avasthi S. Pulsed electromagnetic stimulation in nonunion of tibial diaphyseal fractures. Indian J Orthop 2009;43(2):156-60.
34. Ross CL. et al. The effect of low-frequency electromagnetic field on human bone marrow stem/progenitor cell differentiation. Stem Cell Res 2015; 15, 96–108.
35. Aro HT, Wippermann BW, Hodgson SF, Wahner HW, Lewallen DG, Chao EY. Prediction of properties of fracture callus by measurement of mineral density using micro-bone densitometry. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1989;71:1020-30.
36. Schober A, Yanic M, Fischer G. Electrolytic Changes in the white mouse under the influence of weak magnetic fields. Zentralbl Bacteriol Microbiol Hyg 1982;176 (4):305-15.
37. Steward, A. J., Kelly, D. J. & Wagner, D. R. The role of calcium signalling in the chondrogenic response of mesenchymal stem cells to hydrostatic pressure. Eur Cell Mater 2014; 28, 358–71.
38. Pall, M. L. Electromagnetic fields act via activation of voltage-gated calcium channels to produce beneficial or adverse effects. J Cell Mol Med 2013;17, 958-65.
39. Burchard JF, Nguyen DH, Block E. Macro- and trace element concentrations in blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of dairy cows exposed to electric and magnetic fields. Bioelctromagnetic 1999;20(6):58-64.
40. Eraslan G, Bülgülü A, Epsüz D, Saltap H. Effects of elektromagnnetic area (90 Hz ve 5 mT) of some electrolit levels (Ca++, P+++, Na+, K+, Cl-) in male rats. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2002;1233-6.
41. Chang Tu, Yifan Xiao, Yongzhuang Ma, Hua Wu, and Mingyu Song. The legacy effects of electromagnetic fields on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell self-renewal and multiple differentiation potential. . Stem Cell Research & Therapy. 2018; 9:215.

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Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Clinical Sciences
Journal Section	Research Articles
Authors	Gülşah Yaşa Öztürk Ferda Özdemir Selçuk Öztürk This is me Cem Copuroglu Gülay Altun Mehmet Kürkcü_çene Cerrahisi Nermin Tunçbilek Necdet Süt
Publication Date	December 31, 2020
Published in Issue	Year 2020 Volume: 5 Issue: 4

Cite

APA	Yaşa Öztürk, G., Özdemir, F., Öztürk, S., Copuroglu, C., et al. (2020). Radiological and histomorphometric investigation of the effectiveness of the Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy (PEMFT) in fracture models that were created in rats. Journal of Immunology and Clinical Microbiology, 5(4), 139-149.
AMA	Yaşa Öztürk G, Özdemir F, Öztürk S, Copuroglu C, Altun G, Kürkcü_çene Cerrahisi M, Tunçbilek N, Süt N. Radiological and histomorphometric investigation of the effectiveness of the Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy (PEMFT) in fracture models that were created in rats. J Immunol Clin Microbiol. December 2020;5(4):139-149.
Chicago	Yaşa Öztürk, Gülşah, Ferda Özdemir, Selçuk Öztürk, Cem Copuroglu, Gülay Altun, Mehmet Kürkcü_çene Cerrahisi, Nermin Tunçbilek, and Necdet Süt. “Radiological and Histomorphometric Investigation of the Effectiveness of the Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy (PEMFT) in Fracture Models That Were Created in Rats”. Journal of Immunology and Clinical Microbiology 5, no. 4 (December 2020): 139-49.
EndNote	Yaşa Öztürk G, Özdemir F, Öztürk S, Copuroglu C, Altun G, Kürkcü_çene Cerrahisi M, Tunçbilek N, Süt N (December 1, 2020) Radiological and histomorphometric investigation of the effectiveness of the Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy (PEMFT) in fracture models that were created in rats. Journal of Immunology and Clinical Microbiology 5 4 139–149.
IEEE	G. Yaşa Öztürk, “Radiological and histomorphometric investigation of the effectiveness of the Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy (PEMFT) in fracture models that were created in rats”, J Immunol Clin Microbiol, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 139–149, 2020.
ISNAD	Yaşa Öztürk, Gülşah et al. “Radiological and Histomorphometric Investigation of the Effectiveness of the Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy (PEMFT) in Fracture Models That Were Created in Rats”. Journal of Immunology and Clinical Microbiology 5/4 (December 2020), 139-149.
JAMA	Yaşa Öztürk G, Özdemir F, Öztürk S, Copuroglu C, Altun G, Kürkcü_çene Cerrahisi M, Tunçbilek N, Süt N. Radiological and histomorphometric investigation of the effectiveness of the Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy (PEMFT) in fracture models that were created in rats. J Immunol Clin Microbiol. 2020;5:139–149.
MLA	Yaşa Öztürk, Gülşah et al. “Radiological and Histomorphometric Investigation of the Effectiveness of the Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy (PEMFT) in Fracture Models That Were Created in Rats”. Journal of Immunology and Clinical Microbiology, vol. 5, no. 4, 2020, pp. 139-4.
Vancouver	Yaşa Öztürk G, Özdemir F, Öztürk S, Copuroglu C, Altun G, Kürkcü_çene Cerrahisi M, Tunçbilek N, Süt N. Radiological and histomorphometric investigation of the effectiveness of the Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy (PEMFT) in fracture models that were created in rats. J Immunol Clin Microbiol. 2020;5(4):139-4.

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