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Year 2024, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 45 - 54, 24.03.2024

Hakan Yarar Ali Özkan Ece Ervüz İzzet Kırkaya

Abstract

References

  • Abaidia, A. E., Daab, W., & Bouzid, M. A. (2020). Effects of Ramadan fasting on physical performance: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 50(5), 1009-1026. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-020-01257-0
  • Al-Hourani, H. M., & Atoum, M. F. (2007). Body composition, nutrient intake and physical activity patterns in young women during Ramadan. Singapore Medical Journal, 48(10), 906-910.
  • Aziz, A. R., Che Muhamed, A. M., Ooi, C. H., Singh, R., & Chia, M. Y. H. (2018). Effects of Ramadan fasting on the physical activity profile of trained Muslim soccer players during a 90-minute match. Science and Medicine in Football, 2(1), 29-38. https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2017.1393550
  • Bahammam, A. S., Alaseem, A. M., Alzakri, A. A., & Sharif, M. M. (2013). The effects of Ramadan fasting on sleep patterns and daytime sleepiness: An objective assessment. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences: The Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 18(2), 127-131.
  • Chamari, K., Roussi, M., Bragazzi, N. L., Chaouachi, A., & Abdul, R. A. (2019). Optimizing training and competition during the month of Ramadan: Recommendations for a holistic and personalized approach for the fasting athletes. Tunis Med, 97(10), 1095-1103.
  • Chaouachi, A., Coutts, A. J., Chamari, K., Wong, D. P., Chaouachi, M., Chtara, M., Roky, R., & Amri, M. (2009). Effect of Ramadan intermittent fasting on aerobic and anaerobic performance and perception of fatigue in male elite judo athletes. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(9), 2702-2709. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181bc17fc
  • Chaouachi, A., Leiper, J. B., Chtourou, H., Aziz, A. R., & Chamari, K. (2012). The effects of Ramadan intermittent fasting on athletic performance: recommendations for the maintenance of physical fitness. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(Suppl. 1), S53-S73. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.698297
  • Chtourou, H., Hammouda, O., Souissi, H., Chamari, K., Chaouachi, A., & Souissi, N. (2011). The effect of Ramadan fasting on physical performances, mood state and perceived exertion in young footballers. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 2(3), 177-185. https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.34757
  • Farooq, A., Herrera, C. P., Almudahka, F., & Mansour, R. (2015). A prospective study of the physiological and neurobehavioral effects of Ramadan fasting in preteen and teenage boys. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 115(6), 889-897. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2015.02.012
  • IPAQ. (2005). IPAQ Research Committee Guidelines for data processing and analysis of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Consultado em, 20.
  • Karasar, N. (2002). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. 16. Basım. Nobel Yayıncılık. Ankara
  • Kocaaga, T., Tamer, K., Karli, U., & Yarar, H. (2019). Effects of Ramadan fasting on physical activity level and body composition in young males. International Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology, 8(3), 2322-3537.
  • Lessan, N., Saadane, I., Alkaf, B., Hambly, C., Buckley, A. J., Finer, N., Speakman, J. R., & Barakat, M. T. (2018). The effects of Ramadan fasting on activity and energy expenditure. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 107(1), 54-61. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqx016
  • Lipert, A., Kozłowski, R., Rasmus, P., Marczak, M., Timler, M., Timler, D., Kaniecka, E., Nasser, A., Ghaddar, M. & Ghaddar, A. (2021). Sleep quality and performance in professional athletes fasting during the month of Ramadan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(13), 6890. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136890
  • Margolis, S. A., & Reed, R. L. (2004). Effect of religious practices of Ramadan on sleep and perceived sleepiness of medical students. Teaching and Learning in Medicine, 16(2), 145-149. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328015tlm1602_5
  • Memari, A. H., Kordi, R., Panahi, N., Nikookar, L. R., Abdollahi, M., & Akbarnejad, A. (2011). Effect of Ramadan fasting on body composition and physical performance in female athletes. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 2(3), 161-166. https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.34754
  • Norouzy, A., Salehi, M., Philippou, E., Arabi, H., Shiva, F., Mehrnoosh, S., Mohajeri, S. M. R., Reza Mohajeri, S. A., Motaghedi Larijani, A., & Nematy, M. (2013). Effect of fasting in Ramadan on body composition and nutritional intake: a prospective study. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 26(Suppl. 1), 97-104. https://doi.org/10.1111/jhn.12042
  • Özkan, A, Bozkuş, T., Özkan, A., Kayıhan, G. (2021). Determination of energy intake and dietary habits and their relationship with physical activity levels and healthy lifestyle behaviours of primary education and pre-service teachers. Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity, 13(4), 17-27. https://doi.org/10.29359/BJHPA.13.4.03
  • Rahman, M., Rashid, M., Basher, S., Sultana, S., Nomani, M. Z. (2004). Improved serum HDL cholesterol profile among Bangladeshi male students during Ramadan fasting. EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 10(‎1-2)‎, 131-137.
  • Reilly, T., & Edwards, B. (2007). Altered sleep–wake cycles and physical performance in athletes. Physiology & Behavior, 90(2-3), 274-284.
  • Roky, R., Chapotot, F., Benchekroun, M. T., Benaji, B., Hakkou, F., Elkhalifi, H., & Buguet, A. (2003). Daytime sleepiness during Ramadan intermittent fasting: polysomnographic and quantitative waking EEG study. Journal of Sleep Research, 12(2), 95-101.
  • Roky, R., Chapotot, F., Hakkou, F., Benchekroun, M. T., & Buguet, A. (2001). Sleep during Ramadan intermittent fasting. Journal of Sleep Research, 10(4), 319-327.
  • Roky, R., Herrera, C. P., & Ahmed, Q. (2012). Sleep in athletes and the effects of Ramadan. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(Suppl 1), S75-S84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.693622
  • Saglam, M., Arikan, H., Savci, S., Inal-Ince, D., Bosnak-Guclu, M., Karabulut, E., & Tokgozoglu, L. (2010). International physical activity questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 111(1), 278-284. https://doi.org/10.2466/06.08.PMS.111.4.278-284
  • Tian, H. H., Aziz, A. R., Png, W., Wahid, M. F., Yeo, D., & Png, A. L. C. (2011). Effects of fasting during Ramadan month on cognitive function in Muslim athletes. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 2(3), 145-153. https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.34753
  • Waterhouse, J., Alabed, H., Edwards, B., & Reilly, T. (2009). Changes in sleep, mood and subjective and objective responses to physical performance during the daytime in Ramadan. Biological Rhythm Research, 40(5), 367-383. https://doi.org/10.1080/09291010902863438
  • Wilson, D., Drust, B., & Reilly, T. (2009). Is diurnal lifestyle altered during Ramadan in professional Muslim athletes?. Biological Rhythm Research, 40(5), 385-397. https://doi.org/10.1080/09291010903015996

Investigation of the Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Sleep Patterns, Nutritional Characteristics, and Physical Activity Levels in Young Individuals Doing Active Sports

Year 2024, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 45 - 54, 24.03.2024

Hakan Yarar Ali Özkan Ece Ervüz İzzet Kırkaya

Abstract

Fasting during Ramadan causes significant changes in important features of human life, such as sleep behaviors, nutrition, and physical activity. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Ramadan fasting on sleep patterns, nutritional characteristics, and physical activity levels in young individuals doing active sports. Twenty-six individuals (14 males-12 females) between the ages of 19-25 and doing active sports participated in the study voluntarily. In the study, the athletes' sleep patterns, nutrition, and physical activity characteristics were determined using a questionnaire. Participants answered a questionnaire about their sleep patterns, nutritional characteristics, and physical activity levels one week before and during the first week of Ramadan. Comparisons between before and Ramadan answers were made by paired t-tests. Wilcoxon’s z was calculated for comparisons between the non-parametric variables. According to the statistical comparisons, the number of workouts per week, and daily training time, were significantly (p<0.05) decreased during Ramadan. In addition, it has been determined that the sleeping and waking hours have changed. It is seen that there is no statistically significant difference in total sleep times. There was no significant difference was found in the high-intensity, moderate-intensity physical activity and sitting times of the athletes (p>0.05). Significant decreases were found in walking and total calorie (MET) parameters (p<0.001). Moreover, no significant difference was found in the total calorie, carbohydrate, fat, protein, and liquid consumption. Ramadan fasting was affected by the number of workouts per week, daily training number, bedtime, waking-up time, walking, and total calorie (MET) parameters.

Keywords

Ramadan fasting sleep patterns nutrition and physical activity characteristics

References

  • Abaidia, A. E., Daab, W., & Bouzid, M. A. (2020). Effects of Ramadan fasting on physical performance: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 50(5), 1009-1026. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-020-01257-0
  • Al-Hourani, H. M., & Atoum, M. F. (2007). Body composition, nutrient intake and physical activity patterns in young women during Ramadan. Singapore Medical Journal, 48(10), 906-910.
  • Aziz, A. R., Che Muhamed, A. M., Ooi, C. H., Singh, R., & Chia, M. Y. H. (2018). Effects of Ramadan fasting on the physical activity profile of trained Muslim soccer players during a 90-minute match. Science and Medicine in Football, 2(1), 29-38. https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2017.1393550
  • Bahammam, A. S., Alaseem, A. M., Alzakri, A. A., & Sharif, M. M. (2013). The effects of Ramadan fasting on sleep patterns and daytime sleepiness: An objective assessment. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences: The Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 18(2), 127-131.
  • Chamari, K., Roussi, M., Bragazzi, N. L., Chaouachi, A., & Abdul, R. A. (2019). Optimizing training and competition during the month of Ramadan: Recommendations for a holistic and personalized approach for the fasting athletes. Tunis Med, 97(10), 1095-1103.
  • Chaouachi, A., Coutts, A. J., Chamari, K., Wong, D. P., Chaouachi, M., Chtara, M., Roky, R., & Amri, M. (2009). Effect of Ramadan intermittent fasting on aerobic and anaerobic performance and perception of fatigue in male elite judo athletes. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(9), 2702-2709. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181bc17fc
  • Chaouachi, A., Leiper, J. B., Chtourou, H., Aziz, A. R., & Chamari, K. (2012). The effects of Ramadan intermittent fasting on athletic performance: recommendations for the maintenance of physical fitness. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(Suppl. 1), S53-S73. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.698297
  • Chtourou, H., Hammouda, O., Souissi, H., Chamari, K., Chaouachi, A., & Souissi, N. (2011). The effect of Ramadan fasting on physical performances, mood state and perceived exertion in young footballers. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 2(3), 177-185. https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.34757
  • Farooq, A., Herrera, C. P., Almudahka, F., & Mansour, R. (2015). A prospective study of the physiological and neurobehavioral effects of Ramadan fasting in preteen and teenage boys. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 115(6), 889-897. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2015.02.012
  • IPAQ. (2005). IPAQ Research Committee Guidelines for data processing and analysis of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Consultado em, 20.
  • Karasar, N. (2002). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. 16. Basım. Nobel Yayıncılık. Ankara
  • Kocaaga, T., Tamer, K., Karli, U., & Yarar, H. (2019). Effects of Ramadan fasting on physical activity level and body composition in young males. International Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology, 8(3), 2322-3537.
  • Lessan, N., Saadane, I., Alkaf, B., Hambly, C., Buckley, A. J., Finer, N., Speakman, J. R., & Barakat, M. T. (2018). The effects of Ramadan fasting on activity and energy expenditure. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 107(1), 54-61. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqx016
  • Lipert, A., Kozłowski, R., Rasmus, P., Marczak, M., Timler, M., Timler, D., Kaniecka, E., Nasser, A., Ghaddar, M. & Ghaddar, A. (2021). Sleep quality and performance in professional athletes fasting during the month of Ramadan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(13), 6890. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136890
  • Margolis, S. A., & Reed, R. L. (2004). Effect of religious practices of Ramadan on sleep and perceived sleepiness of medical students. Teaching and Learning in Medicine, 16(2), 145-149. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328015tlm1602_5
  • Memari, A. H., Kordi, R., Panahi, N., Nikookar, L. R., Abdollahi, M., & Akbarnejad, A. (2011). Effect of Ramadan fasting on body composition and physical performance in female athletes. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 2(3), 161-166. https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.34754
  • Norouzy, A., Salehi, M., Philippou, E., Arabi, H., Shiva, F., Mehrnoosh, S., Mohajeri, S. M. R., Reza Mohajeri, S. A., Motaghedi Larijani, A., & Nematy, M. (2013). Effect of fasting in Ramadan on body composition and nutritional intake: a prospective study. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 26(Suppl. 1), 97-104. https://doi.org/10.1111/jhn.12042
  • Özkan, A, Bozkuş, T., Özkan, A., Kayıhan, G. (2021). Determination of energy intake and dietary habits and their relationship with physical activity levels and healthy lifestyle behaviours of primary education and pre-service teachers. Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity, 13(4), 17-27. https://doi.org/10.29359/BJHPA.13.4.03
  • Rahman, M., Rashid, M., Basher, S., Sultana, S., Nomani, M. Z. (2004). Improved serum HDL cholesterol profile among Bangladeshi male students during Ramadan fasting. EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 10(‎1-2)‎, 131-137.
  • Reilly, T., & Edwards, B. (2007). Altered sleep–wake cycles and physical performance in athletes. Physiology & Behavior, 90(2-3), 274-284.
  • Roky, R., Chapotot, F., Benchekroun, M. T., Benaji, B., Hakkou, F., Elkhalifi, H., & Buguet, A. (2003). Daytime sleepiness during Ramadan intermittent fasting: polysomnographic and quantitative waking EEG study. Journal of Sleep Research, 12(2), 95-101.
  • Roky, R., Chapotot, F., Hakkou, F., Benchekroun, M. T., & Buguet, A. (2001). Sleep during Ramadan intermittent fasting. Journal of Sleep Research, 10(4), 319-327.
  • Roky, R., Herrera, C. P., & Ahmed, Q. (2012). Sleep in athletes and the effects of Ramadan. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(Suppl 1), S75-S84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.693622
  • Saglam, M., Arikan, H., Savci, S., Inal-Ince, D., Bosnak-Guclu, M., Karabulut, E., & Tokgozoglu, L. (2010). International physical activity questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 111(1), 278-284. https://doi.org/10.2466/06.08.PMS.111.4.278-284
  • Tian, H. H., Aziz, A. R., Png, W., Wahid, M. F., Yeo, D., & Png, A. L. C. (2011). Effects of fasting during Ramadan month on cognitive function in Muslim athletes. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 2(3), 145-153. https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.34753
  • Waterhouse, J., Alabed, H., Edwards, B., & Reilly, T. (2009). Changes in sleep, mood and subjective and objective responses to physical performance during the daytime in Ramadan. Biological Rhythm Research, 40(5), 367-383. https://doi.org/10.1080/09291010902863438
  • Wilson, D., Drust, B., & Reilly, T. (2009). Is diurnal lifestyle altered during Ramadan in professional Muslim athletes?. Biological Rhythm Research, 40(5), 385-397. https://doi.org/10.1080/09291010903015996
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Physical Fitness
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hakan Yarar 0000-0003-4652-5307

Ali Özkan 0000-0002-2859-2824

Ece Ervüz 0000-0002-6458-4370

İzzet Kırkaya 0000-0002-0468-8434

Early Pub Date March 23, 2024
Publication Date March 24, 2024
Submission Date January 11, 2024
Acceptance Date February 25, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 12 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yarar, H., Özkan, A., Ervüz, E., Kırkaya, İ. (2024). Investigation of the Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Sleep Patterns, Nutritional Characteristics, and Physical Activity Levels in Young Individuals Doing Active Sports. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science, 12(1), 45-54.
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