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EFFECT OF OCCLUSION ON THE ALVEOLAR BONE RESORPTION IN IMPLANT-SUPPORTED PROSTHESIS

Year 2021, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 83 - 96, 30.06.2021

Abstract

In dentistry, the occlusal forces are transmitted directly to the bone in implant-supported prostheses. The combinations of chewing forces
can create destructive forces. Lateral and oblique forces have a destructive effect on the implant-supported prostheses, especially in the natural teeth. For each type of prosthesis, it is necessary to obtain an occlusion that minimizes the forces that could be harmful to the prosthesis and impair the stability of the prosthesis, and the type of occlusion should support its dynamic elements for each prosthesis. Since excessive loads on the implants cause a bone loss without any inflammation, the areas with deep peri-implant pockets should be evaluated radiographically and necessary occlusal analyzes should be performed during the maintenance sessions.
The preservation of the density and volume of the alveolar bone is provided by the chewing forces on the teeth. After the loss of teeth due to the periodontal, endodontic, traumatic, or other reasons, the remaining alveolar bone tissue undergoes a number of physiological changes. While this change progresses in the form of bone formation in the socket after the extraction in short term, the alveolar bone tissue undergoes a resorption in various ways for various reasons in long term. With the destruction of the periodontal ligament after a tooth extraction, the chewing forces are not transmitted to the entire bone, but only to the surface of the bone through the prosthesis. As a result, the blood flow decreases, and the volume of the total bone reduces. A poorly occluded prosthesis cannot stimulate the remaining bone and accelerates the bone loss. The rate and amount of bone loss is associated with the gender, hormones, metabolism, parafunctional habits and poor fitting prostheses. In this review, the effect of occlusion on the alveolar bone resorption in the implanted prostheses is discussed, the types of occlusion and its uses, and the relationship between the occlusion and bone condition in implant-supported fixed prostheses are discussed.

References

  • 1. Ulusoy M, Aydın K. Dis Hekimliginde Hareketli Bölümlü Protezler. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi; 2003. pp 13-15.
  • 2. Rosenstiel SF, Land MF, Fujimato J. Planning and Preparation. _çinde: Rosenstiel SF, Land MF, Fujimato J, editör. Contemporary Fixed Prosthodontıcs. 4th edition. St. Louis: Mosby; 2006. pp. 1-208.
  • 3. Öncü E ve Alaaddinoğlu E Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci-Special Topics 2014;5(2):62-8
  • 4. Lindhe J, Lang NP, Karring T. Clinical periodontology and implant dentistry. 5th ed. Oxford; Ames, Iowa: Blackwell Munksgaard; 2008. p.352-64.
  • 5. Takei HH, Klokkevold PR, Carranza FA, Newman MG. Carranza's clinical periodontology. 11th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier/Saunders; 2012. p.151-60.
  • 6. Klineberg I, Jagger RG. Occlusion and clinical practice: an evidence-based approach. Edinburgh; New York: Wright; 2004. p.83-9.
  • 7. Michelotti A, Rongo R, D'Antò V, Bucci R. Occlusion, orthodontics, and temporomandibular disorders: Cutting edge of the current evidence. J World Fed Orthod. 2020 Oct;9(3S):S15-S18. doi: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2020.08.003.
  • 8. Yamaguchi M, Kasai K. Inflammation in periodontal tissues in response to mechanical forces. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2005; 53(5):388-98.
  • 9. Kanzaki H, Chiba M, Shimizu Y, Mitani H. Periodontal ligament cells under mechanical stress induce osteoclastogenesis by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand upregulation via prostaglandin E2 synthesis. J Bone Miner Res 2002;17(2):210-20
  • 10. Sodeyama T, Maeda T, Takano Y, Hara K. Responses of periodontal nerve terminals to experimentally induced occlusal trauma in rat molars: an immunohistochemical study using PGP 9.5 antibody. J Periodontal Res 1996; 31 (4):235-48.
  • 11. Okeson JP. Management of temporomandibular disorders and occlusion. 6th ed. St. Louis, Mo.: Mosby; 2008. p.199, 241.
  • 12. Consolaro A. Occlusal trauma can not be compared to orthodontic movement or Occlusal trauma in orthodontic practice and Vshaped recession. Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 2012;17(6):5-12.
  • 13. Kronfeld R. The physiology of the human periodontal tissues under normal and abnormal occlusal conditions. Illinois Dent J 1939;8:13.
  • 14. Glickman I, Smulow JB. Buttressing bone formation in the periodontium. J Periodontol 1965;36(5):365-70.
  • 15. Marx RE, Garg AK. Bone structure, metabolism, and physiology: its impact on dental implantology. Implant Dent 1998;7(4):267-76.
  • 16. Horning GM, Cohen ME, Neils TA. Buccal alveolar exostoses: prevalence, characteristics, and evidence for buttressing bone formation. J Periodontol 2000;71(6):1032-42.
  • 17. Cawood JI, Howell RA. A classification of the edentulous jaws. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1998; 17: 232–236
  • 18. Chanavaz M. Maxillary sinus: anatomy, physiology, surgery, and bone grafting related to implantology-eleven years of surgical experience (1979-1990). J Oral Implantol 1990; 16(3): 199-209.
  • 19. Misch CE. Treatment planning for edentulous maxillary posterior region. In Misch CE, editor: Contemporary Implant Dentistry. St Louis, Mosby, 1993.
  • 20. Misch CE. Rationale for Dental Implants. _çinde: Misch CE, editör. Dental Implant Prosthetics. St. Louis: Mosby; 2005. pp. 1-17.
  • 21. Reyes E, Hildebolt C, Langenwalter E, Miley D. Abfractions and attachment loss in teeth with premature contacts in centric relation: clinical observations. J Periodontol 2009;80(12):1955-62.
  • 22. Okeson JP. Management of temporomandibular disorders and occlusion. 6th ed. St. Louis, Mo.: Mosby; 2008. p.199, 241.
  • 23. Zhou WJ, Che YL, Su Y, et al. The effect of periodontal tissue regeneration combined with orthodontic treatment on periodontal status and satisfaction in patients with periodontitis[J]. Progress in Modern Biomedicine, 2019, 19(9): 1683-1686.
  • 24. Bai L. Effect of Periodontal Serial Therapy Combined with Orthodontics on Periodontal Parameters in Patients with Periodontitis. Proceedings of Anticancer Research. 2020;4(5):9-12.
  • 25. Çalık Kocaoglu S. Tam Protezler. Cilt 1. 4. Baskı. Ankara: Özyurt Matbaacılık; 2004. pp 3-4.
  • 26. Klineberg IJ, Trulsson M, Murray GM. Occlusion on implants - is there a problem? J Oral Rehabil. 2012 Jul;39(7):522-37. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2012.02305.x
  • 27. Vanlıoğlu B., Özkan Y., Özkan Y.K., İmplant Destekli restorasyonlarda Oklüzyon. Atatürk Üniv. Diş Hek. Fak. Derg. 2011, 4, 57-64.
  • 28. Karaca K İmplant Üstü Protezlerde Oklüzyon. İzmir 2014
  • 29. Acar A, İnan Ö, İmplant Destekli Protezlerde Okluzyon. C.Ü. Dişhekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi. 2001, S: 53-56.
  • 30. Soğancı Ünsal, G , Hasanoğlu Erbaşar, G . (2020). Dişsiz rezorbe mandibulaya farklı implantlarla yapılan overdenture protezlerde gerilme analizinin değerlendirilmesi: sonlu elemanlar analizi çalışması. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi , 30 (3) , 457-463 . DOI: 10.17567/ataunidfd.718033
  • 31. Kim Y. , Oh TJ, Misch CE, Wan HL. Occlusal considerations in implant therapy: clinical guidelines with biomechanical rationale. Clin Oral İmplants Res. 2005, 16, 26-35.
  • 32. Köylüoğlu A.Ö. Yeni Terimler Ve Tanımlar İle Oklüzyon Teorileri. Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi 1985
  • 33. Linkow L,I : The Blade-Vent: The Most Promising Thooth Abutments, Oral İmplantology, 1971, 1, S:175-98.
  • 34. Pjetursson, B.E.; Asgeirsson, A.G.; Zwahlen, M.; Sailer, I. Improvements in implant dentistry over the last decade: Comparison of survival and complication rates in older and newer publications. Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Implant. 2014, 29, 308–324.
  • 35. Hu, M.L.; Lin, H.; Zhang, Y.D.; Han, J.M. Comparison of technical, biological, and esthetic parameters of ceramic and metal-ceramic implant-supported fixed dental prostheses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Prosthet. Dent. 2020, 124, 26–35.
  • 36. Frost, H.M. A 2003 update of bone physiology and Wolff’s law for clinicians. Angle Orthod. 2004, 74, 3–15.
  • 37. Ergünbaş B. Mandibula molar dişsiz bölgede implant üstü sabit protetik restorasyonlarda kemik rezorpsiyonu ve okluzyon analizinin değerlendirmesi. Uzmanlık Tezi. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesti Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Protetik diş tedavisi anabilim dalı. 2018.
  • 38. Rangert BR, Sullivan RM, Jemt TM. Load factor control for implants in the posterior partially edentulous segment. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1997; 12: 360–370.
  • 39. Çömlekoğlu ME, Dündar Çömlekoğlu M. Oklüzal Erken Temas ve Uyumsuzlukları Saptama Yöntemleri. Turkiye Klinikleri J Prosthodont-Special Topics. 2017;3(1):46-54.
  • 40. Beumer J. Hamada M and Lewis S: A Prosthodontic Overview, Int J Prosthodont, 6, 126-130, 1993.
  • 41. Ünlü T ve Gürses N. Ana Hatlarıyla Periodontoloji. Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi, 184-185, İzmir. 1995
  • 42. Lopez VJ and Torroba P: Occlusion, "Implant-Supported Prostheses: Occlusion, Clinical Cases, and Labaratory Procedures". Quintessence Publishing Co, 23-35, Chicago, 1995.
  • 43. Sahin S, Cehreli M, Yalcın E. The influence of functional forces on the biomechanics of implantsupported prostheses—a review. J Dent 2002; 30: 271-282

İMPLANT ÜSTÜ PROTEZLERDE OKLÜZYONUN ALVEOLAR KEMİK REZORPSİYONU ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Year 2021, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 83 - 96, 30.06.2021

Abstract

Diş hekimliğinde implant destekli protezlerde oklüzal kuvvetler direkt kemiğe iletilir. Çiğneme kuvvetlerinin bileşkeleri, yıkıcı kuvvetler oluşturabilmektedir. Özellikle doğal dişlerde olduğu gibi implant destekli protezlerde de yanal ve eğik kuvvetler yıkıcı etki gösterir. Her bir protez türü için, protezde zararlı olabilecek ve protezin stabilitesini bozabilecek kuvvetleri minimuma indirecek bir oklüzyon elde etmek gerekir ve oklüzyon türü, her protez için onun dinamik elemanları destekleyecek şekilde olmalıdır. İmplantlara gelen aşırı yükler inflamasyon görülmeksizin kemik kaybına neden olduğundan idame seanslarında derin peri-implant ceplerin olduğu bölgeler radyografik olarak değerlendirilmeli ve gerekli okluzal analizler yapılmalıdır.
Alveol kemiğinin yoğunluk ve hacminin korunması, dişlere gelen çiğneme kuvvetleri ile sağlanır.Dişlerin periodontal, endodontik, travma veya diğer nedenlerle kaybedilmesinin ardından kalan alveolar kemik dokusu, bir takım fizyolojik değişimlerin içerisine girmektedir. Bu değişim kısa vadede çekim sonrası soket içerisinde kemik yapımı şeklinde seyrederken, uzun dönemde alveolar kemik dokusu çeşitli nedenlerle ve çeşitli şekillerde rezorpsiyonla sonuçlanmaktadır. Diş çekiminden sonra periodontal ligamentin yok olmasıyla birlikte çiğneme kuvvetleri kemiğin tümüne değil, sadece protez aracılığıyla kemiğin yüzeyine iletilir. Sonuç olarak kan akısı azalır, total kemiğin hacminde kayıp olur. Kötü oklüzyonlu bir protez, kalan kemiği uyaramaz ve kemik kaybını hızlandırır. Kemik kaybının oranı ve miktarı, cinsiyet, hormonlar, metabolizma, parafonksiyonel alışkanlıklar ve kötü uyumlu protezlerden etkilenir. Bu derlemede implant üstü protezlerde oklüzyonun alveolar kemik rezorpsiyonu üzerine etkisine değinilmiş, oklüzyon çeşitleri ve kullanım alanları ve implant destekli sabit protezlerde oklüzyonun kemik durumuyla ilişkisi tartışılmıştır.

References

  • 1. Ulusoy M, Aydın K. Dis Hekimliginde Hareketli Bölümlü Protezler. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi; 2003. pp 13-15.
  • 2. Rosenstiel SF, Land MF, Fujimato J. Planning and Preparation. _çinde: Rosenstiel SF, Land MF, Fujimato J, editör. Contemporary Fixed Prosthodontıcs. 4th edition. St. Louis: Mosby; 2006. pp. 1-208.
  • 3. Öncü E ve Alaaddinoğlu E Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci-Special Topics 2014;5(2):62-8
  • 4. Lindhe J, Lang NP, Karring T. Clinical periodontology and implant dentistry. 5th ed. Oxford; Ames, Iowa: Blackwell Munksgaard; 2008. p.352-64.
  • 5. Takei HH, Klokkevold PR, Carranza FA, Newman MG. Carranza's clinical periodontology. 11th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier/Saunders; 2012. p.151-60.
  • 6. Klineberg I, Jagger RG. Occlusion and clinical practice: an evidence-based approach. Edinburgh; New York: Wright; 2004. p.83-9.
  • 7. Michelotti A, Rongo R, D'Antò V, Bucci R. Occlusion, orthodontics, and temporomandibular disorders: Cutting edge of the current evidence. J World Fed Orthod. 2020 Oct;9(3S):S15-S18. doi: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2020.08.003.
  • 8. Yamaguchi M, Kasai K. Inflammation in periodontal tissues in response to mechanical forces. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2005; 53(5):388-98.
  • 9. Kanzaki H, Chiba M, Shimizu Y, Mitani H. Periodontal ligament cells under mechanical stress induce osteoclastogenesis by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand upregulation via prostaglandin E2 synthesis. J Bone Miner Res 2002;17(2):210-20
  • 10. Sodeyama T, Maeda T, Takano Y, Hara K. Responses of periodontal nerve terminals to experimentally induced occlusal trauma in rat molars: an immunohistochemical study using PGP 9.5 antibody. J Periodontal Res 1996; 31 (4):235-48.
  • 11. Okeson JP. Management of temporomandibular disorders and occlusion. 6th ed. St. Louis, Mo.: Mosby; 2008. p.199, 241.
  • 12. Consolaro A. Occlusal trauma can not be compared to orthodontic movement or Occlusal trauma in orthodontic practice and Vshaped recession. Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 2012;17(6):5-12.
  • 13. Kronfeld R. The physiology of the human periodontal tissues under normal and abnormal occlusal conditions. Illinois Dent J 1939;8:13.
  • 14. Glickman I, Smulow JB. Buttressing bone formation in the periodontium. J Periodontol 1965;36(5):365-70.
  • 15. Marx RE, Garg AK. Bone structure, metabolism, and physiology: its impact on dental implantology. Implant Dent 1998;7(4):267-76.
  • 16. Horning GM, Cohen ME, Neils TA. Buccal alveolar exostoses: prevalence, characteristics, and evidence for buttressing bone formation. J Periodontol 2000;71(6):1032-42.
  • 17. Cawood JI, Howell RA. A classification of the edentulous jaws. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1998; 17: 232–236
  • 18. Chanavaz M. Maxillary sinus: anatomy, physiology, surgery, and bone grafting related to implantology-eleven years of surgical experience (1979-1990). J Oral Implantol 1990; 16(3): 199-209.
  • 19. Misch CE. Treatment planning for edentulous maxillary posterior region. In Misch CE, editor: Contemporary Implant Dentistry. St Louis, Mosby, 1993.
  • 20. Misch CE. Rationale for Dental Implants. _çinde: Misch CE, editör. Dental Implant Prosthetics. St. Louis: Mosby; 2005. pp. 1-17.
  • 21. Reyes E, Hildebolt C, Langenwalter E, Miley D. Abfractions and attachment loss in teeth with premature contacts in centric relation: clinical observations. J Periodontol 2009;80(12):1955-62.
  • 22. Okeson JP. Management of temporomandibular disorders and occlusion. 6th ed. St. Louis, Mo.: Mosby; 2008. p.199, 241.
  • 23. Zhou WJ, Che YL, Su Y, et al. The effect of periodontal tissue regeneration combined with orthodontic treatment on periodontal status and satisfaction in patients with periodontitis[J]. Progress in Modern Biomedicine, 2019, 19(9): 1683-1686.
  • 24. Bai L. Effect of Periodontal Serial Therapy Combined with Orthodontics on Periodontal Parameters in Patients with Periodontitis. Proceedings of Anticancer Research. 2020;4(5):9-12.
  • 25. Çalık Kocaoglu S. Tam Protezler. Cilt 1. 4. Baskı. Ankara: Özyurt Matbaacılık; 2004. pp 3-4.
  • 26. Klineberg IJ, Trulsson M, Murray GM. Occlusion on implants - is there a problem? J Oral Rehabil. 2012 Jul;39(7):522-37. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2012.02305.x
  • 27. Vanlıoğlu B., Özkan Y., Özkan Y.K., İmplant Destekli restorasyonlarda Oklüzyon. Atatürk Üniv. Diş Hek. Fak. Derg. 2011, 4, 57-64.
  • 28. Karaca K İmplant Üstü Protezlerde Oklüzyon. İzmir 2014
  • 29. Acar A, İnan Ö, İmplant Destekli Protezlerde Okluzyon. C.Ü. Dişhekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi. 2001, S: 53-56.
  • 30. Soğancı Ünsal, G , Hasanoğlu Erbaşar, G . (2020). Dişsiz rezorbe mandibulaya farklı implantlarla yapılan overdenture protezlerde gerilme analizinin değerlendirilmesi: sonlu elemanlar analizi çalışması. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi , 30 (3) , 457-463 . DOI: 10.17567/ataunidfd.718033
  • 31. Kim Y. , Oh TJ, Misch CE, Wan HL. Occlusal considerations in implant therapy: clinical guidelines with biomechanical rationale. Clin Oral İmplants Res. 2005, 16, 26-35.
  • 32. Köylüoğlu A.Ö. Yeni Terimler Ve Tanımlar İle Oklüzyon Teorileri. Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi 1985
  • 33. Linkow L,I : The Blade-Vent: The Most Promising Thooth Abutments, Oral İmplantology, 1971, 1, S:175-98.
  • 34. Pjetursson, B.E.; Asgeirsson, A.G.; Zwahlen, M.; Sailer, I. Improvements in implant dentistry over the last decade: Comparison of survival and complication rates in older and newer publications. Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Implant. 2014, 29, 308–324.
  • 35. Hu, M.L.; Lin, H.; Zhang, Y.D.; Han, J.M. Comparison of technical, biological, and esthetic parameters of ceramic and metal-ceramic implant-supported fixed dental prostheses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Prosthet. Dent. 2020, 124, 26–35.
  • 36. Frost, H.M. A 2003 update of bone physiology and Wolff’s law for clinicians. Angle Orthod. 2004, 74, 3–15.
  • 37. Ergünbaş B. Mandibula molar dişsiz bölgede implant üstü sabit protetik restorasyonlarda kemik rezorpsiyonu ve okluzyon analizinin değerlendirmesi. Uzmanlık Tezi. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesti Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Protetik diş tedavisi anabilim dalı. 2018.
  • 38. Rangert BR, Sullivan RM, Jemt TM. Load factor control for implants in the posterior partially edentulous segment. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1997; 12: 360–370.
  • 39. Çömlekoğlu ME, Dündar Çömlekoğlu M. Oklüzal Erken Temas ve Uyumsuzlukları Saptama Yöntemleri. Turkiye Klinikleri J Prosthodont-Special Topics. 2017;3(1):46-54.
  • 40. Beumer J. Hamada M and Lewis S: A Prosthodontic Overview, Int J Prosthodont, 6, 126-130, 1993.
  • 41. Ünlü T ve Gürses N. Ana Hatlarıyla Periodontoloji. Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi, 184-185, İzmir. 1995
  • 42. Lopez VJ and Torroba P: Occlusion, "Implant-Supported Prostheses: Occlusion, Clinical Cases, and Labaratory Procedures". Quintessence Publishing Co, 23-35, Chicago, 1995.
  • 43. Sahin S, Cehreli M, Yalcın E. The influence of functional forces on the biomechanics of implantsupported prostheses—a review. J Dent 2002; 30: 271-282
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Dentistry
Journal Section Prosthodontics and Maxillofacial Prosthetics
Authors

Bilge Ergünbaş

Mustafa Zortuk

Publication Date June 30, 2021
Submission Date March 10, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Ergünbaş B, Zortuk M. İMPLANT ÜSTÜ PROTEZLERDE OKLÜZYONUN ALVEOLAR KEMİK REZORPSİYONU ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ. Dent & Med J - R. 2021;3(2):83-96.




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