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Effect of effervescent C vitamins on the surface roughness and color stability of composite resins: A SEM study

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 43 - 53, 30.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.34084/bshr.1226373

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effect of effervescent vitamins C on the color change and surface roughness of resin composites.
Methods: 30 specimens (8 mm*2 mm) were prepared for each restorative material (G-ænial Posterior, Solidex). The specimens were polymerized with LED device for 20 seconds and were incubated in distilled water for 24 hours for post-polymerization. Initial color values were measured using a spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade V, Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany), and initial surface roughness was measured with roughness tester (Mitutoyo SJ-410 Surftest Analyzer). The specimens were randomly divided into 3 groups according to their immersion solution (Redoxon, Ocean efervit, and distilled water). During the 28-day test period, the specimens were immersed in the solutions 2 times a day. Color changes and surface roughness measurement procedures were repeated. Data were subjected to One-way ANOVA, Tukey test, and t-test (p=0.05).
Results: When the color change (ΔE00) results are examined statistically; the highest ∆E values were observed in the Redoxon group, regardless of the restorative material. G-ænial Posterior specimens from both study groups and Solidex specimens incubated in Redoxon showed clinically unacceptable discoloration. When the average roughness values (Ra) are analyzed statistically, roughness values above the threshold surface roughness (Ra=0.2 µm) was detected in all groups. However, no statistically significant difference between groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Despite the fact that effervescent C vitamins significantly increased the discoloration of the tested composite resins, not cause a statistically significant difference in surface roughness.

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References

  • Topcu FT, Sahinkesen G, Yamanel K, et al. Influence of different drinks on the colour stability of dental resin composites. Eur J Dent. 2009; 3(01): 50-56. doi: 10.1055/s-0039- 1697405
  • 2. Mjör IA, Moorhead JE, Dahl JE. Reasons for replacement of restorations in permanent teeth in general dental practice. Int Dent J. 2000; 50(6): 361-366. doi:10.1111/j.1875- 595X.2000.tb00569.x
  • 3. Tyas M. Placement and replacement of restorations by selected practitioners. Aust Dent J. 2005; 50(2): 81-89. doi: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2005.tb00345.x
  • 4. Choi J-W, Lee M-J, Oh S-H, et al. Changes in the physical properties and color stability of aesthetic restorative materials caused by various beverages. Dent Mater J. 2019; 38(1): 33-40. doi: 10.4012/dmj.2017-247
  • 5. Özyurt E, Kurt A. Effect of different beverages on color stability and surface properties of composite resin materials. Color Res Appl. 2021; 46(6): 1382-1391. doi: 10.1002/ col.22677
  • 6. Shetty P, Purayil T-P, Ginjupalli K, et al. Effect of polishing technique and immersion in beverages on color stability of nanoceramic composites. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2021; 11(1): 53-56. doi: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2020.11.011
  • 7. Alberton Da Silva V, Alberton Da Silva S, Pecho OE, et al. Influence of composite type and light irradiance on color stability after immersion in different beverages. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2018; 30(5): 390-396. doi: 10.1111/jerd.12383
  • 8. Dündar A, Şengün A. Dental erozyonun etiyolojisi ve tedavi yaklaşimları. Atatürk Üni- versitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi. 24(8): 67-73. doi: 10.17567/dfd.67179
  • 9. Tupalli AR, Satish B, Shetty BR, et al. Evaluation of the erosive potential of various pediat- ric liquid medicaments: An in-vitro study. J Int Oral Health. 2014;6(1): 59-65.
  • 10. Wegehaupt FJ, Lunghi N, Hogger VM, et al. Erosive potential of vitamin and vitamin+ mineral effervescent tablets. Swiss Dent J. 2016; 126(5): 457-465. doi: 10.5167/uzh-128432
  • 11. Nunn JH, Ng SK, Sharkey I, et al. The dental implications of chronic use of acidic medici- nes in medically compromised children. World J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2001; 23(3): 118-119.
  • 12. Lussi A, Megert B, Shellis RP, et al. Analysis of the erosive effect of different die- tary substances and medications. Br J Nutr. 2012; 107(2): 252-262. doi: 10.1017/ S0007114511002820
  • 13. Oğlakçı ÖÜB, Fazlıoğlu AGL, Tunç AGA, ve ark. Smoothielerin nano kompozit rezinle- rin mikrosertlik ve renk değişimi üzerine etkisi. 7tepe Klinik Dergisi. 2021; 17(3): 159- 165. doi: 10.5505/yeditepe.2021.45822
  • 14. Guler EBG, Bayrak GD, Unsal M, et al. Effect of pediatric multivitamin syrups and effer- vescent tablets on the surface microhardness and roughness of restorative materials: An in vitro study. J Dent Sci. 2021; 16(1): 311-317. doi: 10.1016/j.jds.2020.03.017
  • 15. Erdemir U, Yildiz E, Eren MM, et al. Effects of polishing systems on the surface roughness of tooth-colored materials. J Dent Sci. 2013; 8(2): 160-169. doi: 10.1016/j.jds.2012.05.007
  • 16. Scatena C, Galafassi D, Gomes-Silva JM, et al. In vitro erosive effect of pediatric medi- cines on deciduous tooth enamel. Braz Dent J. 2014; 25(1): 22-27. doi: 10.1590/0103- 6440201302344
  • 17. Lussi A, Hellwig E, Ganss C, et al. Dental erosion. Oper Dent. 2009; 34(3): 251-262. doi: 10.2341/09-BL
  • 18. Valinoti AC, Neves BG, Silva EMd, et al. Surface degradation of composite resins by acidic medicines and pH-cycling. J Appl Oral Sci. 2008; 16(4): 257-265. doi: 10.1590/ S1678-77572008000400006
  • 19. Maitin S, Maitin N, Priyank H, et al. Evaluation of spectrophotometer analysis of bulk-fill composites in various daily used beverages. Int J Med Biomed Stud. 2019; 3(10): 334-341.
  • 20. Yildirim B, Recen D, Tekeli Simsek A. Effect of cement color and tooth‐shaded ba- ckground on the final color of lithium disilicate and zirconia‐reinforced lithium silicate ceramics: An in vitro study. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2021; 33(2): 380-386. doi: 10.1111/jerd.12611
  • 21. Ghinea R, Pérez MM, Herrera LJ, et al. Color difference thresholds in dental ceramics. J Dent. 2010; 38(2): e57-e64. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2010.07.008
  • 22. Salas M, Lucena C, Herrera LJ, et al. Translucency thresholds for dental materials. Dent Mater. 2018; 34(8): 1168-1174. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.05.001
  • 23. Della Bona A, Pecho O, Ghinea R, et al. Influence of bleaching and aging procedures on color and whiteness of dental composites. Oper Dent. 2019; 44(6): 648-658. doi: 10.2341/18-209-L
  • 24. Paravina RD, Pérez MM, Ghinea R. Acceptability and perceptibility thresholds in den- tistry: A comprehensive review of clinical and research applications. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2019; 31(2): 103-112. doi: 10.1111/jerd.12465
  • 25. Tekçe N, Tuncer S, Demirci M, et al. The effect of different drinks on the color stability of different restorative materials after one month. Restor Dent Endod.. 2015; 40(4): 255-261. doi: 10.5395/rde.2015.40.4.255
  • 26. Paravina RD, Ghinea R, Herrera LJ, et al. Color difference thresholds in dentistry. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2015; 27: S1-9. doi: 10.1111/jerd.12149
  • 27. Valera B, Bhatt R, Patel M, et al. Effect of Different Pediatric Medications on Various Tooth Colored Restorative Materials Used in Pediatric Dentistry: A Comparative Study. Int J Health Sci 2022; 6(S3): 578-591 doi: 10.53730/ijhs.v6nS3.5318
  • 28. Haselton DR, Diaz-Arnold AM, Dawson DV. Color stability of provisional crown and fixed partial denture resins. J Prosthet Dent. 2005; 93(1): 70-75. doi: 10.1016/j.pros- dent.2004.09.025
  • 29. Rutkunas V, Sabaliauskas V, Mizutani H. Effects of different food colorants and polis- hing techniques on color stability of provisional prosthetic materials. Dent Mater J. 2010; 29(2): 167-176. doi: 10.4012/dmj.2009-075
  • 30. Limly Bal T, Chakravarthy D, SN P, et al. Indirect Resin Composite Restorations—A Nar- rative Review. Jacobs J Dent Res. 2019; 5(41): 2020.
  • 31. Malmstrom H, Schlueter M, Roach T, et al. Effect of thickness of flowable resins on mar- ginal leakage in class II composite restorations. Oper Dent. 2002; 27(4): 373-380.
  • 32. Canyurt MB, Oktay EA, Karaoğlanoğlu S. Diş Hekimliğinde İndirekt Kompozit Rezinler: Derleme. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi. 2021: 1-1.
  • 33. Papadopoulos T, Sarafianou A, Hatzikyriakos A. Colour stability of veneering composites after accelerated aging. Eur J Dent. 2010; 4(02): 137-142. doi:10.1055/s-0039-1697821
  • 34. De Oliveira ALBM, Botta AC, Campos JÁDB, et al. Influence of light curing units and flu- oride mouthrinse on morphological surface and color stability of a nanofilled composite resin. Microsc Res Tech. 2014; 77(11): 941-946. doi: 10.1002/jemt.22421
  • 35. Menon A, Ganapathy DM, Mallikarjuna AV. Factors that influence the colour stability of composite resins. Drug Invent Today. 2019; 11(3): 744-749.
  • 36. Batra R, Kataria P, Kapoor S. Effect of salivary ph on color stability of different flowable composites–a prospective in-vitro study. J Clin Diagnostic Res. 2016; 10(10): ZC43-ZC46 doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/21584.8641
  • 37. Sarıalioğlu Güngör A, Değer C. Effects of Vitamin C on Surface Roughness, Microhard- ness and Color Stability of Composite Resins. 2021. Paper presented at: CED-IADR Oral Health Research Congress; September 16-18, 2021; Brussels, Belgium. https://openac- cess.bezmialem.edu.tr/entities/publication/cb80c6a0-1a9b-439a-be9d-77f57fccd780. Accessed February 1, 2023.
  • 38. Poggio C, Vialba L, Berardengo A, et al. Color stability of new esthetic restorative mate- rials: A spectrophotometric analysis. J Funct Biomater. 2017; 8(3):26: 1-8. doi: 10.3390/ jfb8030026
  • 39. Pala K, Tekce N, Tuncer S, et al. Evaluation of the surface hardness, roughness, gloss and color of composites after different finishing/polishing treatments and thermocyc- ling using a multitechnique approach. Dent Mater J. 2016; 35(2): 278-289. doi: 10.4012/ dmj.2015-260
  • 40. Barcellos DC, Borges ALS, Borges AB, et al. Surface roughness of indirect composi- tes using different polishing systems. Braz Dent Sci. 2013; 16(4): 77-83. doi: 10.14295/ bds.2013.v16i4.927
  • 41. Mitra SB, Wu D, Holmes BN. An application of nanotechnology in advanced dental mate- rials. J Am Dent Assoc. 2003; 134(10): 1382-1390. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2003.0054.
  • 42. Yap AU, Yap S, Teo C, Ng J. Comparison of surface finish of new aesthetic restorative materials. Oper Dent 2004; 29(1): 100-104.
  • 43. Kakaboura A, Fragouli M, Rahiotis C,et al. Evaluation of surface characteristics of dental composites using profilometry, scanning electron, atomic force microscopy and gloss-meter. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2007; 18(1): 155-163. doi: 10.1007/s10856-006-0675- 8
  • 44. Misumi I, Naoi K, Sugawara K, et al. Profile surface roughness measurement using met- rological atomic force microscope and uncertainty evaluation. Measurement. 2015; 73: 295-303. doi: 10.1016/j.measurement.2015.05.026
  • 45. Larimer C, Suter JD, Bonheyo G, et al. In situ non‐destructive measurement of biofilm thickness and topology in an interferometric optical microscope. J Biophotonics. 2016; 9(6): 656-666. doi: 10.1002/jbio.201500212
  • 46. Paepegaey A-M, Barker ML, Bartlett DW, et al. Measuring enamel erosion: a comparative study of contact profilometry, non-contact profilometry and confocal laser scanning mic- roscopy. Dent Mater. 2013; 29(12): 1265-1272. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.09.015
  • 47. Guler S, Unal M. The evaluation of color and surface roughness changes in resin based restorative materials with different contents after waiting in various liquids: an SEM and AFM study. Microsc Res Tech. 2018; 81(12): 1422-1433. doi: 10.1002/jemt.23104

Efervesan C vitaminlerinin kompozit rezinlerin yüzey pürüzlülüğü ve renk stabilitesi üzerine etkisi: SEM çalışması

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 43 - 53, 30.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.34084/bshr.1226373

Abstract

Amaç: Efervesan C vitamin tabletlerinin kompozit rezinlerin renk değişimine ve yüzey pürüzlülüğüne olan etkisinin araştırmaktır.
Yöntem: Kompozit rezin materyallerinin (G-ænial Posterior ve Solidex) her biri için (8 mm*2 mm) 30 adet numune hazırlandı. Numuneler LED cihazı ile 20 saniye polimerize edildi ve post-polimerizasyon için distile su içerisinde 24 saat inkübe edildi. Numunelerin başlangıç renk değerleri spektrofotometre cihazı (Vita Easyshade V, Vita Zahnfabrik, Almanya), başlangıç yüzey pürüzlülükleri ise pürüzlülük test cihazı (Mitutoyo SJ-410 Surftest Analyzer) ile ölçüldü. Numuneler immersiyon solüsyonlarına (Redoxon, Ocean efervit ve distile su) göre rastgele 3 gruba ayrıldı. 28 günlük deney süresi boyunca numuneler günde 2 kez çözeltilere daldırıldı. Renk değişimleri ve yüzey pürüzlülük ölçüm işlemleri tekrarlandı. Veriler One-way ANOVA, Tukey testi ve t-testine tabi tutuldu (p=0.05).
Bulgular: Renk değişimin(ΔE00) sonuçları istatistiksel olarak incelendiğinde; restoratif materyalden bağımsız olarak en yüksek ∆E değerleri Redoxon grubunda gözlendi. Her bir G-ænial Posterior posterior numuneleri ve Redoxon'da inkübe edilen Solidex numuneleri, klinik olarak kabul edilemez renk değişikliği gösterdi. Ortalama pürüzlülük değerleri (Ra) istatistiksel olarak analiz edildiğinde, tüm gruplarda eşik yüzey pürüzlülüğünün (Ra=0,2 µm) üzerinde değerler tespit edildi. Ancak gruplar arasında ilk ve ikinci ölçümler arasında pürüzlülük açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark görülmedi (p>0.05).
Sonuç: Efervesan C vitaminleri, test edilen kompozit rezinlerin renk değişimininde önemli ölçüde arttırırken, yüzey pürüzlülüğünde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılığa yol açmamıştır.

Project Number

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References

  • Topcu FT, Sahinkesen G, Yamanel K, et al. Influence of different drinks on the colour stability of dental resin composites. Eur J Dent. 2009; 3(01): 50-56. doi: 10.1055/s-0039- 1697405
  • 2. Mjör IA, Moorhead JE, Dahl JE. Reasons for replacement of restorations in permanent teeth in general dental practice. Int Dent J. 2000; 50(6): 361-366. doi:10.1111/j.1875- 595X.2000.tb00569.x
  • 3. Tyas M. Placement and replacement of restorations by selected practitioners. Aust Dent J. 2005; 50(2): 81-89. doi: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2005.tb00345.x
  • 4. Choi J-W, Lee M-J, Oh S-H, et al. Changes in the physical properties and color stability of aesthetic restorative materials caused by various beverages. Dent Mater J. 2019; 38(1): 33-40. doi: 10.4012/dmj.2017-247
  • 5. Özyurt E, Kurt A. Effect of different beverages on color stability and surface properties of composite resin materials. Color Res Appl. 2021; 46(6): 1382-1391. doi: 10.1002/ col.22677
  • 6. Shetty P, Purayil T-P, Ginjupalli K, et al. Effect of polishing technique and immersion in beverages on color stability of nanoceramic composites. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2021; 11(1): 53-56. doi: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2020.11.011
  • 7. Alberton Da Silva V, Alberton Da Silva S, Pecho OE, et al. Influence of composite type and light irradiance on color stability after immersion in different beverages. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2018; 30(5): 390-396. doi: 10.1111/jerd.12383
  • 8. Dündar A, Şengün A. Dental erozyonun etiyolojisi ve tedavi yaklaşimları. Atatürk Üni- versitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi. 24(8): 67-73. doi: 10.17567/dfd.67179
  • 9. Tupalli AR, Satish B, Shetty BR, et al. Evaluation of the erosive potential of various pediat- ric liquid medicaments: An in-vitro study. J Int Oral Health. 2014;6(1): 59-65.
  • 10. Wegehaupt FJ, Lunghi N, Hogger VM, et al. Erosive potential of vitamin and vitamin+ mineral effervescent tablets. Swiss Dent J. 2016; 126(5): 457-465. doi: 10.5167/uzh-128432
  • 11. Nunn JH, Ng SK, Sharkey I, et al. The dental implications of chronic use of acidic medici- nes in medically compromised children. World J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2001; 23(3): 118-119.
  • 12. Lussi A, Megert B, Shellis RP, et al. Analysis of the erosive effect of different die- tary substances and medications. Br J Nutr. 2012; 107(2): 252-262. doi: 10.1017/ S0007114511002820
  • 13. Oğlakçı ÖÜB, Fazlıoğlu AGL, Tunç AGA, ve ark. Smoothielerin nano kompozit rezinle- rin mikrosertlik ve renk değişimi üzerine etkisi. 7tepe Klinik Dergisi. 2021; 17(3): 159- 165. doi: 10.5505/yeditepe.2021.45822
  • 14. Guler EBG, Bayrak GD, Unsal M, et al. Effect of pediatric multivitamin syrups and effer- vescent tablets on the surface microhardness and roughness of restorative materials: An in vitro study. J Dent Sci. 2021; 16(1): 311-317. doi: 10.1016/j.jds.2020.03.017
  • 15. Erdemir U, Yildiz E, Eren MM, et al. Effects of polishing systems on the surface roughness of tooth-colored materials. J Dent Sci. 2013; 8(2): 160-169. doi: 10.1016/j.jds.2012.05.007
  • 16. Scatena C, Galafassi D, Gomes-Silva JM, et al. In vitro erosive effect of pediatric medi- cines on deciduous tooth enamel. Braz Dent J. 2014; 25(1): 22-27. doi: 10.1590/0103- 6440201302344
  • 17. Lussi A, Hellwig E, Ganss C, et al. Dental erosion. Oper Dent. 2009; 34(3): 251-262. doi: 10.2341/09-BL
  • 18. Valinoti AC, Neves BG, Silva EMd, et al. Surface degradation of composite resins by acidic medicines and pH-cycling. J Appl Oral Sci. 2008; 16(4): 257-265. doi: 10.1590/ S1678-77572008000400006
  • 19. Maitin S, Maitin N, Priyank H, et al. Evaluation of spectrophotometer analysis of bulk-fill composites in various daily used beverages. Int J Med Biomed Stud. 2019; 3(10): 334-341.
  • 20. Yildirim B, Recen D, Tekeli Simsek A. Effect of cement color and tooth‐shaded ba- ckground on the final color of lithium disilicate and zirconia‐reinforced lithium silicate ceramics: An in vitro study. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2021; 33(2): 380-386. doi: 10.1111/jerd.12611
  • 21. Ghinea R, Pérez MM, Herrera LJ, et al. Color difference thresholds in dental ceramics. J Dent. 2010; 38(2): e57-e64. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2010.07.008
  • 22. Salas M, Lucena C, Herrera LJ, et al. Translucency thresholds for dental materials. Dent Mater. 2018; 34(8): 1168-1174. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.05.001
  • 23. Della Bona A, Pecho O, Ghinea R, et al. Influence of bleaching and aging procedures on color and whiteness of dental composites. Oper Dent. 2019; 44(6): 648-658. doi: 10.2341/18-209-L
  • 24. Paravina RD, Pérez MM, Ghinea R. Acceptability and perceptibility thresholds in den- tistry: A comprehensive review of clinical and research applications. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2019; 31(2): 103-112. doi: 10.1111/jerd.12465
  • 25. Tekçe N, Tuncer S, Demirci M, et al. The effect of different drinks on the color stability of different restorative materials after one month. Restor Dent Endod.. 2015; 40(4): 255-261. doi: 10.5395/rde.2015.40.4.255
  • 26. Paravina RD, Ghinea R, Herrera LJ, et al. Color difference thresholds in dentistry. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2015; 27: S1-9. doi: 10.1111/jerd.12149
  • 27. Valera B, Bhatt R, Patel M, et al. Effect of Different Pediatric Medications on Various Tooth Colored Restorative Materials Used in Pediatric Dentistry: A Comparative Study. Int J Health Sci 2022; 6(S3): 578-591 doi: 10.53730/ijhs.v6nS3.5318
  • 28. Haselton DR, Diaz-Arnold AM, Dawson DV. Color stability of provisional crown and fixed partial denture resins. J Prosthet Dent. 2005; 93(1): 70-75. doi: 10.1016/j.pros- dent.2004.09.025
  • 29. Rutkunas V, Sabaliauskas V, Mizutani H. Effects of different food colorants and polis- hing techniques on color stability of provisional prosthetic materials. Dent Mater J. 2010; 29(2): 167-176. doi: 10.4012/dmj.2009-075
  • 30. Limly Bal T, Chakravarthy D, SN P, et al. Indirect Resin Composite Restorations—A Nar- rative Review. Jacobs J Dent Res. 2019; 5(41): 2020.
  • 31. Malmstrom H, Schlueter M, Roach T, et al. Effect of thickness of flowable resins on mar- ginal leakage in class II composite restorations. Oper Dent. 2002; 27(4): 373-380.
  • 32. Canyurt MB, Oktay EA, Karaoğlanoğlu S. Diş Hekimliğinde İndirekt Kompozit Rezinler: Derleme. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi. 2021: 1-1.
  • 33. Papadopoulos T, Sarafianou A, Hatzikyriakos A. Colour stability of veneering composites after accelerated aging. Eur J Dent. 2010; 4(02): 137-142. doi:10.1055/s-0039-1697821
  • 34. De Oliveira ALBM, Botta AC, Campos JÁDB, et al. Influence of light curing units and flu- oride mouthrinse on morphological surface and color stability of a nanofilled composite resin. Microsc Res Tech. 2014; 77(11): 941-946. doi: 10.1002/jemt.22421
  • 35. Menon A, Ganapathy DM, Mallikarjuna AV. Factors that influence the colour stability of composite resins. Drug Invent Today. 2019; 11(3): 744-749.
  • 36. Batra R, Kataria P, Kapoor S. Effect of salivary ph on color stability of different flowable composites–a prospective in-vitro study. J Clin Diagnostic Res. 2016; 10(10): ZC43-ZC46 doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/21584.8641
  • 37. Sarıalioğlu Güngör A, Değer C. Effects of Vitamin C on Surface Roughness, Microhard- ness and Color Stability of Composite Resins. 2021. Paper presented at: CED-IADR Oral Health Research Congress; September 16-18, 2021; Brussels, Belgium. https://openac- cess.bezmialem.edu.tr/entities/publication/cb80c6a0-1a9b-439a-be9d-77f57fccd780. Accessed February 1, 2023.
  • 38. Poggio C, Vialba L, Berardengo A, et al. Color stability of new esthetic restorative mate- rials: A spectrophotometric analysis. J Funct Biomater. 2017; 8(3):26: 1-8. doi: 10.3390/ jfb8030026
  • 39. Pala K, Tekce N, Tuncer S, et al. Evaluation of the surface hardness, roughness, gloss and color of composites after different finishing/polishing treatments and thermocyc- ling using a multitechnique approach. Dent Mater J. 2016; 35(2): 278-289. doi: 10.4012/ dmj.2015-260
  • 40. Barcellos DC, Borges ALS, Borges AB, et al. Surface roughness of indirect composi- tes using different polishing systems. Braz Dent Sci. 2013; 16(4): 77-83. doi: 10.14295/ bds.2013.v16i4.927
  • 41. Mitra SB, Wu D, Holmes BN. An application of nanotechnology in advanced dental mate- rials. J Am Dent Assoc. 2003; 134(10): 1382-1390. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2003.0054.
  • 42. Yap AU, Yap S, Teo C, Ng J. Comparison of surface finish of new aesthetic restorative materials. Oper Dent 2004; 29(1): 100-104.
  • 43. Kakaboura A, Fragouli M, Rahiotis C,et al. Evaluation of surface characteristics of dental composites using profilometry, scanning electron, atomic force microscopy and gloss-meter. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2007; 18(1): 155-163. doi: 10.1007/s10856-006-0675- 8
  • 44. Misumi I, Naoi K, Sugawara K, et al. Profile surface roughness measurement using met- rological atomic force microscope and uncertainty evaluation. Measurement. 2015; 73: 295-303. doi: 10.1016/j.measurement.2015.05.026
  • 45. Larimer C, Suter JD, Bonheyo G, et al. In situ non‐destructive measurement of biofilm thickness and topology in an interferometric optical microscope. J Biophotonics. 2016; 9(6): 656-666. doi: 10.1002/jbio.201500212
  • 46. Paepegaey A-M, Barker ML, Bartlett DW, et al. Measuring enamel erosion: a comparative study of contact profilometry, non-contact profilometry and confocal laser scanning mic- roscopy. Dent Mater. 2013; 29(12): 1265-1272. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.09.015
  • 47. Guler S, Unal M. The evaluation of color and surface roughness changes in resin based restorative materials with different contents after waiting in various liquids: an SEM and AFM study. Microsc Res Tech. 2018; 81(12): 1422-1433. doi: 10.1002/jemt.23104
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Dentistry
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ayşe Tuğba Ertürk Avunduk 0000-0002-7879-8150

Ebru Delikan 0000-0003-1624-3392

Project Number -
Early Pub Date May 10, 2023
Publication Date April 30, 2023
Acceptance Date March 5, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

AMA Ertürk Avunduk AT, Delikan E. Effect of effervescent C vitamins on the surface roughness and color stability of composite resins: A SEM study. J Biotechnol and Strategic Health Res. April 2023;7(1):43-53. doi:10.34084/bshr.1226373
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